Regional Variability and Drivers of Below Ice CO2 in Boreal and Subarctic Lakes
Northern lakes are ice-covered for considerable portions of the year, where carbon dioxide (CO2) can accumulate below ice, subsequently leading to high CO2 emissions at ice-melt. Current knowledge on the regional control and variability of below ice partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)) is lac...
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/212588 2024-01-07T09:46:55+01:00 Regional Variability and Drivers of Below Ice CO2 in Boreal and Subarctic Lakes Denfeld, Blaize A. Kortelainen, Pirkko Rantakari, Miitta Sobek, Sebastian Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A. Department of Physics Environmental Sciences 2017-08-17T08:55:00Z 16 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/212588 eng eng Springer 10.1007/s10021-015-9944-z The financial support was received from the NordForsk approved Nordic Centre of Excellence "CRAICC," the Swedish Research Council (VR), and the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (FORMAS). This work is part of and profited from the networks financed by NordForsk (DOMQUA), Norwegian Research Council (Norklima ECCO), US National Science Foundation (GLEON), and the European Union (Netlake). We would like to thank Roger Muller for valuable discussions on GIS data and statistical methods. We would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers for useful comments that have improved the manuscript. Denfeld , B A , Kortelainen , P , Rantakari , M , Sobek , S & Weyhenmeyer , G A 2016 , ' Regional Variability and Drivers of Below Ice CO2 in Boreal and Subarctic Lakes ' , Ecosystems , vol. 19 , no. 3 , pp. 461-476 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-015-9944-z ORCID: /0000-0003-2335-6192/work/29579681 84961655123 1d03544e-a9f4-44bf-a63b-12d432ef9539 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/212588 000373018200007 cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CO2 winter limnology ice cover carbon nutrients lake depth DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS CARBON-DIOXIDE SURFACE WATERS INLAND WATERS METHANE RESPIRATION METABOLISM CLIMATE STREAMS 114 Physical sciences 1172 Environmental sciences Article publishedVersion 2017 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-12-14T00:10:44Z Northern lakes are ice-covered for considerable portions of the year, where carbon dioxide (CO2) can accumulate below ice, subsequently leading to high CO2 emissions at ice-melt. Current knowledge on the regional control and variability of below ice partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)) is lacking, creating a gap in our understanding of how ice cover dynamics affect the CO2 accumulation below ice and therefore CO2 emissions from inland waters during the ice-melt period. To narrow this gap, we identified the drivers of below ice pCO(2) variation across 506 Swedish and Finnish lakes using water chemistry, lake morphometry, catchment characteristics, lake position, and climate variables. We found that lake depth and trophic status were the most important variables explaining variations in below ice pCO(2) across the 506 lakes(.) Together, lake morphometry and water chemistry explained 53% of the site-to-site variation in below ice pCO(2). Regional climate (including ice cover duration) and latitude only explained 7% of the variation in below ice pCO(2). Thus, our results suggest that on a regional scale a shortening of the ice cover period on lakes may not directly affect the accumulation of CO2 below ice but rather indirectly through increased mobility of nutrients and carbon loading to lakes. Thus, given that climate-induced changes are most evident in northern ecosystems, adequately predicting the consequences of a changing climate on future CO2 emission estimates from northern lakes involves monitoring changes not only to ice cover but also to changes in the trophic status of lakes. Peer reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper Subarctic HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository Ecosystems 19 3 461 476 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
CO2 winter limnology ice cover carbon nutrients lake depth DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS CARBON-DIOXIDE SURFACE WATERS INLAND WATERS METHANE RESPIRATION METABOLISM CLIMATE STREAMS 114 Physical sciences 1172 Environmental sciences |
spellingShingle |
CO2 winter limnology ice cover carbon nutrients lake depth DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS CARBON-DIOXIDE SURFACE WATERS INLAND WATERS METHANE RESPIRATION METABOLISM CLIMATE STREAMS 114 Physical sciences 1172 Environmental sciences Denfeld, Blaize A. Kortelainen, Pirkko Rantakari, Miitta Sobek, Sebastian Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A. Regional Variability and Drivers of Below Ice CO2 in Boreal and Subarctic Lakes |
topic_facet |
CO2 winter limnology ice cover carbon nutrients lake depth DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS CARBON-DIOXIDE SURFACE WATERS INLAND WATERS METHANE RESPIRATION METABOLISM CLIMATE STREAMS 114 Physical sciences 1172 Environmental sciences |
description |
Northern lakes are ice-covered for considerable portions of the year, where carbon dioxide (CO2) can accumulate below ice, subsequently leading to high CO2 emissions at ice-melt. Current knowledge on the regional control and variability of below ice partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)) is lacking, creating a gap in our understanding of how ice cover dynamics affect the CO2 accumulation below ice and therefore CO2 emissions from inland waters during the ice-melt period. To narrow this gap, we identified the drivers of below ice pCO(2) variation across 506 Swedish and Finnish lakes using water chemistry, lake morphometry, catchment characteristics, lake position, and climate variables. We found that lake depth and trophic status were the most important variables explaining variations in below ice pCO(2) across the 506 lakes(.) Together, lake morphometry and water chemistry explained 53% of the site-to-site variation in below ice pCO(2). Regional climate (including ice cover duration) and latitude only explained 7% of the variation in below ice pCO(2). Thus, our results suggest that on a regional scale a shortening of the ice cover period on lakes may not directly affect the accumulation of CO2 below ice but rather indirectly through increased mobility of nutrients and carbon loading to lakes. Thus, given that climate-induced changes are most evident in northern ecosystems, adequately predicting the consequences of a changing climate on future CO2 emission estimates from northern lakes involves monitoring changes not only to ice cover but also to changes in the trophic status of lakes. Peer reviewed |
author2 |
Department of Physics Environmental Sciences |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Denfeld, Blaize A. Kortelainen, Pirkko Rantakari, Miitta Sobek, Sebastian Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A. |
author_facet |
Denfeld, Blaize A. Kortelainen, Pirkko Rantakari, Miitta Sobek, Sebastian Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A. |
author_sort |
Denfeld, Blaize A. |
title |
Regional Variability and Drivers of Below Ice CO2 in Boreal and Subarctic Lakes |
title_short |
Regional Variability and Drivers of Below Ice CO2 in Boreal and Subarctic Lakes |
title_full |
Regional Variability and Drivers of Below Ice CO2 in Boreal and Subarctic Lakes |
title_fullStr |
Regional Variability and Drivers of Below Ice CO2 in Boreal and Subarctic Lakes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Regional Variability and Drivers of Below Ice CO2 in Boreal and Subarctic Lakes |
title_sort |
regional variability and drivers of below ice co2 in boreal and subarctic lakes |
publisher |
Springer |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/212588 |
genre |
Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Subarctic |
op_relation |
10.1007/s10021-015-9944-z The financial support was received from the NordForsk approved Nordic Centre of Excellence "CRAICC," the Swedish Research Council (VR), and the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (FORMAS). This work is part of and profited from the networks financed by NordForsk (DOMQUA), Norwegian Research Council (Norklima ECCO), US National Science Foundation (GLEON), and the European Union (Netlake). We would like to thank Roger Muller for valuable discussions on GIS data and statistical methods. We would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers for useful comments that have improved the manuscript. Denfeld , B A , Kortelainen , P , Rantakari , M , Sobek , S & Weyhenmeyer , G A 2016 , ' Regional Variability and Drivers of Below Ice CO2 in Boreal and Subarctic Lakes ' , Ecosystems , vol. 19 , no. 3 , pp. 461-476 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-015-9944-z ORCID: /0000-0003-2335-6192/work/29579681 84961655123 1d03544e-a9f4-44bf-a63b-12d432ef9539 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/212588 000373018200007 |
op_rights |
cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
container_title |
Ecosystems |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
3 |
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461 |
op_container_end_page |
476 |
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1787428847023554560 |