Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols
Anthropogenic aerosols alter the climate by scattering and absorbing the incoming solar radiation and by modifying clouds’ optical properties, causing a global cooling or warming effect. Anthropogenic aerosols are partly co-emitted with anthropogenic greenhouse gases, and future climate mitigation a...
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/335912 2023-09-05T13:17:40+02:00 Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols Nordling, Kalle Spracklen, Dominick University of Helsinki, Faculty of Science Doctoral Programme in Atmospheric Sciences Helsingin yliopisto, matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Ilmakehätieteiden tohtoriohjelma Helsingfors universitet, matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten Doktorandprogrammet i atmosfärvetenskap Merikanto, Joonas Korhonen, Hannele Järvinen, Heikki 2021-11-01T10:52:25Z application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/335912 eng eng Helsingin yliopisto Helsingfors universitet University of Helsinki URN:ISBN:978-952-336-143-0 0782-6117 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/335912 URN:ISBN:978-952-336-142-3 Julkaisu on tekijänoikeussäännösten alainen. Teosta voi lukea ja tulostaa henkilökohtaista käyttöä varten. Käyttö kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin on kielletty. This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited. Publikationen är skyddad av upphovsrätten. Den får läsas och skrivas ut för personligt bruk. Användning i kommersiellt syfte är förbjuden. ilmakehätieteet Text 114 Fysiikka 1172 Ympäristötiede 114 Fysik 1172 Miljövetenskap 114 Physical sciences 1172 Environmental sciences Doctoral dissertation (article-based) Artikkeliväitöskirja Artikelavhandling doctoralThesis 2021 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-08-16T23:00:12Z Anthropogenic aerosols alter the climate by scattering and absorbing the incoming solar radiation and by modifying clouds’ optical properties, causing a global cooling or warming effect. Anthropogenic aerosols are partly co-emitted with anthropogenic greenhouse gases, and future climate mitigation actions lead to the decline of anthropogenic aerosols’ cooling effect. However, the exact cooling effect is still uncertain. Part of this uncertainty is related to the structural differences of current climate models. This work evaluates the present-day anthropogenic aerosol temperature and precipitation effect and factors affecting the model difference. The key objectives of this thesis were: 1) What are the climate effects of present-day anthropogenic aerosols?, 2) What mechanisms drive the model-to-model differences?, and 3) How do future reductions affect local and global climates? The global models ECHAM6 and NorESM1 were used to evaluate the present-day climate effects with the identical anthropogenic aerosol scheme MACv2-SP. Results reveal that an identical anthropogenic aerosol description does not reduce the uncertainty related to anthropogenic aerosol climate effects, and the difference in the estimated difference is due to model dynamics and oceans. The key mechanism driving the difference in the models was evaluated using data from the Precipitation Driven Model Intercomparison Project (PRMIP). Similar mechanisms drive the model-to-model difference for greenhouse gases and aerosols, where the key drivers are the differences in water vapor, the vertical temperature structure of the atmosphere, and sea ice and snow cover changes. However, on a regional scale, the key drivers differ. Future anthropogenic aerosol effects were evaluated using new CMIP6 data. This work shows the importance of anthropogenic aerosols for current and future climate change. For a more accurate assessment of climate impacts of anthropogenic aerosols, one needs to also consider remote effects of the local aerosols. The Arctic regions ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Arctic Climate change Sea ice Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto Arctic |
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Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto |
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ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
ilmakehätieteet |
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ilmakehätieteet Nordling, Kalle Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
topic_facet |
ilmakehätieteet |
description |
Anthropogenic aerosols alter the climate by scattering and absorbing the incoming solar radiation and by modifying clouds’ optical properties, causing a global cooling or warming effect. Anthropogenic aerosols are partly co-emitted with anthropogenic greenhouse gases, and future climate mitigation actions lead to the decline of anthropogenic aerosols’ cooling effect. However, the exact cooling effect is still uncertain. Part of this uncertainty is related to the structural differences of current climate models. This work evaluates the present-day anthropogenic aerosol temperature and precipitation effect and factors affecting the model difference. The key objectives of this thesis were: 1) What are the climate effects of present-day anthropogenic aerosols?, 2) What mechanisms drive the model-to-model differences?, and 3) How do future reductions affect local and global climates? The global models ECHAM6 and NorESM1 were used to evaluate the present-day climate effects with the identical anthropogenic aerosol scheme MACv2-SP. Results reveal that an identical anthropogenic aerosol description does not reduce the uncertainty related to anthropogenic aerosol climate effects, and the difference in the estimated difference is due to model dynamics and oceans. The key mechanism driving the difference in the models was evaluated using data from the Precipitation Driven Model Intercomparison Project (PRMIP). Similar mechanisms drive the model-to-model difference for greenhouse gases and aerosols, where the key drivers are the differences in water vapor, the vertical temperature structure of the atmosphere, and sea ice and snow cover changes. However, on a regional scale, the key drivers differ. Future anthropogenic aerosol effects were evaluated using new CMIP6 data. This work shows the importance of anthropogenic aerosols for current and future climate change. For a more accurate assessment of climate impacts of anthropogenic aerosols, one needs to also consider remote effects of the local aerosols. The Arctic regions ... |
author2 |
Spracklen, Dominick University of Helsinki, Faculty of Science Doctoral Programme in Atmospheric Sciences Helsingin yliopisto, matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Ilmakehätieteiden tohtoriohjelma Helsingfors universitet, matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten Doktorandprogrammet i atmosfärvetenskap Merikanto, Joonas Korhonen, Hannele Järvinen, Heikki |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Nordling, Kalle |
author_facet |
Nordling, Kalle |
author_sort |
Nordling, Kalle |
title |
Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
title_short |
Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
title_full |
Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
title_fullStr |
Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
title_full_unstemmed |
Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
title_sort |
understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
publisher |
Helsingin yliopisto |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/335912 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Sea ice |
op_relation |
URN:ISBN:978-952-336-143-0 0782-6117 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/335912 URN:ISBN:978-952-336-142-3 |
op_rights |
Julkaisu on tekijänoikeussäännösten alainen. Teosta voi lukea ja tulostaa henkilökohtaista käyttöä varten. Käyttö kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin on kielletty. This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited. Publikationen är skyddad av upphovsrätten. Den får läsas och skrivas ut för personligt bruk. Användning i kommersiellt syfte är förbjuden. |
_version_ |
1776198757612781568 |