Contribution of changes in atmospheric circulation patterns to extreme temperature trends
Surface weather conditions are closely governed by the large-scale circulation of the atmosphere. Recent increases in the occurrence of some extreme weather phenomena have led to multiple mechanistic hypotheses linking changes in atmospheric circulation to increasing extreme event probability. Howev...
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ftunivhawaiimano:oai:scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu:10125/39965 2024-09-09T19:26:00+00:00 Contribution of changes in atmospheric circulation patterns to extreme temperature trends Horton, Daniel E. Johnson, Nathaniel C. Singh, Deepti Swain, Daniel L. Rajaratnam, Bala Diffenbaugh, Noah S. 2015-06 41 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10125/39965 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14550 en-US eng Nature http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v522/n7557/full/nature14550.html http://hdl.handle.net/10125/39965 doi:10.1038/nature14550 Article Text 2015 ftunivhawaiimano https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14550 2024-08-06T23:39:42Z Surface weather conditions are closely governed by the large-scale circulation of the atmosphere. Recent increases in the occurrence of some extreme weather phenomena have led to multiple mechanistic hypotheses linking changes in atmospheric circulation to increasing extreme event probability. However, observed evidence of long-term change in atmospheric circulation remains inconclusive. Here we identify statistically significant trends in the occurrence of mid-atmospheric circulation patterns, which partially explain observed trends in surface temperature extremes over seven mid-latitude regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Utilizing self-organizing map (SOM) cluster analysis, we detect robust pattern trends in a subset of these regions during both the satellite observation era (1979–2013) and the recent period of rapid Arctic sea ice decline (1990–2013). Particularly substantial influences include the contribution of increasing trends in anticyclonic circulations to summer/autumn hot extremes over portions of Eurasia and North America, and the contribution of increasing trends in northerly flow to winter cold extremes over central Asia. Our results indicate that although a substantial portion of the observed change in extreme temperature occurrence has resulted from regional- and global-scale thermodynamic changes, the risk of extreme temperatures over some regions has also been altered by recent changes in the frequency, persistence, and/or maximum duration of regional circulation patterns. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Sea ice ScholarSpace at University of Hawaii at Manoa Arctic Nature 522 7557 465 469 |
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ScholarSpace at University of Hawaii at Manoa |
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ftunivhawaiimano |
language |
English |
description |
Surface weather conditions are closely governed by the large-scale circulation of the atmosphere. Recent increases in the occurrence of some extreme weather phenomena have led to multiple mechanistic hypotheses linking changes in atmospheric circulation to increasing extreme event probability. However, observed evidence of long-term change in atmospheric circulation remains inconclusive. Here we identify statistically significant trends in the occurrence of mid-atmospheric circulation patterns, which partially explain observed trends in surface temperature extremes over seven mid-latitude regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Utilizing self-organizing map (SOM) cluster analysis, we detect robust pattern trends in a subset of these regions during both the satellite observation era (1979–2013) and the recent period of rapid Arctic sea ice decline (1990–2013). Particularly substantial influences include the contribution of increasing trends in anticyclonic circulations to summer/autumn hot extremes over portions of Eurasia and North America, and the contribution of increasing trends in northerly flow to winter cold extremes over central Asia. Our results indicate that although a substantial portion of the observed change in extreme temperature occurrence has resulted from regional- and global-scale thermodynamic changes, the risk of extreme temperatures over some regions has also been altered by recent changes in the frequency, persistence, and/or maximum duration of regional circulation patterns. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Horton, Daniel E. Johnson, Nathaniel C. Singh, Deepti Swain, Daniel L. Rajaratnam, Bala Diffenbaugh, Noah S. |
spellingShingle |
Horton, Daniel E. Johnson, Nathaniel C. Singh, Deepti Swain, Daniel L. Rajaratnam, Bala Diffenbaugh, Noah S. Contribution of changes in atmospheric circulation patterns to extreme temperature trends |
author_facet |
Horton, Daniel E. Johnson, Nathaniel C. Singh, Deepti Swain, Daniel L. Rajaratnam, Bala Diffenbaugh, Noah S. |
author_sort |
Horton, Daniel E. |
title |
Contribution of changes in atmospheric circulation patterns to extreme temperature trends |
title_short |
Contribution of changes in atmospheric circulation patterns to extreme temperature trends |
title_full |
Contribution of changes in atmospheric circulation patterns to extreme temperature trends |
title_fullStr |
Contribution of changes in atmospheric circulation patterns to extreme temperature trends |
title_full_unstemmed |
Contribution of changes in atmospheric circulation patterns to extreme temperature trends |
title_sort |
contribution of changes in atmospheric circulation patterns to extreme temperature trends |
publisher |
Nature |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10125/39965 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14550 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Sea ice |
op_relation |
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v522/n7557/full/nature14550.html http://hdl.handle.net/10125/39965 doi:10.1038/nature14550 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14550 |
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Nature |
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522 |
container_issue |
7557 |
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465 |
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469 |
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1809895709298655232 |