Phosphorus losses from grasslands in short-term ley rotations under boreal conditions
Grasslands occupy 45% of agricultural land in Finland, but in provinces characterised by grassland-based dairy production the proportion can be 67%. Phosphorus (P) loads from grasslands to inland waters have received relatively little research attention. In the Finnish climate, soils are subjected t...
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Helsingin yliopisto
2020
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/321521 2023-08-20T04:08:44+02:00 Phosphorus losses from grasslands in short-term ley rotations under boreal conditions Räty, Mari Ventelä, Anne-Mari University of Helsinki, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Agricultural Sciences Doctoral Programme in Sustainable Use of Renewable Natural Resources Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Maaninka, Finland Helsingin yliopisto, maatalous-metsätieteellinen tiedekunta Uusiutuvien luonnonvarojen kestävän käytön tohtoriohjelma Helsingfors universitet, agrikultur-forstvetenskapliga fakulteten Doktorandprogrammet i hållbart utnyttjande av förnybara naturresurser Yli-Halla, Markku Soinne, Helena Virkajärvi, Perttu 2020-11-16T05:27:13Z application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/321521 eng eng Helsingin yliopisto Helsingfors universitet University of Helsinki URN:ISBN:978-952-380-098-4 Juvenes Print, http://luke.juvenesprint.fi: Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki 2020, 2020, Natural resources and bioeconomy studies. 2342-7647 Natural resources and bioeconomy studies URN:ISSN:2342-7639 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/321521 URN:ISBN:978-952-380-099-1 Julkaisu on tekijänoikeussäännösten alainen. Teosta voi lukea ja tulostaa henkilökohtaista käyttöä varten. Käyttö kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin on kielletty. This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited. Publikationen är skyddad av upphovsrätten. Den får läsas och skrivas ut för personligt bruk. Användning i kommersiellt syfte är förbjuden. maataloustiede ympäristötiede Text Doctoral dissertation (article-based) Artikkeliväitöskirja Artikelavhandling doctoralThesis 2020 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-07-28T06:13:15Z Grasslands occupy 45% of agricultural land in Finland, but in provinces characterised by grassland-based dairy production the proportion can be 67%. Phosphorus (P) loads from grasslands to inland waters have received relatively little research attention. In the Finnish climate, soils are subjected to frost in winter and snowfall comprises a considerable part of total annual precipitation. Surface runoff is generated by limited infiltration of snowmelt water into partially frozen soil in spring, which is a crucial period for dissolved nutrient and soil particle transport, especially in central and northern Finland. This thesis examined the role of perennial grass vegetation in P dynamics in the soil-plant-water continuum and quantified P losses from grasslands under boreal conditions. Potential contributions of perennial vegetation to P losses were estimated indirectly, by determining changes in nutrient content of aboveground vegetation. Susceptibility of overwintering perennial ley regrowth to deliver P was assessed in a simulated snowmelt-induced surface runoff study. These approaches were complemented with five-year monitoring of a small (3.2 km2) agricultural and forested catchment, representing grassland-based dairy production areas in east-central Finland. Amount and inter-annual variation in P losses and erosion rate were quantified. The results showed that grasslands can release substantial amounts of plant-derived P when exposed to frost, freezing and thawing. Elevated P concentrations and losses of up to 0.69 kg ha-1 were detected in simulated snowmelt-induced runoff outflow. Higher P concentrations were also occasionally measured in early spring runoff at small catchment scale. More frequent freezing/thawing will enhance plant-derived P release, especially under a reduced snow layer and lack of insulating cover. In five-year monitoring of an agricultural sub-catchment with short-terms leys, where some fields were under grassland and others under cereals, mean annual total P (TP) losses were 1.0 kg ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Northern Finland Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
maataloustiede ympäristötiede |
spellingShingle |
maataloustiede ympäristötiede Räty, Mari Phosphorus losses from grasslands in short-term ley rotations under boreal conditions |
topic_facet |
maataloustiede ympäristötiede |
description |
Grasslands occupy 45% of agricultural land in Finland, but in provinces characterised by grassland-based dairy production the proportion can be 67%. Phosphorus (P) loads from grasslands to inland waters have received relatively little research attention. In the Finnish climate, soils are subjected to frost in winter and snowfall comprises a considerable part of total annual precipitation. Surface runoff is generated by limited infiltration of snowmelt water into partially frozen soil in spring, which is a crucial period for dissolved nutrient and soil particle transport, especially in central and northern Finland. This thesis examined the role of perennial grass vegetation in P dynamics in the soil-plant-water continuum and quantified P losses from grasslands under boreal conditions. Potential contributions of perennial vegetation to P losses were estimated indirectly, by determining changes in nutrient content of aboveground vegetation. Susceptibility of overwintering perennial ley regrowth to deliver P was assessed in a simulated snowmelt-induced surface runoff study. These approaches were complemented with five-year monitoring of a small (3.2 km2) agricultural and forested catchment, representing grassland-based dairy production areas in east-central Finland. Amount and inter-annual variation in P losses and erosion rate were quantified. The results showed that grasslands can release substantial amounts of plant-derived P when exposed to frost, freezing and thawing. Elevated P concentrations and losses of up to 0.69 kg ha-1 were detected in simulated snowmelt-induced runoff outflow. Higher P concentrations were also occasionally measured in early spring runoff at small catchment scale. More frequent freezing/thawing will enhance plant-derived P release, especially under a reduced snow layer and lack of insulating cover. In five-year monitoring of an agricultural sub-catchment with short-terms leys, where some fields were under grassland and others under cereals, mean annual total P (TP) losses were 1.0 kg ... |
author2 |
Ventelä, Anne-Mari University of Helsinki, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Agricultural Sciences Doctoral Programme in Sustainable Use of Renewable Natural Resources Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Maaninka, Finland Helsingin yliopisto, maatalous-metsätieteellinen tiedekunta Uusiutuvien luonnonvarojen kestävän käytön tohtoriohjelma Helsingfors universitet, agrikultur-forstvetenskapliga fakulteten Doktorandprogrammet i hållbart utnyttjande av förnybara naturresurser Yli-Halla, Markku Soinne, Helena Virkajärvi, Perttu |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Räty, Mari |
author_facet |
Räty, Mari |
author_sort |
Räty, Mari |
title |
Phosphorus losses from grasslands in short-term ley rotations under boreal conditions |
title_short |
Phosphorus losses from grasslands in short-term ley rotations under boreal conditions |
title_full |
Phosphorus losses from grasslands in short-term ley rotations under boreal conditions |
title_fullStr |
Phosphorus losses from grasslands in short-term ley rotations under boreal conditions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Phosphorus losses from grasslands in short-term ley rotations under boreal conditions |
title_sort |
phosphorus losses from grasslands in short-term ley rotations under boreal conditions |
publisher |
Helsingin yliopisto |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/321521 |
genre |
Northern Finland |
genre_facet |
Northern Finland |
op_relation |
URN:ISBN:978-952-380-098-4 Juvenes Print, http://luke.juvenesprint.fi: Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki 2020, 2020, Natural resources and bioeconomy studies. 2342-7647 Natural resources and bioeconomy studies URN:ISSN:2342-7639 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/321521 URN:ISBN:978-952-380-099-1 |
op_rights |
Julkaisu on tekijänoikeussäännösten alainen. Teosta voi lukea ja tulostaa henkilökohtaista käyttöä varten. Käyttö kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin on kielletty. This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited. Publikationen är skyddad av upphovsrätten. Den får läsas och skrivas ut för personligt bruk. Användning i kommersiellt syfte är förbjuden. |
_version_ |
1774721175860019200 |