Biogeochemical Impact of Snow Cover and Cyclonic Intrusions on the Winter Weddell Sea Ice Pack
Sea ice is a dynamic biogeochemical reactor and a double interface actively interacting with both the atmosphere and the ocean. However, proper understanding of its annual impact on exchanges, and therefore potentially on the climate, notably suffer from the paucity of autumnal and winter data sets....
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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American Geophysical Union
2018
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10138/231973 |
id |
ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/231973 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
sea ice Weddell Sea Antarctica biogeochemistry winter ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION SOUTHERN-OCEAN PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES SEASONAL-VARIATIONS MCMURDO SOUND CO2 EXCHANGE MASS-BALANCE MODEL CARBON 1171 Geosciences |
spellingShingle |
sea ice Weddell Sea Antarctica biogeochemistry winter ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION SOUTHERN-OCEAN PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES SEASONAL-VARIATIONS MCMURDO SOUND CO2 EXCHANGE MASS-BALANCE MODEL CARBON 1171 Geosciences Tison, J. -L. Schwegmann, S. Dieckmann, G. Rintala, J. -M. Meyer, H. Moreau, S. Vancoppenolle, M. Nomura, D. Engberg, S. Blomster, L. J. Hendrickx, S. Uhlig, C. Luhtanen, A. -M. de Jong, J. Janssens, J. Carnat, G. Zhou, J. Delille, B. Biogeochemical Impact of Snow Cover and Cyclonic Intrusions on the Winter Weddell Sea Ice Pack |
topic_facet |
sea ice Weddell Sea Antarctica biogeochemistry winter ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION SOUTHERN-OCEAN PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES SEASONAL-VARIATIONS MCMURDO SOUND CO2 EXCHANGE MASS-BALANCE MODEL CARBON 1171 Geosciences |
description |
Sea ice is a dynamic biogeochemical reactor and a double interface actively interacting with both the atmosphere and the ocean. However, proper understanding of its annual impact on exchanges, and therefore potentially on the climate, notably suffer from the paucity of autumnal and winter data sets. Here we present the results of physical and biogeochemical investigations on winter Antarctic pack ice in the Weddell Sea (R. V. Polarstern AWECS cruise, June-August 2013) which are compared with those from two similar studies conducted in the area in 1986 and 1992. The winter 2013 was characterized by a warm sea ice cover due to the combined effects of deep snow and frequent warm cyclones events penetrating southward from the open Southern Ocean. These conditions were favorable to high ice permeability and cyclic events of brine movements within the sea ice cover (brine tubes), favoring relatively high chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations. We discuss the timing of this algal activity showing that arguments can be presented in favor of continued activity during the winter due to the specific physical conditions. Large-scale sea ice model simulations also suggest a context of increasingly deep snow, warm ice, and large brine fractions across the three observational years, despite the fact that the model is forced with a snowfall climatology. This lends support to the claim that more severe Antarctic sea ice conditions, characterized by a longer ice season, thicker, and more concentrated ice are sufficient to increase the snow depth and, somehow counterintuitively, to warm the ice. Peer reviewed |
author2 |
Environmental Sciences Jaanika Blomster / Principal Investigator Life Science Education Biosciences Elina Roine / Principal Investigator General Microbiology Structure of the Viral Universe Tvärminne Zoological Station Marine Ecosystems Research Group Teachers' Academy |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tison, J. -L. Schwegmann, S. Dieckmann, G. Rintala, J. -M. Meyer, H. Moreau, S. Vancoppenolle, M. Nomura, D. Engberg, S. Blomster, L. J. Hendrickx, S. Uhlig, C. Luhtanen, A. -M. de Jong, J. Janssens, J. Carnat, G. Zhou, J. Delille, B. |
author_facet |
Tison, J. -L. Schwegmann, S. Dieckmann, G. Rintala, J. -M. Meyer, H. Moreau, S. Vancoppenolle, M. Nomura, D. Engberg, S. Blomster, L. J. Hendrickx, S. Uhlig, C. Luhtanen, A. -M. de Jong, J. Janssens, J. Carnat, G. Zhou, J. Delille, B. |
author_sort |
Tison, J. -L. |
title |
Biogeochemical Impact of Snow Cover and Cyclonic Intrusions on the Winter Weddell Sea Ice Pack |
title_short |
Biogeochemical Impact of Snow Cover and Cyclonic Intrusions on the Winter Weddell Sea Ice Pack |
title_full |
Biogeochemical Impact of Snow Cover and Cyclonic Intrusions on the Winter Weddell Sea Ice Pack |
title_fullStr |
Biogeochemical Impact of Snow Cover and Cyclonic Intrusions on the Winter Weddell Sea Ice Pack |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biogeochemical Impact of Snow Cover and Cyclonic Intrusions on the Winter Weddell Sea Ice Pack |
title_sort |
biogeochemical impact of snow cover and cyclonic intrusions on the winter weddell sea ice pack |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/231973 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Weddell Sea McMurdo Sound Weddell |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Weddell Sea McMurdo Sound Weddell |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Science Antarctica ice pack McMurdo Sound Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Science Antarctica ice pack McMurdo Sound Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
op_relation |
10.1002/2017JC013288 The authors wish to warmly thank the Captain and crew of the RV Polarstern and the Chief Scientist Peter Lemke for their unconditional logistic and scientific support during the AWECS cruise. This work is a contribution to the Belgian Science Policy Office project BIGSOUTH (contract SD/CA/05A). The work of SS was funded by the EU 7th Framework project SIDARUS (FP7-SPACE-2010-1, grant agreement 262922). S.M. is supported by the Australian Research Council's Special Research Initiative for Antarctic Gateway Partnership (Project ID SR140300001) and postdoctoral researcher with the FRS-FNRS. D.N. was supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant 12J04175 and 17H04715. The work of C.U. was funded by a Postdoctoral Fellowship of the Universite Libre de Bruxelles and the Alfred-WegenerInstitute. The work of A.M.L. was supported by Walter and Andree de Nottbeck Foundation, Onni Talas Foundation, and Finnish Antarctic Research Program FINNARP. J.J. was supported by the Quantitative Antarctic Science Program jointly led by the University of Tasmania and the Australian Antarctic Division. G.C. benefited from a Belgian Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS) research grant (contract A 4/5 - MCF/DM - 2657). B.D. is a research associate with the F.R.S-FNRS. Data Base: PANGEA under doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.834492 Tison , J -L , Schwegmann , S , Dieckmann , G , Rintala , J -M , Meyer , H , Moreau , S , Vancoppenolle , M , Nomura , D , Engberg , S , Blomster , L J , Hendrickx , S , Uhlig , C , Luhtanen , A -M , de Jong , J , Janssens , J , Carnat , G , Zhou , J & Delille , B 2017 , ' Biogeochemical Impact of Snow Cover and Cyclonic Intrusions on the Winter Weddell Sea Ice Pack ' , Journal of Geophysical Research : Oceans , vol. 122 , no. 12 , pp. 9548-9571 . https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013288 ORCID: /0000-0003-1347-7919/work/51122880 85040700450 6b2c75d5-b257-465d-b26a-a887116116bd http://hdl.handle.net/10138/231973 000422732100014 |
op_rights |
cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
container_volume |
122 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
9548 |
op_container_end_page |
9571 |
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1787430238227005440 |
spelling |
ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/231973 2024-01-07T09:39:56+01:00 Biogeochemical Impact of Snow Cover and Cyclonic Intrusions on the Winter Weddell Sea Ice Pack Tison, J. -L. Schwegmann, S. Dieckmann, G. Rintala, J. -M. Meyer, H. Moreau, S. Vancoppenolle, M. Nomura, D. Engberg, S. Blomster, L. J. Hendrickx, S. Uhlig, C. Luhtanen, A. -M. de Jong, J. Janssens, J. Carnat, G. Zhou, J. Delille, B. Environmental Sciences Jaanika Blomster / Principal Investigator Life Science Education Biosciences Elina Roine / Principal Investigator General Microbiology Structure of the Viral Universe Tvärminne Zoological Station Marine Ecosystems Research Group Teachers' Academy 2018-02-02T08:45:01Z 24 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/231973 eng eng American Geophysical Union 10.1002/2017JC013288 The authors wish to warmly thank the Captain and crew of the RV Polarstern and the Chief Scientist Peter Lemke for their unconditional logistic and scientific support during the AWECS cruise. This work is a contribution to the Belgian Science Policy Office project BIGSOUTH (contract SD/CA/05A). The work of SS was funded by the EU 7th Framework project SIDARUS (FP7-SPACE-2010-1, grant agreement 262922). S.M. is supported by the Australian Research Council's Special Research Initiative for Antarctic Gateway Partnership (Project ID SR140300001) and postdoctoral researcher with the FRS-FNRS. D.N. was supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant 12J04175 and 17H04715. The work of C.U. was funded by a Postdoctoral Fellowship of the Universite Libre de Bruxelles and the Alfred-WegenerInstitute. The work of A.M.L. was supported by Walter and Andree de Nottbeck Foundation, Onni Talas Foundation, and Finnish Antarctic Research Program FINNARP. J.J. was supported by the Quantitative Antarctic Science Program jointly led by the University of Tasmania and the Australian Antarctic Division. G.C. benefited from a Belgian Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS) research grant (contract A 4/5 - MCF/DM - 2657). B.D. is a research associate with the F.R.S-FNRS. Data Base: PANGEA under doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.834492 Tison , J -L , Schwegmann , S , Dieckmann , G , Rintala , J -M , Meyer , H , Moreau , S , Vancoppenolle , M , Nomura , D , Engberg , S , Blomster , L J , Hendrickx , S , Uhlig , C , Luhtanen , A -M , de Jong , J , Janssens , J , Carnat , G , Zhou , J & Delille , B 2017 , ' Biogeochemical Impact of Snow Cover and Cyclonic Intrusions on the Winter Weddell Sea Ice Pack ' , Journal of Geophysical Research : Oceans , vol. 122 , no. 12 , pp. 9548-9571 . https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013288 ORCID: /0000-0003-1347-7919/work/51122880 85040700450 6b2c75d5-b257-465d-b26a-a887116116bd http://hdl.handle.net/10138/231973 000422732100014 cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess sea ice Weddell Sea Antarctica biogeochemistry winter ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION SOUTHERN-OCEAN PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES SEASONAL-VARIATIONS MCMURDO SOUND CO2 EXCHANGE MASS-BALANCE MODEL CARBON 1171 Geosciences Article publishedVersion 2018 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-12-14T00:02:35Z Sea ice is a dynamic biogeochemical reactor and a double interface actively interacting with both the atmosphere and the ocean. However, proper understanding of its annual impact on exchanges, and therefore potentially on the climate, notably suffer from the paucity of autumnal and winter data sets. Here we present the results of physical and biogeochemical investigations on winter Antarctic pack ice in the Weddell Sea (R. V. Polarstern AWECS cruise, June-August 2013) which are compared with those from two similar studies conducted in the area in 1986 and 1992. The winter 2013 was characterized by a warm sea ice cover due to the combined effects of deep snow and frequent warm cyclones events penetrating southward from the open Southern Ocean. These conditions were favorable to high ice permeability and cyclic events of brine movements within the sea ice cover (brine tubes), favoring relatively high chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations. We discuss the timing of this algal activity showing that arguments can be presented in favor of continued activity during the winter due to the specific physical conditions. Large-scale sea ice model simulations also suggest a context of increasingly deep snow, warm ice, and large brine fractions across the three observational years, despite the fact that the model is forced with a snowfall climatology. This lends support to the claim that more severe Antarctic sea ice conditions, characterized by a longer ice season, thicker, and more concentrated ice are sufficient to increase the snow depth and, somehow counterintuitively, to warm the ice. Peer reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Science Antarctica ice pack McMurdo Sound Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository Antarctic Southern Ocean Weddell Sea McMurdo Sound Weddell Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 122 12 9548 9571 |