Deriving nitrogen critical levels and loads based on the responses of acidophytic lichen communities on boreal urban Pinus sylvestris trunks

The deposition of reactive nitrogen (N) compounds currently predominates over sulphur (S) deposition in most of the cities in Europe and North America. Acidophytic lichens growing on tree trunks are known to be sensitive to both N and S deposition. Given that tree species and climatic factors affect...

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Published in:Science of The Total Environment
Main Author: Manninen, Sirkku
Other Authors: Environmental Sciences, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS)
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Elsevier Scientific Publ. Co 2020
Subjects:
Acidophyte frequencies
Ammonium
Bark N
Lichen N
Nitrogen dioxide
Nitrate
EPIPHYTIC LICHENS
ATMOSPHERIC NITROGEN
DEPOSITION GRADIENT
QUERCUS-PETRAEA
HYPOGYMNIA-PHYSODES
PLATISMATIA-GLAUCA
STEMFLOW CHEMISTRY
REACTIVE NITROGEN
WESTERN OREGON
DRY DEPOSITION
1172 Environmental sciences
Northern Finland
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10138/310804
id ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/310804
record_format openpolar
institution Open Polar
collection HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository
op_collection_id ftunivhelsihelda
language English
topic Acidophyte frequencies
Ammonium
Bark N
Lichen N
Nitrogen dioxide
Nitrate
EPIPHYTIC LICHENS
ATMOSPHERIC NITROGEN
DEPOSITION GRADIENT
QUERCUS-PETRAEA
HYPOGYMNIA-PHYSODES
PLATISMATIA-GLAUCA
STEMFLOW CHEMISTRY
REACTIVE NITROGEN
WESTERN OREGON
DRY DEPOSITION
1172 Environmental sciences
spellingShingle Acidophyte frequencies
Ammonium
Bark N
Lichen N
Nitrogen dioxide
Nitrate
EPIPHYTIC LICHENS
ATMOSPHERIC NITROGEN
DEPOSITION GRADIENT
QUERCUS-PETRAEA
HYPOGYMNIA-PHYSODES
PLATISMATIA-GLAUCA
STEMFLOW CHEMISTRY
REACTIVE NITROGEN
WESTERN OREGON
DRY DEPOSITION
1172 Environmental sciences
Manninen, Sirkku
Deriving nitrogen critical levels and loads based on the responses of acidophytic lichen communities on boreal urban Pinus sylvestris trunks
topic_facet Acidophyte frequencies
Ammonium
Bark N
Lichen N
Nitrogen dioxide
Nitrate
EPIPHYTIC LICHENS
ATMOSPHERIC NITROGEN
DEPOSITION GRADIENT
QUERCUS-PETRAEA
HYPOGYMNIA-PHYSODES
PLATISMATIA-GLAUCA
STEMFLOW CHEMISTRY
REACTIVE NITROGEN
WESTERN OREGON
DRY DEPOSITION
1172 Environmental sciences
description The deposition of reactive nitrogen (N) compounds currently predominates over sulphur (S) deposition in most of the cities in Europe and North America. Acidophytic lichens growing on tree trunks are known to be sensitive to both N and S deposition. Given that tree species and climatic factors affect the composition of epiphytic lichen communities and modify lichen responses to air pollution, this study focused on the impact of urban air pollution on acidophytes growing on boreal conifer trunks. The study was performed in the Helsinki metropolitan area, southern Finland, where annual mean nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations range from 4-5 mu g m(-3) to > 50 mu g m(-3). In addition, background forest sites in southern and northern Finland were included. The results demonstrated elevated N contents (>= 0.7%) in Hypogymnia physodes and Platismatia glauca at all the sites where the species occurred. In the Helsinki metropolitan area, a higher frequency of green algae + Scoliociosporum chlorococcum and reduced numerical frequencies of other indicator lichen species (e.g. Pseudevernia furfuracea, Bryoria spp., Usnea spp.) were associated with elevated atmospheric concentrations of NO2 and particulate matter containing N, as well as elevated concentrations of inorganic N in bark. The N isotope values (delta N-15) of lichens supported the uptake of oxidized N mainly originating from road traffic. Sulphur dioxide (SO2) also negatively affected the most sensitive species, despite the current low levels (1-4 mu g m(-3) yr(-1)). Critical levels of 5 mu g NO2 m(-3) yr(-1) and 0.5 mu g NH3 m(-3) yr(-1), and a critical load of 2-3 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) are proposed for protecting the diversity of boreal acidophytes. This study calls for measurements of the throughfall of various N fractions in urban forest ecosystems along precipitation and temperature gradients to verify the proposed critical levels and loads. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Peer reviewed
author2 Environmental Sciences
Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS)
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Manninen, Sirkku
author_facet Manninen, Sirkku
author_sort Manninen, Sirkku
title Deriving nitrogen critical levels and loads based on the responses of acidophytic lichen communities on boreal urban Pinus sylvestris trunks
title_short Deriving nitrogen critical levels and loads based on the responses of acidophytic lichen communities on boreal urban Pinus sylvestris trunks
title_full Deriving nitrogen critical levels and loads based on the responses of acidophytic lichen communities on boreal urban Pinus sylvestris trunks
title_fullStr Deriving nitrogen critical levels and loads based on the responses of acidophytic lichen communities on boreal urban Pinus sylvestris trunks
title_full_unstemmed Deriving nitrogen critical levels and loads based on the responses of acidophytic lichen communities on boreal urban Pinus sylvestris trunks
title_sort deriving nitrogen critical levels and loads based on the responses of acidophytic lichen communities on boreal urban pinus sylvestris trunks
publisher Elsevier Scientific Publ. Co
publishDate 2020
url http://hdl.handle.net/10138/310804
genre Northern Finland
genre_facet Northern Finland
op_relation 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.150
I thank the City of Helsinki (Timo Virtanen) and Metsahallitus (Henrik Johansson, Harri Karjalainen, Pauliina Kulmala) for permission to conduct the study in the urban forests and national parks, respectively. Laura Arppe and Hanna Turunen (Laboratory of Chronology, Finnish Museum of Natural History - LUOMUS, University of Helsinki) are acknowledged for the N isotope analysis, Marjut Wallner (Department of Forest Ecology, University of Helsinki) for the total C and N analyses of the lichens and ICP analyses of the bark, and Riitta Ilola and Jaakko Vainionpaa (Lammi Biological Station, University of Helsinki) for the analyses of inorganic N fractions in bark. Financial support for the study was obtained from the Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki. Two anonymous reviewers are thanked for their good comments. Special thanks are dedicated to Dr. Richard V. Pouyat, USDA Forest Service, for sharing interest in this topic. The language was revised by Roy Siddall, University of Helsinki.
Manninen , S 2018 , ' Deriving nitrogen critical levels and loads based on the responses of acidophytic lichen communities on boreal urban Pinus sylvestris trunks ' , The Science of the Total Environment , vol. 613-614 , pp. 751-762 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.150
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container_title Science of The Total Environment
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spelling ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/310804 2024-01-07T09:45:29+01:00 Deriving nitrogen critical levels and loads based on the responses of acidophytic lichen communities on boreal urban Pinus sylvestris trunks Manninen, Sirkku Environmental Sciences Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS) 2020-02-01T03:08:22Z 12 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/310804 eng eng Elsevier Scientific Publ. Co 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.150 I thank the City of Helsinki (Timo Virtanen) and Metsahallitus (Henrik Johansson, Harri Karjalainen, Pauliina Kulmala) for permission to conduct the study in the urban forests and national parks, respectively. Laura Arppe and Hanna Turunen (Laboratory of Chronology, Finnish Museum of Natural History - LUOMUS, University of Helsinki) are acknowledged for the N isotope analysis, Marjut Wallner (Department of Forest Ecology, University of Helsinki) for the total C and N analyses of the lichens and ICP analyses of the bark, and Riitta Ilola and Jaakko Vainionpaa (Lammi Biological Station, University of Helsinki) for the analyses of inorganic N fractions in bark. Financial support for the study was obtained from the Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki. Two anonymous reviewers are thanked for their good comments. Special thanks are dedicated to Dr. Richard V. Pouyat, USDA Forest Service, for sharing interest in this topic. The language was revised by Roy Siddall, University of Helsinki. Manninen , S 2018 , ' Deriving nitrogen critical levels and loads based on the responses of acidophytic lichen communities on boreal urban Pinus sylvestris trunks ' , The Science of the Total Environment , vol. 613-614 , pp. 751-762 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.150 ORCID: /0000-0002-2675-472X/work/46205253 85029511017 5e7f2cf7-4159-494a-a6ca-c6ff7d6b9c16 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/310804 000414160500078 cc_by_nc_nd openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Acidophyte frequencies Ammonium Bark N Lichen N Nitrogen dioxide Nitrate EPIPHYTIC LICHENS ATMOSPHERIC NITROGEN DEPOSITION GRADIENT QUERCUS-PETRAEA HYPOGYMNIA-PHYSODES PLATISMATIA-GLAUCA STEMFLOW CHEMISTRY REACTIVE NITROGEN WESTERN OREGON DRY DEPOSITION 1172 Environmental sciences Article acceptedVersion 2020 ftunivhelsihelda https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.150 2023-12-14T00:06:00Z The deposition of reactive nitrogen (N) compounds currently predominates over sulphur (S) deposition in most of the cities in Europe and North America. Acidophytic lichens growing on tree trunks are known to be sensitive to both N and S deposition. Given that tree species and climatic factors affect the composition of epiphytic lichen communities and modify lichen responses to air pollution, this study focused on the impact of urban air pollution on acidophytes growing on boreal conifer trunks. The study was performed in the Helsinki metropolitan area, southern Finland, where annual mean nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations range from 4-5 mu g m(-3) to > 50 mu g m(-3). In addition, background forest sites in southern and northern Finland were included. The results demonstrated elevated N contents (>= 0.7%) in Hypogymnia physodes and Platismatia glauca at all the sites where the species occurred. In the Helsinki metropolitan area, a higher frequency of green algae + Scoliociosporum chlorococcum and reduced numerical frequencies of other indicator lichen species (e.g. Pseudevernia furfuracea, Bryoria spp., Usnea spp.) were associated with elevated atmospheric concentrations of NO2 and particulate matter containing N, as well as elevated concentrations of inorganic N in bark. The N isotope values (delta N-15) of lichens supported the uptake of oxidized N mainly originating from road traffic. Sulphur dioxide (SO2) also negatively affected the most sensitive species, despite the current low levels (1-4 mu g m(-3) yr(-1)). Critical levels of 5 mu g NO2 m(-3) yr(-1) and 0.5 mu g NH3 m(-3) yr(-1), and a critical load of 2-3 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) are proposed for protecting the diversity of boreal acidophytes. This study calls for measurements of the throughfall of various N fractions in urban forest ecosystems along precipitation and temperature gradients to verify the proposed critical levels and loads. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Peer reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper Northern Finland HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository Science of The Total Environment 613-614 751 762

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