Captive-bred Atlantic salmon released into the wild have fewer offspring than wild-bred fish and decrease population productivity
The release of captive-bred animals into the wild is commonly practised to restore or supplement wild populations but comes with a suite of ecological and genetic consequences. Vast numbers of hatchery-reared fish are released annually, ostensibly to restore/enhance wild populations or provide great...
Published in: | Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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ROYAL BELGIAN SOC EAR, NOSE, THROAT, HEAD & NECK SURGERY
2020
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10138/322118 |
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/322118 2024-01-07T09:42:12+01:00 Captive-bred Atlantic salmon released into the wild have fewer offspring than wild-bred fish and decrease population productivity O'Sullivan, Ronan James Aykanat, Tutku Johnston, Susan E. Rogan, Ger Poole, Russell Prodohl, Paulo A. de Eyto, Elvira Primmer, Craig R. McGinnity, Philip Reed, Thomas Eric Evolution, Conservation, and Genomics Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme Biosciences Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS) Institute of Biotechnology 2020-11-30T09:50:01Z 8 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/322118 eng eng ROYAL BELGIAN SOC EAR, NOSE, THROAT, HEAD & NECK SURGERY 10.1098/rspb.2020.1671 R.J.O., T.E.R., P.M. and P.A.P. were supported by Science Foundation Ireland, the Marine Institute and the Department for the Economy, Northern Ireland, under the Investigators Programme Grant Number SFI/15/IA/3028. P.M. also received support from a Beaufort Marine Research Award in Fish Population Genetics from Rialtas na hEireann. TER was funded by an ERC Starting Grant (639192) and an SFI ERC Support Award. R.P., G.R., E.d.E. and the long-term salmon sampling and data collection were funded by the Marine Institute, Ireland. T.A., S.E.J. and C.R.P. were funded by the Academy of Finland (grant numbers 141231, 137710, 307593, 302873 and 31939). O'Sullivan , R J , Aykanat , T , Johnston , S E , Rogan , G , Poole , R , Prodohl , P A , de Eyto , E , Primmer , C R , McGinnity , P & Reed , T E 2020 , ' Captive-bred Atlantic salmon released into the wild have fewer offspring than wild-bred fish and decrease population productivity ' , Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Biological Sciences , vol. 287 , no. 1937 , 20201671 . https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.1671 ORCID: /0000-0002-3687-8435/work/84706547 85094220212 f5538529-4085-4f9e-a587-c70399398737 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/322118 000586460200007 cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess captive breeding stocking Atlantic salmon lifetime reproductive success REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS STEELHEAD TROUT HATCHERY PROGRAMS BROWN TROUT FITNESS SALAR CONSERVATION CONSEQUENCES SELECTION 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology Article publishedVersion 2020 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-12-14T00:06:46Z The release of captive-bred animals into the wild is commonly practised to restore or supplement wild populations but comes with a suite of ecological and genetic consequences. Vast numbers of hatchery-reared fish are released annually, ostensibly to restore/enhance wild populations or provide greater angling returns. While previous studies have shown that captive-bred fish perform poorly in the wild relative to wild-bred conspecifics, few have measured individual lifetime reproductive success (LRS) and how this affects population productivity. Here, we analyse data on Atlantic salmon from an intensely studied catchment into which varying numbers of captive-bred fish have escaped/been released and potentially bred over several decades. Using a molecular pedigree, we demonstrate that, on average, the LRS of captive-bred individuals was only 36% that of wild-bred individuals. A significant LRS difference remained after excluding individuals that left no surviving offspring, some of which might have simply failed to spawn, consistent with transgenerational effects on offspring survival. The annual productivity of the mixed population (wild-bred plus captive-bred) was lower in years where captive-bred fish comprised a greater fraction of potential spawners. These results bolster previous empirical and theoretical findings that intentional stocking, or non-intentional escapees, threaten, rather than enhance, recipient natural populations. Peer reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287 1937 20201671 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
captive breeding stocking Atlantic salmon lifetime reproductive success REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS STEELHEAD TROUT HATCHERY PROGRAMS BROWN TROUT FITNESS SALAR CONSERVATION CONSEQUENCES SELECTION 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology |
spellingShingle |
captive breeding stocking Atlantic salmon lifetime reproductive success REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS STEELHEAD TROUT HATCHERY PROGRAMS BROWN TROUT FITNESS SALAR CONSERVATION CONSEQUENCES SELECTION 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology O'Sullivan, Ronan James Aykanat, Tutku Johnston, Susan E. Rogan, Ger Poole, Russell Prodohl, Paulo A. de Eyto, Elvira Primmer, Craig R. McGinnity, Philip Reed, Thomas Eric Captive-bred Atlantic salmon released into the wild have fewer offspring than wild-bred fish and decrease population productivity |
topic_facet |
captive breeding stocking Atlantic salmon lifetime reproductive success REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS STEELHEAD TROUT HATCHERY PROGRAMS BROWN TROUT FITNESS SALAR CONSERVATION CONSEQUENCES SELECTION 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology |
description |
The release of captive-bred animals into the wild is commonly practised to restore or supplement wild populations but comes with a suite of ecological and genetic consequences. Vast numbers of hatchery-reared fish are released annually, ostensibly to restore/enhance wild populations or provide greater angling returns. While previous studies have shown that captive-bred fish perform poorly in the wild relative to wild-bred conspecifics, few have measured individual lifetime reproductive success (LRS) and how this affects population productivity. Here, we analyse data on Atlantic salmon from an intensely studied catchment into which varying numbers of captive-bred fish have escaped/been released and potentially bred over several decades. Using a molecular pedigree, we demonstrate that, on average, the LRS of captive-bred individuals was only 36% that of wild-bred individuals. A significant LRS difference remained after excluding individuals that left no surviving offspring, some of which might have simply failed to spawn, consistent with transgenerational effects on offspring survival. The annual productivity of the mixed population (wild-bred plus captive-bred) was lower in years where captive-bred fish comprised a greater fraction of potential spawners. These results bolster previous empirical and theoretical findings that intentional stocking, or non-intentional escapees, threaten, rather than enhance, recipient natural populations. Peer reviewed |
author2 |
Evolution, Conservation, and Genomics Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme Biosciences Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS) Institute of Biotechnology |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
O'Sullivan, Ronan James Aykanat, Tutku Johnston, Susan E. Rogan, Ger Poole, Russell Prodohl, Paulo A. de Eyto, Elvira Primmer, Craig R. McGinnity, Philip Reed, Thomas Eric |
author_facet |
O'Sullivan, Ronan James Aykanat, Tutku Johnston, Susan E. Rogan, Ger Poole, Russell Prodohl, Paulo A. de Eyto, Elvira Primmer, Craig R. McGinnity, Philip Reed, Thomas Eric |
author_sort |
O'Sullivan, Ronan James |
title |
Captive-bred Atlantic salmon released into the wild have fewer offspring than wild-bred fish and decrease population productivity |
title_short |
Captive-bred Atlantic salmon released into the wild have fewer offspring than wild-bred fish and decrease population productivity |
title_full |
Captive-bred Atlantic salmon released into the wild have fewer offspring than wild-bred fish and decrease population productivity |
title_fullStr |
Captive-bred Atlantic salmon released into the wild have fewer offspring than wild-bred fish and decrease population productivity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Captive-bred Atlantic salmon released into the wild have fewer offspring than wild-bred fish and decrease population productivity |
title_sort |
captive-bred atlantic salmon released into the wild have fewer offspring than wild-bred fish and decrease population productivity |
publisher |
ROYAL BELGIAN SOC EAR, NOSE, THROAT, HEAD & NECK SURGERY |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/322118 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_relation |
10.1098/rspb.2020.1671 R.J.O., T.E.R., P.M. and P.A.P. were supported by Science Foundation Ireland, the Marine Institute and the Department for the Economy, Northern Ireland, under the Investigators Programme Grant Number SFI/15/IA/3028. P.M. also received support from a Beaufort Marine Research Award in Fish Population Genetics from Rialtas na hEireann. TER was funded by an ERC Starting Grant (639192) and an SFI ERC Support Award. R.P., G.R., E.d.E. and the long-term salmon sampling and data collection were funded by the Marine Institute, Ireland. T.A., S.E.J. and C.R.P. were funded by the Academy of Finland (grant numbers 141231, 137710, 307593, 302873 and 31939). O'Sullivan , R J , Aykanat , T , Johnston , S E , Rogan , G , Poole , R , Prodohl , P A , de Eyto , E , Primmer , C R , McGinnity , P & Reed , T E 2020 , ' Captive-bred Atlantic salmon released into the wild have fewer offspring than wild-bred fish and decrease population productivity ' , Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Biological Sciences , vol. 287 , no. 1937 , 20201671 . https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.1671 ORCID: /0000-0002-3687-8435/work/84706547 85094220212 f5538529-4085-4f9e-a587-c70399398737 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/322118 000586460200007 |
op_rights |
cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
container_title |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
container_volume |
287 |
container_issue |
1937 |
container_start_page |
20201671 |
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1787423136728219648 |