Reviews and syntheses : Arctic fire regimes and emissions in the 21st century
In recent years, the pan-Arctic region has experienced increasingly extreme fire seasons. Fires in the northern high latitudes are driven by current and future climate change, lightning, fuel conditions, and human activity. In this context, conceptualizing and parameterizing current and future Arcti...
Published in: | Biogeosciences |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | |
Format: | Review |
Language: | English |
Published: |
COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10138/334841 |
id |
ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/334841 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
1171 Geosciences |
spellingShingle |
1171 Geosciences McCarty, Jessica L. Aalto, Juha Paunu, Ville-Veikko Arnold, Steve R. Eckhardt, Sabine Klimont, Zbigniew Fain, Justin J. Evangeliou, Nikolaos Venalainen, Ari Tchebakova, Nadezhda M. Parfenova, Elena Kupiainen, Kaarle Soja, Amber J. Huang, Lin Wilson, Simon Reviews and syntheses : Arctic fire regimes and emissions in the 21st century |
topic_facet |
1171 Geosciences |
description |
In recent years, the pan-Arctic region has experienced increasingly extreme fire seasons. Fires in the northern high latitudes are driven by current and future climate change, lightning, fuel conditions, and human activity. In this context, conceptualizing and parameterizing current and future Arctic fire regimes will be important for fire and land management as well as understanding current and predicting future fire emissions. The objectives of this review were driven by policy questions identified by the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) Working Group and posed to its Expert Group on Short-Lived Climate Forcers. This review synthesizes current understanding of the changing Arctic and boreal fire regimes, particularly as fire activity and its response to future climate change in the pan-Arctic have consequences for Arctic Council states aiming to mitigate and adapt to climate change in the north. The conclusions from our synthesis are the following. (1) Current and future Arctic fires, and the adjacent boreal region, are driven by natural (i.e. lightning) and human-caused ignition sources, including fires caused by timber and energy extraction, prescribed burning for landscape management, and tourism activities. Little is published in the scientific literature about cultural burning by Indigenous populations across the pan-Arctic, and questions remain on the source of ignitions above 70 degrees N in Arctic Russia. (2) Climate change is expected to make Arctic fires more likely by increasing the likelihood of extreme fire weather, increased lightning activity, and drier vegetative and ground fuel conditions. (3) To some extent, shifting agricultural land use and forest transitions from forest-steppe to steppe, tundra to taiga, and coniferous to deciduous in a warmer climate may increase and decrease open biomass burning, depending on land use in addition to climate-driven biome shifts. However, at the country and landscape scales, these relationships are not well established. (4) Current black ... |
author2 |
Institute of Biotechnology (-2009) |
format |
Review |
author |
McCarty, Jessica L. Aalto, Juha Paunu, Ville-Veikko Arnold, Steve R. Eckhardt, Sabine Klimont, Zbigniew Fain, Justin J. Evangeliou, Nikolaos Venalainen, Ari Tchebakova, Nadezhda M. Parfenova, Elena Kupiainen, Kaarle Soja, Amber J. Huang, Lin Wilson, Simon |
author_facet |
McCarty, Jessica L. Aalto, Juha Paunu, Ville-Veikko Arnold, Steve R. Eckhardt, Sabine Klimont, Zbigniew Fain, Justin J. Evangeliou, Nikolaos Venalainen, Ari Tchebakova, Nadezhda M. Parfenova, Elena Kupiainen, Kaarle Soja, Amber J. Huang, Lin Wilson, Simon |
author_sort |
McCarty, Jessica L. |
title |
Reviews and syntheses : Arctic fire regimes and emissions in the 21st century |
title_short |
Reviews and syntheses : Arctic fire regimes and emissions in the 21st century |
title_full |
Reviews and syntheses : Arctic fire regimes and emissions in the 21st century |
title_fullStr |
Reviews and syntheses : Arctic fire regimes and emissions in the 21st century |
title_full_unstemmed |
Reviews and syntheses : Arctic fire regimes and emissions in the 21st century |
title_sort |
reviews and syntheses : arctic fire regimes and emissions in the 21st century |
publisher |
COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/334841 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
AMAP Arctic Arctic Council Arctic Climate change taiga Tundra |
genre_facet |
AMAP Arctic Arctic Council Arctic Climate change taiga Tundra |
op_relation |
10.5194/bg-18-5053-2021 This research has been supported by Miami University, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland (IBA Forest Fires, decision PC0TQ4BT-53); Business Finland (BC Footprint; grant no. 1462/31/2019); the ACRoBEAR project, funded by the Belmont Forum Climate, Environment and Health (CEH) Collaborative Research Action and the UK Natural Environment Research Council (grant no. NE/T013672/1); the Arctic Monitoring and As-sessment Programme (AMAP); the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR grant no. 19-45-240004); a joint project of the Government of Krasnoyarsk Territory and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (GKT KRFS and RFBR grant no. 20-05-00540); NASA's Weather and Data Analysis programme; and the Climate Adaptation Research Fund from Environment and Climate Change Canada. Portions of this publication were produced with the financial support of the European Union via the EU-funded Action on Black Carbon in the Arctic. Its contents are the sole responsibility of Jessica L. McCarty, Ville-Veikko Paunu, Zbigniew Klimont, and Justin J. Fain and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union. McCarty , J L , Aalto , J , Paunu , V-V , Arnold , S R , Eckhardt , S , Klimont , Z , Fain , J J , Evangeliou , N , Venalainen , A , Tchebakova , N M , Parfenova , E , Kupiainen , K , Soja , A J , Huang , L & Wilson , S 2021 , ' Reviews and syntheses : Arctic fire regimes and emissions in the 21st century ' , Biogeosciences , vol. 18 , no. 18 , pp. 5053-5083 . https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5053-2021 c54d218c-fbd3-464f-8b72-3b9173361ccd http://hdl.handle.net/10138/334841 000696468700002 |
op_rights |
cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
18 |
container_start_page |
5053 |
op_container_end_page |
5083 |
_version_ |
1787430167620091904 |
spelling |
ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/334841 2024-01-07T09:38:09+01:00 Reviews and syntheses : Arctic fire regimes and emissions in the 21st century McCarty, Jessica L. Aalto, Juha Paunu, Ville-Veikko Arnold, Steve R. Eckhardt, Sabine Klimont, Zbigniew Fain, Justin J. Evangeliou, Nikolaos Venalainen, Ari Tchebakova, Nadezhda M. Parfenova, Elena Kupiainen, Kaarle Soja, Amber J. Huang, Lin Wilson, Simon Institute of Biotechnology (-2009) 2021-10-01T14:09:01Z 31 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/334841 eng eng COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH 10.5194/bg-18-5053-2021 This research has been supported by Miami University, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland (IBA Forest Fires, decision PC0TQ4BT-53); Business Finland (BC Footprint; grant no. 1462/31/2019); the ACRoBEAR project, funded by the Belmont Forum Climate, Environment and Health (CEH) Collaborative Research Action and the UK Natural Environment Research Council (grant no. NE/T013672/1); the Arctic Monitoring and As-sessment Programme (AMAP); the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR grant no. 19-45-240004); a joint project of the Government of Krasnoyarsk Territory and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (GKT KRFS and RFBR grant no. 20-05-00540); NASA's Weather and Data Analysis programme; and the Climate Adaptation Research Fund from Environment and Climate Change Canada. Portions of this publication were produced with the financial support of the European Union via the EU-funded Action on Black Carbon in the Arctic. Its contents are the sole responsibility of Jessica L. McCarty, Ville-Veikko Paunu, Zbigniew Klimont, and Justin J. Fain and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union. McCarty , J L , Aalto , J , Paunu , V-V , Arnold , S R , Eckhardt , S , Klimont , Z , Fain , J J , Evangeliou , N , Venalainen , A , Tchebakova , N M , Parfenova , E , Kupiainen , K , Soja , A J , Huang , L & Wilson , S 2021 , ' Reviews and syntheses : Arctic fire regimes and emissions in the 21st century ' , Biogeosciences , vol. 18 , no. 18 , pp. 5053-5083 . https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5053-2021 c54d218c-fbd3-464f-8b72-3b9173361ccd http://hdl.handle.net/10138/334841 000696468700002 cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess 1171 Geosciences Review Article publishedVersion 2021 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-12-14T00:15:12Z In recent years, the pan-Arctic region has experienced increasingly extreme fire seasons. Fires in the northern high latitudes are driven by current and future climate change, lightning, fuel conditions, and human activity. In this context, conceptualizing and parameterizing current and future Arctic fire regimes will be important for fire and land management as well as understanding current and predicting future fire emissions. The objectives of this review were driven by policy questions identified by the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) Working Group and posed to its Expert Group on Short-Lived Climate Forcers. This review synthesizes current understanding of the changing Arctic and boreal fire regimes, particularly as fire activity and its response to future climate change in the pan-Arctic have consequences for Arctic Council states aiming to mitigate and adapt to climate change in the north. The conclusions from our synthesis are the following. (1) Current and future Arctic fires, and the adjacent boreal region, are driven by natural (i.e. lightning) and human-caused ignition sources, including fires caused by timber and energy extraction, prescribed burning for landscape management, and tourism activities. Little is published in the scientific literature about cultural burning by Indigenous populations across the pan-Arctic, and questions remain on the source of ignitions above 70 degrees N in Arctic Russia. (2) Climate change is expected to make Arctic fires more likely by increasing the likelihood of extreme fire weather, increased lightning activity, and drier vegetative and ground fuel conditions. (3) To some extent, shifting agricultural land use and forest transitions from forest-steppe to steppe, tundra to taiga, and coniferous to deciduous in a warmer climate may increase and decrease open biomass burning, depending on land use in addition to climate-driven biome shifts. However, at the country and landscape scales, these relationships are not well established. (4) Current black ... Review AMAP Arctic Arctic Council Arctic Climate change taiga Tundra HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository Arctic Biogeosciences 18 18 5053 5083 |