The effect of different light spectra on berry callus pigment accumulation, lipid composition and secondary metabolism

• Main Author: Åman, Olli
• Other Authors: Helsingin yliopisto, Farmasian tiedekunta, University of Helsinki, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helsingfors universitet, Farmaceutiska fakulteten
• Format: Master Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: Helsingfors universitet 2014
• Subjects: LED; secondary metabolism; anthocyanin; plant phenols; fatty acid; plant cell cultures; light quality; photoreceptor; sekundaarimetabolismi; antosyaani; kasvifenolit; rasvahappo; kasvisoluviljelmä; valon laatu; valoreseptori; Farmaceutisk biologi; Pharmacological biology; Farmaseuttinen biologia; Arctic
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/144491

Plant cells in plant cell cultures can be used for production of secondary metabolites and recombinant proteins. Producing the desired compounds can be problematic since cells grow slowly, yields can be low and sometimes plant cells do not produce the desired compounds. Yields can be increased by various methods, of which optimisation of growth conditions to favour growth and secondary metabolite biosynthesis is one of various strategies. Light quality is known to have an impact on growth of plants and on accumulation of secondary metabolites. Plants receive information of their environment with photoreceptors, which gives plants ability to alter their morphology and biochemistry to adapt to the prevailing conditions. One of the most important factors involved in controlling morphology and metabolism is activity of bZIP protein HY5, which levels are controlled by degradation by E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1. The photoreceptors are divided to three main groups. A group of Blue/UV-A photoreceptors consists of cryptochromes and phototropins. Phytochromes are photochrome photoreceptors of wavebands of red and far-red. UVR8 photoreceptors are specialized to sense UV-B wavebands. Activated photoreceptors reduce the activity of COP1 individually or inductively. Plant cells contain the same genetic information as intact plants. Object of this study is to investigate effects of different light spectra on plant cell mass pigment accumulation, lipid content and accumulation of secondary metabolites. Additionally, the obtained results can be utilized in designing new artificial light sources to enhance growth and nutritional value of horticultured plants grown under artificial light. VTT's callus cultures established from berries of Rubus (raspberry, cloudberry, arctic bramble) and Vaccinium (lingonberry, bilberry, cranberry) were used in this study. The cell cultures were grown in hormone balanced solid media. For this research Valoya provided four different LED light sources with different spectra, ranging between wavebands ...