Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols
Anthropogenic aerosols alter the climate by scattering and absorbing the incoming solar radiation and by modifying clouds’ optical properties, causing a global cooling or warming effect. Anthropogenic aerosols are partly co-emitted with anthropogenic greenhouse gases, and future climate mitigation a...
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/335833 2023-08-20T04:04:56+02:00 Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols Nordling, Kalle 2021-10-29T11:02:56Z application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/335833 eng eng Ilmatieteen laitos Finnish Meteorologica Institute 10.35614/isbn.9789523361423 Finnish Meteorological Institute Contributions 176 0782-6117 978-952-336-143-0 (paperback) 978-952-336-142-3 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/335833 climate models aerosols uncertainty ilmaston mallinnus aerosolit epävarmuus Thesis 2021 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-07-28T06:07:24Z Anthropogenic aerosols alter the climate by scattering and absorbing the incoming solar radiation and by modifying clouds’ optical properties, causing a global cooling or warming effect. Anthropogenic aerosols are partly co-emitted with anthropogenic greenhouse gases, and future climate mitigation actions lead to the decline of anthropogenic aerosols’ cooling effect. However, the exact cooling effect is still uncertain. Part of this uncertainty is related to the structural differences of current climate models. This work evaluates the present-day anthropogenic aerosol temperature and precipitation effect and factors affecting the model difference. The key objectives of this thesis were: 1) What are the climate effects of present-day anthropogenic aerosols?, 2) What mechanisms drive the model-to-model differences?, and 3) How do future reductions affect local and global climates? The global models ECHAM6 and NorESM1 were used to evaluate the present-day climate effects with theidentical anthropogenic aerosol scheme MACv2-SP. Results reveal that an identical anthropogenic aerosol description does not reduce the uncertainty related to anthropogenic aerosol climate effects, and the difference in the estimated difference is due to model dynamics and oceans. The key mechanism driving the difference in the models was evaluated using data from the Precipitation Driven Model Intercomparison Project (PRMIP). Similar mechanisms drive the model-to-model difference for greenhouse gases and aerosols, where the key drivers are the differences in water vapor, the vertical temperature structure of the atmosphere, and sea ice and snow cover changes. However, on a regional scale, the key drivers differ. Future anthropogenic aerosol effects were evaluated using new CMIP6 data. This work shows the importance of anthropogenic aerosols for current and future climate change. For amore accurate assessment of climate impacts of anthropogenic aerosols, one needs to also consider remote effects of the local aerosols. The Arctic regions are ... Thesis Arctic Climate change Sea ice Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto Arctic |
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Open Polar |
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Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
climate models aerosols uncertainty ilmaston mallinnus aerosolit epävarmuus |
spellingShingle |
climate models aerosols uncertainty ilmaston mallinnus aerosolit epävarmuus Nordling, Kalle Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
topic_facet |
climate models aerosols uncertainty ilmaston mallinnus aerosolit epävarmuus |
description |
Anthropogenic aerosols alter the climate by scattering and absorbing the incoming solar radiation and by modifying clouds’ optical properties, causing a global cooling or warming effect. Anthropogenic aerosols are partly co-emitted with anthropogenic greenhouse gases, and future climate mitigation actions lead to the decline of anthropogenic aerosols’ cooling effect. However, the exact cooling effect is still uncertain. Part of this uncertainty is related to the structural differences of current climate models. This work evaluates the present-day anthropogenic aerosol temperature and precipitation effect and factors affecting the model difference. The key objectives of this thesis were: 1) What are the climate effects of present-day anthropogenic aerosols?, 2) What mechanisms drive the model-to-model differences?, and 3) How do future reductions affect local and global climates? The global models ECHAM6 and NorESM1 were used to evaluate the present-day climate effects with theidentical anthropogenic aerosol scheme MACv2-SP. Results reveal that an identical anthropogenic aerosol description does not reduce the uncertainty related to anthropogenic aerosol climate effects, and the difference in the estimated difference is due to model dynamics and oceans. The key mechanism driving the difference in the models was evaluated using data from the Precipitation Driven Model Intercomparison Project (PRMIP). Similar mechanisms drive the model-to-model difference for greenhouse gases and aerosols, where the key drivers are the differences in water vapor, the vertical temperature structure of the atmosphere, and sea ice and snow cover changes. However, on a regional scale, the key drivers differ. Future anthropogenic aerosol effects were evaluated using new CMIP6 data. This work shows the importance of anthropogenic aerosols for current and future climate change. For amore accurate assessment of climate impacts of anthropogenic aerosols, one needs to also consider remote effects of the local aerosols. The Arctic regions are ... |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Nordling, Kalle |
author_facet |
Nordling, Kalle |
author_sort |
Nordling, Kalle |
title |
Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
title_short |
Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
title_full |
Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
title_fullStr |
Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
title_full_unstemmed |
Understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
title_sort |
understanding the climate effects of anthropogenic aerosols |
publisher |
Ilmatieteen laitos |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/335833 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Sea ice |
op_relation |
10.35614/isbn.9789523361423 Finnish Meteorological Institute Contributions 176 0782-6117 978-952-336-143-0 (paperback) 978-952-336-142-3 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/335833 |
_version_ |
1774715357507878912 |