Virus-host systems in sea ice
Virus-host systems in sea ice Sea ice is one of the largest habitats on Earth. A specialized microbial community lives inside the narrow brine channels that are formed during freezing process, when salt and other components from sea water concentrate between ice crystals. These microbes have an acti...
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Helsingin yliopisto
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/176909 2023-08-20T04:01:12+02:00 Virus-host systems in sea ice Luhtanen, Anne-Mari Sundberg, Lotta-Riina University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Department of Biosciences, Division of General Microbiology Finnish Environment Institute, Marine Research Centre Helsingin yliopisto, bio- ja ympäristötieteellinen tiedekunta, biotieteiden laitos Helsingfors universitet, bio- och miljövetenskapliga fakulteten, biovetenskapliga institutionen Bamford, Dennis Autio, Riitta Roine, Elina 2017-03-09T08:44:21Z application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/176909 eng eng Helsingin yliopisto Helsingfors universitet University of Helsinki URN:ISBN:978-951-51-3039-6 Unigrafia Oy: Walter and Andrée de Nottbeck Foundation, 2017, Walter ja Andrée de Nottbeck Foundation scientific reports. 0358-6758 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/176909 URN:ISBN:978-951-51-3040-2 Julkaisu on tekijänoikeussäännösten alainen. Teosta voi lukea ja tulostaa henkilökohtaista käyttöä varten. Käyttö kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin on kielletty. This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited. Publikationen är skyddad av upphovsrätten. Den får läsas och skrivas ut för personligt bruk. Användning i kommersiellt syfte är förbjuden. yleinen mikrobiologia Text Doctoral dissertation (article-based) Artikkeliväitöskirja Artikelavhandling doctoralThesis 2017 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-07-28T06:26:21Z Virus-host systems in sea ice Sea ice is one of the largest habitats on Earth. A specialized microbial community lives inside the narrow brine channels that are formed during freezing process, when salt and other components from sea water concentrate between ice crystals. These microbes have an active role in the biogeochemistry of the sea ice by primary production, degradation of material and excreation of compounds, which effect the gas exchange between the ocean and atmosphere and the nutrient status of the under ice sea. Sea ice microbial community consist of auto- and heterotrophic protists, prokaryotes and viruses. The main heterotrophs are the bacteria. Viruses are the most abundant lifeform on Earth. They are found everywhere where there is life and they infect all kinds of cells. Infections are crucial for viruses because they can reproduce only by using a host cell to produce new virus particles. Majority of the viruses infect the most numerous cells on Earth, the prokaryotes, i.e. bacteria and archaea. Viruses infecting bacteria (bacteriophages or phages) are a major factor in bacterial mortality. They can also control the community composition of bacteria because of the high specificity of the infection. Bacteria have different mechanisms to avoid phage infections and phages need to evolve to be able to reproduce. This arms race of phages and bacteria can lead to co-evolution. Although viruses are known to have significant effects on bacterial communities in various habitats, not much is known about the viruses in the sea ice. Before this project, only three isolates have been reported from the Arctic sea ice. The aim in this thesis was to get a better understanding of the phages and their role in sea ice. For that, isolation, cultivation and purification methods needed to be developed and optimized. Bacteria and phages were isolated from samples taken from Baltic and Antarctic sea ice. The phage particles were purified and characterized by their morphology, structural protein patterns and host ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Sea ice Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto Arctic Antarctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
yleinen mikrobiologia |
spellingShingle |
yleinen mikrobiologia Luhtanen, Anne-Mari Virus-host systems in sea ice |
topic_facet |
yleinen mikrobiologia |
description |
Virus-host systems in sea ice Sea ice is one of the largest habitats on Earth. A specialized microbial community lives inside the narrow brine channels that are formed during freezing process, when salt and other components from sea water concentrate between ice crystals. These microbes have an active role in the biogeochemistry of the sea ice by primary production, degradation of material and excreation of compounds, which effect the gas exchange between the ocean and atmosphere and the nutrient status of the under ice sea. Sea ice microbial community consist of auto- and heterotrophic protists, prokaryotes and viruses. The main heterotrophs are the bacteria. Viruses are the most abundant lifeform on Earth. They are found everywhere where there is life and they infect all kinds of cells. Infections are crucial for viruses because they can reproduce only by using a host cell to produce new virus particles. Majority of the viruses infect the most numerous cells on Earth, the prokaryotes, i.e. bacteria and archaea. Viruses infecting bacteria (bacteriophages or phages) are a major factor in bacterial mortality. They can also control the community composition of bacteria because of the high specificity of the infection. Bacteria have different mechanisms to avoid phage infections and phages need to evolve to be able to reproduce. This arms race of phages and bacteria can lead to co-evolution. Although viruses are known to have significant effects on bacterial communities in various habitats, not much is known about the viruses in the sea ice. Before this project, only three isolates have been reported from the Arctic sea ice. The aim in this thesis was to get a better understanding of the phages and their role in sea ice. For that, isolation, cultivation and purification methods needed to be developed and optimized. Bacteria and phages were isolated from samples taken from Baltic and Antarctic sea ice. The phage particles were purified and characterized by their morphology, structural protein patterns and host ... |
author2 |
Sundberg, Lotta-Riina University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Department of Biosciences, Division of General Microbiology Finnish Environment Institute, Marine Research Centre Helsingin yliopisto, bio- ja ympäristötieteellinen tiedekunta, biotieteiden laitos Helsingfors universitet, bio- och miljövetenskapliga fakulteten, biovetenskapliga institutionen Bamford, Dennis Autio, Riitta Roine, Elina |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Luhtanen, Anne-Mari |
author_facet |
Luhtanen, Anne-Mari |
author_sort |
Luhtanen, Anne-Mari |
title |
Virus-host systems in sea ice |
title_short |
Virus-host systems in sea ice |
title_full |
Virus-host systems in sea ice |
title_fullStr |
Virus-host systems in sea ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Virus-host systems in sea ice |
title_sort |
virus-host systems in sea ice |
publisher |
Helsingin yliopisto |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/176909 |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Sea ice |
op_relation |
URN:ISBN:978-951-51-3039-6 Unigrafia Oy: Walter and Andrée de Nottbeck Foundation, 2017, Walter ja Andrée de Nottbeck Foundation scientific reports. 0358-6758 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/176909 URN:ISBN:978-951-51-3040-2 |
op_rights |
Julkaisu on tekijänoikeussäännösten alainen. Teosta voi lukea ja tulostaa henkilökohtaista käyttöä varten. Käyttö kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin on kielletty. This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited. Publikationen är skyddad av upphovsrätten. Den får läsas och skrivas ut för personligt bruk. Användning i kommersiellt syfte är förbjuden. |
_version_ |
1774723423805636608 |