Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe
Phloem osmolality and its components are involved in basic cell metabolism, cell growth, and in various physiological processes including the ability of living cells to withstand drought and frost. Osmolality and sugar composition responses to environmental stresses have been extensively studied for...
Published in: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media
2017
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10138/190723 |
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/190723 |
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openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
4112 Forestry |
spellingShingle |
4112 Forestry Lintunen, Anna Matilda Paljakka, Teemu Ville Santeri Jyske, Tuula Peltoniemi, Mikko Sterck, Frank Von Arx, Georg Cochard, Hervé Copini, Paul Caldeira, Maria C. Delzon, Sylvain Gebauer, Roman Grönlund, Leila Henrietta Kiorapostolou, Natasa Lechthaler, Silvia Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel Peters, Richard L. Petit, Giai Prendin, Angela L. Salmon, Yann Louis Baptiste Steppe, Kathy Urban, Josef Roig Juan, Silvia Robert, Elisabeth M. Hölttä, Teemu Samuli Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe |
topic_facet |
4112 Forestry |
description |
Phloem osmolality and its components are involved in basic cell metabolism, cell growth, and in various physiological processes including the ability of living cells to withstand drought and frost. Osmolality and sugar composition responses to environmental stresses have been extensively studied for leaves, but less for the secondary phloem of plant stems and branches. Leaf osmotic concentration and the share of pinitol and raffinose among soluble sugars increase with increasing drought or cold stress, and osmotic concentration is adjusted with osmoregulation. We hypothesize that similar responses occur in the secondary phloem of branches. We collected living bark samples from branches of adult Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Betula pendula and Populus tremula trees across Europe, from boreal Northern Finland to Mediterranean Portugal. In all studied species, the observed variation in phloem osmolality was mainly driven by variation in phloem water content, while tissue solute content was rather constant across regions. Osmoregulation, in which osmolality is controlled by variable tissue solute content, was stronger for Betula and Populus in comparison to the evergreen conifers. Osmolality was lowest in mid-latitude region, and from there increased by 37% toward northern Europe and 38% toward southern Europe due to low phloem water content in these regions. The ratio of raffinose to all soluble sugars was negligible at mid-latitudes and increased toward north and south, reflecting its role in cold and drought tolerance. For pinitol, another sugar known for contributing to stress tolerance, no such latitudinal pattern was observed. The proportion of sucrose was remarkably low and that of hexoses (i.e., glucose and fructose) high at mid-latitudes. The ratio of starch to all non-structural carbohydrates increased toward the northern latitudes in agreement with the build-up of osmotically inactive C reservoir that can be converted into soluble sugars during winter acclimation in these cold regions. Present results ... |
author2 |
Department of Forest Sciences Department of Physics Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS) Ecosystem processes (INAR Forest Sciences) Micrometeorology and biogeochemical cycles Forest Ecology and Management |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lintunen, Anna Matilda Paljakka, Teemu Ville Santeri Jyske, Tuula Peltoniemi, Mikko Sterck, Frank Von Arx, Georg Cochard, Hervé Copini, Paul Caldeira, Maria C. Delzon, Sylvain Gebauer, Roman Grönlund, Leila Henrietta Kiorapostolou, Natasa Lechthaler, Silvia Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel Peters, Richard L. Petit, Giai Prendin, Angela L. Salmon, Yann Louis Baptiste Steppe, Kathy Urban, Josef Roig Juan, Silvia Robert, Elisabeth M. Hölttä, Teemu Samuli |
author_facet |
Lintunen, Anna Matilda Paljakka, Teemu Ville Santeri Jyske, Tuula Peltoniemi, Mikko Sterck, Frank Von Arx, Georg Cochard, Hervé Copini, Paul Caldeira, Maria C. Delzon, Sylvain Gebauer, Roman Grönlund, Leila Henrietta Kiorapostolou, Natasa Lechthaler, Silvia Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel Peters, Richard L. Petit, Giai Prendin, Angela L. Salmon, Yann Louis Baptiste Steppe, Kathy Urban, Josef Roig Juan, Silvia Robert, Elisabeth M. Hölttä, Teemu Samuli |
author_sort |
Lintunen, Anna Matilda |
title |
Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe |
title_short |
Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe |
title_full |
Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe |
title_fullStr |
Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe |
title_full_unstemmed |
Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe |
title_sort |
osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in europe |
publisher |
Frontiers Media |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/190723 |
genre |
Northern Finland |
genre_facet |
Northern Finland |
op_relation |
10.3389/fpls.2016.00726 Lintunen , A M , Paljakka , T V S , Jyske , T , Peltoniemi , M , Sterck , F , Von Arx , G , Cochard , H , Copini , P , Caldeira , M C , Delzon , S , Gebauer , R , Grönlund , L H , Kiorapostolou , N , Lechthaler , S , Lobo-do-Vale , R , Peters , R L , Petit , G , Prendin , A L , Salmon , Y L B , Steppe , K , Urban , J , Roig Juan , S , Robert , E M & Hölttä , T S 2016 , ' Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe ' , Frontiers in plant science , vol. 7 , 726 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00726 ORCID: /0000-0002-1077-0784/work/29418974 ORCID: /0000-0003-4433-4021/work/29770655 ORCID: /0000-0002-3674-4904/work/68615940 84973097924 8f0ecb5c-1fc6-4371-a6af-e80af482b857 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/190723 000376857100001 |
op_rights |
unspecified openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
container_title |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
container_volume |
7 |
_version_ |
1787427028608221184 |
spelling |
ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/190723 2024-01-07T09:45:29+01:00 Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe Lintunen, Anna Matilda Paljakka, Teemu Ville Santeri Jyske, Tuula Peltoniemi, Mikko Sterck, Frank Von Arx, Georg Cochard, Hervé Copini, Paul Caldeira, Maria C. Delzon, Sylvain Gebauer, Roman Grönlund, Leila Henrietta Kiorapostolou, Natasa Lechthaler, Silvia Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel Peters, Richard L. Petit, Giai Prendin, Angela L. Salmon, Yann Louis Baptiste Steppe, Kathy Urban, Josef Roig Juan, Silvia Robert, Elisabeth M. Hölttä, Teemu Samuli Department of Forest Sciences Department of Physics Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS) Ecosystem processes (INAR Forest Sciences) Micrometeorology and biogeochemical cycles Forest Ecology and Management 2017-06-13T10:48:01Z 15 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/190723 eng eng Frontiers Media 10.3389/fpls.2016.00726 Lintunen , A M , Paljakka , T V S , Jyske , T , Peltoniemi , M , Sterck , F , Von Arx , G , Cochard , H , Copini , P , Caldeira , M C , Delzon , S , Gebauer , R , Grönlund , L H , Kiorapostolou , N , Lechthaler , S , Lobo-do-Vale , R , Peters , R L , Petit , G , Prendin , A L , Salmon , Y L B , Steppe , K , Urban , J , Roig Juan , S , Robert , E M & Hölttä , T S 2016 , ' Osmolality and non-structural carbohydrate composition in the secondary phloem of trees across a latitudinal gradient in Europe ' , Frontiers in plant science , vol. 7 , 726 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00726 ORCID: /0000-0002-1077-0784/work/29418974 ORCID: /0000-0003-4433-4021/work/29770655 ORCID: /0000-0002-3674-4904/work/68615940 84973097924 8f0ecb5c-1fc6-4371-a6af-e80af482b857 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/190723 000376857100001 unspecified openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess 4112 Forestry Article publishedVersion 2017 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-12-14T00:05:21Z Phloem osmolality and its components are involved in basic cell metabolism, cell growth, and in various physiological processes including the ability of living cells to withstand drought and frost. Osmolality and sugar composition responses to environmental stresses have been extensively studied for leaves, but less for the secondary phloem of plant stems and branches. Leaf osmotic concentration and the share of pinitol and raffinose among soluble sugars increase with increasing drought or cold stress, and osmotic concentration is adjusted with osmoregulation. We hypothesize that similar responses occur in the secondary phloem of branches. We collected living bark samples from branches of adult Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Betula pendula and Populus tremula trees across Europe, from boreal Northern Finland to Mediterranean Portugal. In all studied species, the observed variation in phloem osmolality was mainly driven by variation in phloem water content, while tissue solute content was rather constant across regions. Osmoregulation, in which osmolality is controlled by variable tissue solute content, was stronger for Betula and Populus in comparison to the evergreen conifers. Osmolality was lowest in mid-latitude region, and from there increased by 37% toward northern Europe and 38% toward southern Europe due to low phloem water content in these regions. The ratio of raffinose to all soluble sugars was negligible at mid-latitudes and increased toward north and south, reflecting its role in cold and drought tolerance. For pinitol, another sugar known for contributing to stress tolerance, no such latitudinal pattern was observed. The proportion of sucrose was remarkably low and that of hexoses (i.e., glucose and fructose) high at mid-latitudes. The ratio of starch to all non-structural carbohydrates increased toward the northern latitudes in agreement with the build-up of osmotically inactive C reservoir that can be converted into soluble sugars during winter acclimation in these cold regions. Present results ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Northern Finland HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository Frontiers in Plant Science 7 |