Hydrographic responses to regional covariates across the Kara Sea
The Kara Sea is a shelf sea in the Arctic Ocean which has a strong spatiotemporal hydrographic variation driven by river discharge, air pressure and sea ice. There is a lack of information about the local scale effects of environmental variables to surface hydrography in different regions of the Kar...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/178035 2024-01-07T09:41:31+01:00 Hydrographic responses to regional covariates across the Kara Sea Mäkinen, Jussi Antti-Eerikki Vanhatalo, Jarno Petteri Environmental Sciences Department of Mathematics and Statistics Biosciences Biostatistics Helsinki Environmental and Ecological Statistics Group 2017-03-22T07:49:01Z 16 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/178035 eng eng American Geophysical Union 10.1002/2016JC011981 SUOMEN AKATEMIA Valtion perusrahoitus/hankkeet Unknown funder Academy of Finland Mäkinen , J A-E & Vanhatalo , J P 2016 , ' Hydrographic responses to regional covariates across the Kara Sea ' , Journal of Geophysical Research : Oceans , vol. 121 , no. 12 , pp. 8872-8887 . https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC011981 ORCID: /0000-0001-6599-8279/work/40902819 85007370116 6873490d-4299-4b7f-9d31-a009fd9640ef http://hdl.handle.net/10138/178035 000393140400026 openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess 1172 Environmental sciences Article publishedVersion 2017 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-12-14T00:05:43Z The Kara Sea is a shelf sea in the Arctic Ocean which has a strong spatiotemporal hydrographic variation driven by river discharge, air pressure and sea ice. There is a lack of information about the local scale effects of environmental variables to surface hydrography in different regions of the Kara Sea. We use a hierarchical spatially varying coefficient model to study the monthly variation of sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS) in the Kara Sea between years 1980 and 2000. The model allows us to study the effect of climatic (arctic oscillation index, AO) and seasonal (river discharge and ice concentration) environmental covariates on SST and SSS. The results show that the hydrographical response to environmental covariates vary considerably between different regions of the Kara Sea. River discharge decreases SSS in the shallow shelf area and has a neutral effect in the northern Kara Sea. The responses of SST to AO and river discharge vary in south-north direction. Ice concentration has the most constant effect across Kara Sea. We estimated also the average SST and SSS in the Kara Sea in 1980-2000. The average August SST over the Kara Sea in 1995-2000 was higher than the respective average in 1980-1984 with 99.9 % probability as SSS decreased with 77 % probability. We found a support that the winter season AO has an impact on the summer season hydrographical conditions, and decadal temporal trends may be related to the varying level of winter season AO index. Peer reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Kara Sea Sea ice HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository Arctic Arctic Ocean Kara Sea Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 121 12 8872 8887 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
1172 Environmental sciences |
spellingShingle |
1172 Environmental sciences Mäkinen, Jussi Antti-Eerikki Vanhatalo, Jarno Petteri Hydrographic responses to regional covariates across the Kara Sea |
topic_facet |
1172 Environmental sciences |
description |
The Kara Sea is a shelf sea in the Arctic Ocean which has a strong spatiotemporal hydrographic variation driven by river discharge, air pressure and sea ice. There is a lack of information about the local scale effects of environmental variables to surface hydrography in different regions of the Kara Sea. We use a hierarchical spatially varying coefficient model to study the monthly variation of sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS) in the Kara Sea between years 1980 and 2000. The model allows us to study the effect of climatic (arctic oscillation index, AO) and seasonal (river discharge and ice concentration) environmental covariates on SST and SSS. The results show that the hydrographical response to environmental covariates vary considerably between different regions of the Kara Sea. River discharge decreases SSS in the shallow shelf area and has a neutral effect in the northern Kara Sea. The responses of SST to AO and river discharge vary in south-north direction. Ice concentration has the most constant effect across Kara Sea. We estimated also the average SST and SSS in the Kara Sea in 1980-2000. The average August SST over the Kara Sea in 1995-2000 was higher than the respective average in 1980-1984 with 99.9 % probability as SSS decreased with 77 % probability. We found a support that the winter season AO has an impact on the summer season hydrographical conditions, and decadal temporal trends may be related to the varying level of winter season AO index. Peer reviewed |
author2 |
Environmental Sciences Department of Mathematics and Statistics Biosciences Biostatistics Helsinki Environmental and Ecological Statistics Group |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mäkinen, Jussi Antti-Eerikki Vanhatalo, Jarno Petteri |
author_facet |
Mäkinen, Jussi Antti-Eerikki Vanhatalo, Jarno Petteri |
author_sort |
Mäkinen, Jussi Antti-Eerikki |
title |
Hydrographic responses to regional covariates across the Kara Sea |
title_short |
Hydrographic responses to regional covariates across the Kara Sea |
title_full |
Hydrographic responses to regional covariates across the Kara Sea |
title_fullStr |
Hydrographic responses to regional covariates across the Kara Sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hydrographic responses to regional covariates across the Kara Sea |
title_sort |
hydrographic responses to regional covariates across the kara sea |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/178035 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Kara Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Kara Sea |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Kara Sea Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Kara Sea Sea ice |
op_relation |
10.1002/2016JC011981 SUOMEN AKATEMIA Valtion perusrahoitus/hankkeet Unknown funder Academy of Finland Mäkinen , J A-E & Vanhatalo , J P 2016 , ' Hydrographic responses to regional covariates across the Kara Sea ' , Journal of Geophysical Research : Oceans , vol. 121 , no. 12 , pp. 8872-8887 . https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC011981 ORCID: /0000-0001-6599-8279/work/40902819 85007370116 6873490d-4299-4b7f-9d31-a009fd9640ef http://hdl.handle.net/10138/178035 000393140400026 |
op_rights |
openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
container_volume |
121 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
8872 |
op_container_end_page |
8887 |
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1787422325695578112 |