Questionnaire survey of detrimental fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma in Finland
Abstract Background In 2007, a previously unrecorded disease, fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma (FENP), was detected in farmed mink (Neovision vision), foxes (Vulpes lagopus) and Finnraccoons (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Finland. Symptoms included severe pyoderma with increased mortality, causi...
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/207700 2023-08-20T04:10:18+02:00 Questionnaire survey of detrimental fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma in Finland Nordgren, Heli Vapalahti, Katariina Vapalahti, Olli Sukura, Antti Virtala, Anna-Maija 2017-08-06T03:35:32Z application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/207700 eng eng BioMed Central Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. 2017 Aug 03;59(1):54 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/207700 The Author(s) Arcanobacterium phocae Fur animals Fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma FENP Neovison vison Nyctereutes procyonoides Vulpes lagopus http://purl.org/eprint/entityType/ScholarlyWork http://purl.org/eprint/entityType/Expression http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 2017 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-07-28T06:31:31Z Abstract Background In 2007, a previously unrecorded disease, fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma (FENP), was detected in farmed mink (Neovision vision), foxes (Vulpes lagopus) and Finnraccoons (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Finland. Symptoms included severe pyoderma with increased mortality, causing both animal welfare problems and economic losses. In 2011, an epidemiologic questionnaire was mailed to all members of the Finnish Fur Breeders’ Association to assess the occurrence of FENP from 2009 through the first 6 months of 2011. The aim was to describe the geographical distribution and detailed clinical signs of FENP, as well as sources of infection and potential risk factors for the disease. Results A total of 239 farmers (25%) returned the questionnaire. Clinical signs of FENP were observed in 40% (95% CI 34–46%) of the study farms. In addition, the survey clarified the specific clinical signs for different animal species. The presence of disease was associated with the importation of mink, especially from Denmark (OR 9.3, 95% CI 2.6–33.0). The transmission route between Finnish farms was associated with fur animal purchases. Some risk factors such as the farm type were also indicated. As such, FENP was detected more commonly on farms with more than one species of fur animal in comparison to farms with, for example, only foxes (OR 4.6, 95% CI 2.4–8.6), and the incidence was higher on farms with over 750 breeder mink compared to smaller farms (OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.6–9.0). Contact between fur animals and birds and other wildlife increased the risk of FENP on farms. Responses also indicated that blocking the entry of wildlife to the animal premises protected against FENP. Conclusions FENP was most likely introduced to Finland by imported mink and spread further within the country via domestically purchased fur animals. Some potential risk factors, such as the type and size of the farm and contact with wildlife, contributed to the spread of FENP. Escape-proof shelter buildings block the entry of wildlife, thus ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Vulpes lagopus Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
Arcanobacterium phocae Fur animals Fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma FENP Neovison vison Nyctereutes procyonoides Vulpes lagopus |
spellingShingle |
Arcanobacterium phocae Fur animals Fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma FENP Neovison vison Nyctereutes procyonoides Vulpes lagopus Nordgren, Heli Vapalahti, Katariina Vapalahti, Olli Sukura, Antti Virtala, Anna-Maija Questionnaire survey of detrimental fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma in Finland |
topic_facet |
Arcanobacterium phocae Fur animals Fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma FENP Neovison vison Nyctereutes procyonoides Vulpes lagopus |
description |
Abstract Background In 2007, a previously unrecorded disease, fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma (FENP), was detected in farmed mink (Neovision vision), foxes (Vulpes lagopus) and Finnraccoons (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Finland. Symptoms included severe pyoderma with increased mortality, causing both animal welfare problems and economic losses. In 2011, an epidemiologic questionnaire was mailed to all members of the Finnish Fur Breeders’ Association to assess the occurrence of FENP from 2009 through the first 6 months of 2011. The aim was to describe the geographical distribution and detailed clinical signs of FENP, as well as sources of infection and potential risk factors for the disease. Results A total of 239 farmers (25%) returned the questionnaire. Clinical signs of FENP were observed in 40% (95% CI 34–46%) of the study farms. In addition, the survey clarified the specific clinical signs for different animal species. The presence of disease was associated with the importation of mink, especially from Denmark (OR 9.3, 95% CI 2.6–33.0). The transmission route between Finnish farms was associated with fur animal purchases. Some risk factors such as the farm type were also indicated. As such, FENP was detected more commonly on farms with more than one species of fur animal in comparison to farms with, for example, only foxes (OR 4.6, 95% CI 2.4–8.6), and the incidence was higher on farms with over 750 breeder mink compared to smaller farms (OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.6–9.0). Contact between fur animals and birds and other wildlife increased the risk of FENP on farms. Responses also indicated that blocking the entry of wildlife to the animal premises protected against FENP. Conclusions FENP was most likely introduced to Finland by imported mink and spread further within the country via domestically purchased fur animals. Some potential risk factors, such as the type and size of the farm and contact with wildlife, contributed to the spread of FENP. Escape-proof shelter buildings block the entry of wildlife, thus ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nordgren, Heli Vapalahti, Katariina Vapalahti, Olli Sukura, Antti Virtala, Anna-Maija |
author_facet |
Nordgren, Heli Vapalahti, Katariina Vapalahti, Olli Sukura, Antti Virtala, Anna-Maija |
author_sort |
Nordgren, Heli |
title |
Questionnaire survey of detrimental fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma in Finland |
title_short |
Questionnaire survey of detrimental fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma in Finland |
title_full |
Questionnaire survey of detrimental fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma in Finland |
title_fullStr |
Questionnaire survey of detrimental fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma in Finland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Questionnaire survey of detrimental fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma in Finland |
title_sort |
questionnaire survey of detrimental fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma in finland |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/207700 |
genre |
Vulpes lagopus |
genre_facet |
Vulpes lagopus |
op_relation |
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. 2017 Aug 03;59(1):54 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/207700 |
op_rights |
The Author(s) |
_version_ |
1774724393083076608 |