Cryogenic land surface processes shape vegetation biomass patterns in northern European tundra
Tundra ecosystems have experienced changes in vegetation composition, distribution, and productivity over the past century due to climate warming. However, the increase in above-ground biomass may be constrained by cryogenic land surface processes that cause topsoil disturbance and variable microsit...
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/336294 2024-01-07T09:41:46+01:00 Cryogenic land surface processes shape vegetation biomass patterns in northern European tundra Aalto, Juha Niittynen, Pekka Riihimaki, Henri Luoto, Miska Institute of Biotechnology (-2009) Department of Geosciences and Geography Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS) BioGeoClimate Modelling Lab 2021-11-12T11:38:01Z 10 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/336294 eng eng Springer 10.1038/s43247-021-00292-7 J.A. and M.L. were funded by the Academy of Finland (decisions 307761, 337552, and 286950, respectively). Aalto , J , Niittynen , P , Riihimaki , H & Luoto , M 2021 , ' Cryogenic land surface processes shape vegetation biomass patterns in northern European tundra ' , Communications earth & environment , vol. 2 , no. 1 , 222 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00292-7 ORCID: /0000-0001-6203-5143/work/103091220 ORCID: /0000-0002-7290-029X/work/103097704 0fbd1c05-0978-4db2-8689-7bc3b450563a http://hdl.handle.net/10138/336294 000708870000001 cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess ICE-WEDGE DEGRADATION CLIMATE-CHANGE ARCTIC VEGETATION FEEDBACKS EQUATIONS DYNAMICS IMPACTS PERFORMANCE DISTURBANCE PERMAFROST 1172 Environmental sciences Article publishedVersion 2021 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-12-14T00:09:19Z Tundra ecosystems have experienced changes in vegetation composition, distribution, and productivity over the past century due to climate warming. However, the increase in above-ground biomass may be constrained by cryogenic land surface processes that cause topsoil disturbance and variable microsite conditions. These effects have remained unaccounted for in tundra biomass models, although they can impact multiple opposing feedbacks between the biosphere and atmosphere, ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. Here, by using field-quantified data from northern Europe, remote sensing, and machine learning, we show that cryogenic land surface processes substantially constrain above-ground biomass in tundra. The three surveyed processes (cryoturbation, solifluction, and nivation) collectively reduced biomass by an average of 123.0 g m(-2) (-30.0%). This effect was significant over landscape positions and was especially pronounced in snowbed environments, where the mean reduction in biomass was 57.3%. Our results imply that cryogenic land surface processes are pivotal in shaping future patterns of tundra biomass, as long as cryogenic ground activity is retained by climate warming. Vegetation in tundra ecosystems is constrained by cryogenic land surface processes, despite the fact that models of future biomass changes rarely take these into account, according to field and remote sensing data from northern Europe. Peer reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Ice permafrost Tundra wedge* HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository Arctic Communications Earth & Environment 2 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
ICE-WEDGE DEGRADATION CLIMATE-CHANGE ARCTIC VEGETATION FEEDBACKS EQUATIONS DYNAMICS IMPACTS PERFORMANCE DISTURBANCE PERMAFROST 1172 Environmental sciences |
spellingShingle |
ICE-WEDGE DEGRADATION CLIMATE-CHANGE ARCTIC VEGETATION FEEDBACKS EQUATIONS DYNAMICS IMPACTS PERFORMANCE DISTURBANCE PERMAFROST 1172 Environmental sciences Aalto, Juha Niittynen, Pekka Riihimaki, Henri Luoto, Miska Cryogenic land surface processes shape vegetation biomass patterns in northern European tundra |
topic_facet |
ICE-WEDGE DEGRADATION CLIMATE-CHANGE ARCTIC VEGETATION FEEDBACKS EQUATIONS DYNAMICS IMPACTS PERFORMANCE DISTURBANCE PERMAFROST 1172 Environmental sciences |
description |
Tundra ecosystems have experienced changes in vegetation composition, distribution, and productivity over the past century due to climate warming. However, the increase in above-ground biomass may be constrained by cryogenic land surface processes that cause topsoil disturbance and variable microsite conditions. These effects have remained unaccounted for in tundra biomass models, although they can impact multiple opposing feedbacks between the biosphere and atmosphere, ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. Here, by using field-quantified data from northern Europe, remote sensing, and machine learning, we show that cryogenic land surface processes substantially constrain above-ground biomass in tundra. The three surveyed processes (cryoturbation, solifluction, and nivation) collectively reduced biomass by an average of 123.0 g m(-2) (-30.0%). This effect was significant over landscape positions and was especially pronounced in snowbed environments, where the mean reduction in biomass was 57.3%. Our results imply that cryogenic land surface processes are pivotal in shaping future patterns of tundra biomass, as long as cryogenic ground activity is retained by climate warming. Vegetation in tundra ecosystems is constrained by cryogenic land surface processes, despite the fact that models of future biomass changes rarely take these into account, according to field and remote sensing data from northern Europe. Peer reviewed |
author2 |
Institute of Biotechnology (-2009) Department of Geosciences and Geography Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS) BioGeoClimate Modelling Lab |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Aalto, Juha Niittynen, Pekka Riihimaki, Henri Luoto, Miska |
author_facet |
Aalto, Juha Niittynen, Pekka Riihimaki, Henri Luoto, Miska |
author_sort |
Aalto, Juha |
title |
Cryogenic land surface processes shape vegetation biomass patterns in northern European tundra |
title_short |
Cryogenic land surface processes shape vegetation biomass patterns in northern European tundra |
title_full |
Cryogenic land surface processes shape vegetation biomass patterns in northern European tundra |
title_fullStr |
Cryogenic land surface processes shape vegetation biomass patterns in northern European tundra |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cryogenic land surface processes shape vegetation biomass patterns in northern European tundra |
title_sort |
cryogenic land surface processes shape vegetation biomass patterns in northern european tundra |
publisher |
Springer |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/336294 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Ice permafrost Tundra wedge* |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Ice permafrost Tundra wedge* |
op_relation |
10.1038/s43247-021-00292-7 J.A. and M.L. were funded by the Academy of Finland (decisions 307761, 337552, and 286950, respectively). Aalto , J , Niittynen , P , Riihimaki , H & Luoto , M 2021 , ' Cryogenic land surface processes shape vegetation biomass patterns in northern European tundra ' , Communications earth & environment , vol. 2 , no. 1 , 222 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00292-7 ORCID: /0000-0001-6203-5143/work/103091220 ORCID: /0000-0002-7290-029X/work/103097704 0fbd1c05-0978-4db2-8689-7bc3b450563a http://hdl.handle.net/10138/336294 000708870000001 |
op_rights |
cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
container_title |
Communications Earth & Environment |
container_volume |
2 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1787422565303582720 |