Atmospheric moisture in the Arctic and Antarctic
Water vapour is an effective greenhouse gas, but clouds, which are formed when water vapour condenses into water droplets or ice crystals, may have an even greater effect on radiative energy transfer through the atmosphere. In addition, absorption or release of the latent heat of vaporization and tr...
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Helsingin yliopisto
2022
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/339471 2023-08-20T04:01:25+02:00 Atmospheric moisture in the Arctic and Antarctic Ilmakehän kosteus Arktiksessa ja Antarktiksessa Naakka, Tuomas Langen, Peter University of Helsinki, Faculty of Science Doctoral Programme in Atmospheric Sciences Finnish Meteorological Institute Helsingin yliopisto, matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Ilmakehätieteiden tohtoriohjelma Helsingfors universitet, matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten Doktorandprogrammet i atmosfärvetenskap Vihma, Timo Nygård, Tiina 2022-01-31T09:41:34Z application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/339471 eng eng Helsingin yliopisto Helsingfors universitet University of Helsinki URN:ISBN:978-952-336-151-5 Helsinki: Edita Prima Oy, 2022, Finnish Meteorological Institute Contributions. 0782-6117 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/339471 URN:ISBN:978-952-336-150-8 Julkaisu on tekijänoikeussäännösten alainen. Teosta voi lukea ja tulostaa henkilökohtaista käyttöä varten. Käyttö kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin on kielletty. This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited. Publikationen är skyddad av upphovsrätten. Den får läsas och skrivas ut för personligt bruk. Användning i kommersiellt syfte är förbjuden. meteorologia Text 1171 Geotieteet 1171 Geovetenskaper 1171 Geosciences Doctoral dissertation (article-based) Artikkeliväitöskirja Artikelavhandling doctoralThesis 2022 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-07-28T06:20:44Z Water vapour is an effective greenhouse gas, but clouds, which are formed when water vapour condenses into water droplets or ice crystals, may have an even greater effect on radiative energy transfer through the atmosphere. In addition, absorption or release of the latent heat of vaporization and transport of water vapour are part of the heat transport from the Tropics towards the Poles. Thus, atmospheric water vapour greatly affects the energy balance of the atmosphere and is also an important component of the water cycle. This thesis addresses the subject of atmospheric moisture and the processes affecting it in the Arctic and Antarctic. The studies comprising the thesis are mostly based on atmospheric reanalyses. In the polar regions, meteorological observation networks are sparse, due to their remoteness and the harsh environment, and therefore traditional observations have not provided a comprehensive picture of atmospheric conditions in the polar regions. In recent years, atmospheric reanalyses have also become more accurate in remote areas, which has enabled detailed studies of atmospheric moisture in the polar regions. In the polar regions, the mostly negative radiation budget of Earth’s atmosphere-surface system shapes the distribution of water vapour in the atmosphere, especially the vertical structure of specific humidity. The polar regions are sinks for atmospheric water vapour, due to their typically small local evaporation, and even condensation of moisture on the surface. Therefore, moisture transport from the lower latitudes balances the moisture budget in the polar regions. This type of moisture budget favours the formation of specific humidity inversions. Our results show that specific humidity inversions are common in the polar regions, and their occurrence near Earth’s surface is linked with surface conditions: radiative surface cooling, occurrence of temperature inversions in winter and cold sea surfaces or melting of sea ice in summer. Advection of warm, moist air masses over a cold surface ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Sea ice Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto Arctic Antarctic |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
meteorologia |
spellingShingle |
meteorologia Naakka, Tuomas Atmospheric moisture in the Arctic and Antarctic |
topic_facet |
meteorologia |
description |
Water vapour is an effective greenhouse gas, but clouds, which are formed when water vapour condenses into water droplets or ice crystals, may have an even greater effect on radiative energy transfer through the atmosphere. In addition, absorption or release of the latent heat of vaporization and transport of water vapour are part of the heat transport from the Tropics towards the Poles. Thus, atmospheric water vapour greatly affects the energy balance of the atmosphere and is also an important component of the water cycle. This thesis addresses the subject of atmospheric moisture and the processes affecting it in the Arctic and Antarctic. The studies comprising the thesis are mostly based on atmospheric reanalyses. In the polar regions, meteorological observation networks are sparse, due to their remoteness and the harsh environment, and therefore traditional observations have not provided a comprehensive picture of atmospheric conditions in the polar regions. In recent years, atmospheric reanalyses have also become more accurate in remote areas, which has enabled detailed studies of atmospheric moisture in the polar regions. In the polar regions, the mostly negative radiation budget of Earth’s atmosphere-surface system shapes the distribution of water vapour in the atmosphere, especially the vertical structure of specific humidity. The polar regions are sinks for atmospheric water vapour, due to their typically small local evaporation, and even condensation of moisture on the surface. Therefore, moisture transport from the lower latitudes balances the moisture budget in the polar regions. This type of moisture budget favours the formation of specific humidity inversions. Our results show that specific humidity inversions are common in the polar regions, and their occurrence near Earth’s surface is linked with surface conditions: radiative surface cooling, occurrence of temperature inversions in winter and cold sea surfaces or melting of sea ice in summer. Advection of warm, moist air masses over a cold surface ... |
author2 |
Langen, Peter University of Helsinki, Faculty of Science Doctoral Programme in Atmospheric Sciences Finnish Meteorological Institute Helsingin yliopisto, matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Ilmakehätieteiden tohtoriohjelma Helsingfors universitet, matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten Doktorandprogrammet i atmosfärvetenskap Vihma, Timo Nygård, Tiina |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Naakka, Tuomas |
author_facet |
Naakka, Tuomas |
author_sort |
Naakka, Tuomas |
title |
Atmospheric moisture in the Arctic and Antarctic |
title_short |
Atmospheric moisture in the Arctic and Antarctic |
title_full |
Atmospheric moisture in the Arctic and Antarctic |
title_fullStr |
Atmospheric moisture in the Arctic and Antarctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Atmospheric moisture in the Arctic and Antarctic |
title_sort |
atmospheric moisture in the arctic and antarctic |
publisher |
Helsingin yliopisto |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/339471 |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Sea ice |
op_relation |
URN:ISBN:978-952-336-151-5 Helsinki: Edita Prima Oy, 2022, Finnish Meteorological Institute Contributions. 0782-6117 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/339471 URN:ISBN:978-952-336-150-8 |
op_rights |
Julkaisu on tekijänoikeussäännösten alainen. Teosta voi lukea ja tulostaa henkilökohtaista käyttöä varten. Käyttö kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin on kielletty. This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited. Publikationen är skyddad av upphovsrätten. Den får läsas och skrivas ut för personligt bruk. Användning i kommersiellt syfte är förbjuden. |
_version_ |
1774724693028241408 |