How do air ions reflect variations in ionising radiation in the lower atmosphere in a boreal forest?
Most of the ion production in the atmosphere is attributed to ionising radiation. In the lower atmosphere, ionising radiation consists mainly of the decay emissions of radon and its progeny, gamma radiation of the terrestrial origin as well as photons and elementary particles of cosmic radiation. Th...
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COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
2016
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10138/170124 |
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ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/170124 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhelsihelda |
language |
English |
topic |
NUCLEATION MODE PARTICLES SCOTS PINE FOREST MOBILITY ANALYZER NANOMETER PARTICLES SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS AEROSOL NUCLEATION EXTERNAL RADIATION SPECTROMETER NAIS CHARGED CLUSTERS NEUTRAL CLUSTER 114 Physical sciences |
spellingShingle |
NUCLEATION MODE PARTICLES SCOTS PINE FOREST MOBILITY ANALYZER NANOMETER PARTICLES SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS AEROSOL NUCLEATION EXTERNAL RADIATION SPECTROMETER NAIS CHARGED CLUSTERS NEUTRAL CLUSTER 114 Physical sciences Chen, Xuemeng Kerminen, Veli-Matti Paatero, Jussi Paasonen, Pauli Manninen, Hanna E. Nieminen, Tuomo Petäjä, Tuukka Kulmala, Markku How do air ions reflect variations in ionising radiation in the lower atmosphere in a boreal forest? |
topic_facet |
NUCLEATION MODE PARTICLES SCOTS PINE FOREST MOBILITY ANALYZER NANOMETER PARTICLES SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS AEROSOL NUCLEATION EXTERNAL RADIATION SPECTROMETER NAIS CHARGED CLUSTERS NEUTRAL CLUSTER 114 Physical sciences |
description |
Most of the ion production in the atmosphere is attributed to ionising radiation. In the lower atmosphere, ionising radiation consists mainly of the decay emissions of radon and its progeny, gamma radiation of the terrestrial origin as well as photons and elementary particles of cosmic radiation. These types of radiation produce ion pairs via the ionisation of nitrogen and oxygen as well as trace species in the atmosphere, the rate of which is defined as the ionising capacity. Larger air ions are produced out of the initial charge carriers by processes such as clustering or attachment to preexisting aerosol particles. This study aimed (1) to identify the key factors responsible for the variability in ionising radiation and in the observed air ion concentrations, (2) to reveal the linkage between them and (3) to provide an in-depth analysis into the effects of ionising radiation on air ion formation, based on measurement data collected during 2003-2006 from a boreal forest site in southern Finland. In general, gamma radiation dominated the ion production in the lower atmosphere. Variations in the ionising capacity came from mixing layer dynamics, soil type and moisture content, meteorological conditions, long-distance transportation, snow cover attenuation and precipitation. Slightly similar diurnal patterns to variations in the ionising capacity were observed in air ion concentrations of the cluster size (0.8-1.7 nm in mobility diameters). However, features observed in the 0.81 nm ion concentration were in good connection to variations of the ionising capacity. Further, by carefully constraining perturbing variables, a strong dependency of the cluster ion concentration on the ionising capacity was identified, proving the functionality of ionising radiation in air ion production in the lower atmosphere. This relationship, however, was only clearly observed on new particle formation (NPF) days, possibly indicating that charges after being born underwent different processes on NPF days and non-event days and also ... |
author2 |
Department of Physics Aerosol-Cloud-Climate -Interactions (ACCI) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Chen, Xuemeng Kerminen, Veli-Matti Paatero, Jussi Paasonen, Pauli Manninen, Hanna E. Nieminen, Tuomo Petäjä, Tuukka Kulmala, Markku |
author_facet |
Chen, Xuemeng Kerminen, Veli-Matti Paatero, Jussi Paasonen, Pauli Manninen, Hanna E. Nieminen, Tuomo Petäjä, Tuukka Kulmala, Markku |
author_sort |
Chen, Xuemeng |
title |
How do air ions reflect variations in ionising radiation in the lower atmosphere in a boreal forest? |
title_short |
How do air ions reflect variations in ionising radiation in the lower atmosphere in a boreal forest? |
title_full |
How do air ions reflect variations in ionising radiation in the lower atmosphere in a boreal forest? |
title_fullStr |
How do air ions reflect variations in ionising radiation in the lower atmosphere in a boreal forest? |
title_full_unstemmed |
How do air ions reflect variations in ionising radiation in the lower atmosphere in a boreal forest? |
title_sort |
how do air ions reflect variations in ionising radiation in the lower atmosphere in a boreal forest? |
publisher |
COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10138/170124 |
genre |
Arctic The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Arctic The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
10.5194/acp-16-14297-2016 This work received funding support from the Academy of Finland Centre of Excellence (project no. 272041 and 1118615), European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 654109 (ACTRIS-2) as well as the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013 ACTRIS) under grant agreement no. 262254. Also the CRyosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in a Changing arctic Climate (CRAICC) project of the Nordic Centre of Excellence is acknowledged. The authors appreciate the valuable communication with Jaana Back, Pasi Kolari, Anne Hirsikko and Juha Hatakka. Chen , X , Kerminen , V-M , Paatero , J , Paasonen , P , Manninen , H E , Nieminen , T , Petäjä , T & Kulmala , M 2016 , ' How do air ions reflect variations in ionising radiation in the lower atmosphere in a boreal forest? ' , Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics , vol. 16 , no. 22 , pp. 14297-14315 . https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14297-2016 ORCID: /0000-0002-4625-9590/work/29941231 ORCID: /0000-0002-7731-6842/work/31522399 ORCID: /0000-0002-1881-9044/work/102822956 84996931591 144c32da-7772-4c8c-b0f2-380f29017e48 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/170124 000387861000008 |
op_rights |
cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
_version_ |
1787421572535943168 |
spelling |
ftunivhelsihelda:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/170124 2024-01-07T09:40:47+01:00 How do air ions reflect variations in ionising radiation in the lower atmosphere in a boreal forest? Chen, Xuemeng Kerminen, Veli-Matti Paatero, Jussi Paasonen, Pauli Manninen, Hanna E. Nieminen, Tuomo Petäjä, Tuukka Kulmala, Markku Department of Physics Aerosol-Cloud-Climate -Interactions (ACCI) 2016-12-09T07:58:04Z 19 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10138/170124 eng eng COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH 10.5194/acp-16-14297-2016 This work received funding support from the Academy of Finland Centre of Excellence (project no. 272041 and 1118615), European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 654109 (ACTRIS-2) as well as the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013 ACTRIS) under grant agreement no. 262254. Also the CRyosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in a Changing arctic Climate (CRAICC) project of the Nordic Centre of Excellence is acknowledged. The authors appreciate the valuable communication with Jaana Back, Pasi Kolari, Anne Hirsikko and Juha Hatakka. Chen , X , Kerminen , V-M , Paatero , J , Paasonen , P , Manninen , H E , Nieminen , T , Petäjä , T & Kulmala , M 2016 , ' How do air ions reflect variations in ionising radiation in the lower atmosphere in a boreal forest? ' , Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics , vol. 16 , no. 22 , pp. 14297-14315 . https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14297-2016 ORCID: /0000-0002-4625-9590/work/29941231 ORCID: /0000-0002-7731-6842/work/31522399 ORCID: /0000-0002-1881-9044/work/102822956 84996931591 144c32da-7772-4c8c-b0f2-380f29017e48 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/170124 000387861000008 cc_by openAccess info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess NUCLEATION MODE PARTICLES SCOTS PINE FOREST MOBILITY ANALYZER NANOMETER PARTICLES SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS AEROSOL NUCLEATION EXTERNAL RADIATION SPECTROMETER NAIS CHARGED CLUSTERS NEUTRAL CLUSTER 114 Physical sciences Article publishedVersion 2016 ftunivhelsihelda 2023-12-14T00:13:51Z Most of the ion production in the atmosphere is attributed to ionising radiation. In the lower atmosphere, ionising radiation consists mainly of the decay emissions of radon and its progeny, gamma radiation of the terrestrial origin as well as photons and elementary particles of cosmic radiation. These types of radiation produce ion pairs via the ionisation of nitrogen and oxygen as well as trace species in the atmosphere, the rate of which is defined as the ionising capacity. Larger air ions are produced out of the initial charge carriers by processes such as clustering or attachment to preexisting aerosol particles. This study aimed (1) to identify the key factors responsible for the variability in ionising radiation and in the observed air ion concentrations, (2) to reveal the linkage between them and (3) to provide an in-depth analysis into the effects of ionising radiation on air ion formation, based on measurement data collected during 2003-2006 from a boreal forest site in southern Finland. In general, gamma radiation dominated the ion production in the lower atmosphere. Variations in the ionising capacity came from mixing layer dynamics, soil type and moisture content, meteorological conditions, long-distance transportation, snow cover attenuation and precipitation. Slightly similar diurnal patterns to variations in the ionising capacity were observed in air ion concentrations of the cluster size (0.8-1.7 nm in mobility diameters). However, features observed in the 0.81 nm ion concentration were in good connection to variations of the ionising capacity. Further, by carefully constraining perturbing variables, a strong dependency of the cluster ion concentration on the ionising capacity was identified, proving the functionality of ionising radiation in air ion production in the lower atmosphere. This relationship, however, was only clearly observed on new particle formation (NPF) days, possibly indicating that charges after being born underwent different processes on NPF days and non-event days and also ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic The Cryosphere HELDA – University of Helsinki Open Repository |