Dimethylsulfide in the marine atmosphere : from the cradle to the grave
Ph.D. University of Hawaii at Manoa 2010. Includes bibliographical references. Air-sea exchange has profound implications for biogeochemical cycling and climate. Sea-to-air transfer of the biologically produced dimethylsulfide (DMS) is of particular interest because the gas is a precursor to sulfate...
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ftunivhawaiimano:oai:scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu:10125/101960 2023-05-15T18:25:50+02:00 Dimethylsulfide in the marine atmosphere : from the cradle to the grave Yang, Mingxi 2010-12 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10125/101960 eng eng [Honolulu] : [University of Hawaii at Manoa], [December 2010] Theses for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (University of Hawaii at Manoa). Oceanography. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/101960 dimethylsulfide air-sea exchange Thesis Text 2010 ftunivhawaiimano 2022-07-17T13:30:38Z Ph.D. University of Hawaii at Manoa 2010. Includes bibliographical references. Air-sea exchange has profound implications for biogeochemical cycling and climate. Sea-to-air transfer of the biologically produced dimethylsulfide (DMS) is of particular interest because the gas is a precursor to sulfate aerosols, which affect atmospheric chemistry and earth's radiative balance. In my dissertation, I discuss the air-sea exchange of DMS and the oxidation of DMS in the marine atmosphere. Chapter 1 provides background information on the formation of seawater DMS, theories behind air-sea exchange, oxidative destruction of DMS in the atmosphere, and the climatic impacts of sulfate aerosols. I also briefly describe our method for measuring DMS sea-to-air flux and provide an example of elevated DMS field near a front between two water masses. In Chapter 2, I compare air-sea transfer velocity measurements from the Southern Ocean to previous observations in temperate and tropical regions. I show that DMS transfer is suppressed in cold waters at high latitudes, not only due to reduced diffusivity, but also increased solubility. The transfer velocity of DMS is lower than those of the less soluble gases also because of this solubility effect. I shift my focus to biogeochemistry in the stratocumulus clouds topped Southeast Pacific in Chapter 3 and 4. In Chapter 3, based on shipboard and aircraft measurements, I estimate an average effective hydroxyl radical concentration from the budget analysis of DMS. In Chapter 4, I use a similar budget approach to analyze the diel cycles of sulfur dioxide and sulfate aerosols. I find that the dynamics of the boundary layer, which alternates from being coupled at night to decoupled during the day, significantly affects observed chemical concentrations. I also provide examples of recent particle formation observed on the ship and aircraft, which were often associated with drizzle events and open cell structures in the clouds. Along with results from Chapter 3, I summarize the atmospheric ... Thesis Southern Ocean ScholarSpace at University of Hawaii at Manoa Pacific Southern Ocean |
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dimethylsulfide air-sea exchange |
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dimethylsulfide air-sea exchange Yang, Mingxi Dimethylsulfide in the marine atmosphere : from the cradle to the grave |
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dimethylsulfide air-sea exchange |
description |
Ph.D. University of Hawaii at Manoa 2010. Includes bibliographical references. Air-sea exchange has profound implications for biogeochemical cycling and climate. Sea-to-air transfer of the biologically produced dimethylsulfide (DMS) is of particular interest because the gas is a precursor to sulfate aerosols, which affect atmospheric chemistry and earth's radiative balance. In my dissertation, I discuss the air-sea exchange of DMS and the oxidation of DMS in the marine atmosphere. Chapter 1 provides background information on the formation of seawater DMS, theories behind air-sea exchange, oxidative destruction of DMS in the atmosphere, and the climatic impacts of sulfate aerosols. I also briefly describe our method for measuring DMS sea-to-air flux and provide an example of elevated DMS field near a front between two water masses. In Chapter 2, I compare air-sea transfer velocity measurements from the Southern Ocean to previous observations in temperate and tropical regions. I show that DMS transfer is suppressed in cold waters at high latitudes, not only due to reduced diffusivity, but also increased solubility. The transfer velocity of DMS is lower than those of the less soluble gases also because of this solubility effect. I shift my focus to biogeochemistry in the stratocumulus clouds topped Southeast Pacific in Chapter 3 and 4. In Chapter 3, based on shipboard and aircraft measurements, I estimate an average effective hydroxyl radical concentration from the budget analysis of DMS. In Chapter 4, I use a similar budget approach to analyze the diel cycles of sulfur dioxide and sulfate aerosols. I find that the dynamics of the boundary layer, which alternates from being coupled at night to decoupled during the day, significantly affects observed chemical concentrations. I also provide examples of recent particle formation observed on the ship and aircraft, which were often associated with drizzle events and open cell structures in the clouds. Along with results from Chapter 3, I summarize the atmospheric ... |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Yang, Mingxi |
author_facet |
Yang, Mingxi |
author_sort |
Yang, Mingxi |
title |
Dimethylsulfide in the marine atmosphere : from the cradle to the grave |
title_short |
Dimethylsulfide in the marine atmosphere : from the cradle to the grave |
title_full |
Dimethylsulfide in the marine atmosphere : from the cradle to the grave |
title_fullStr |
Dimethylsulfide in the marine atmosphere : from the cradle to the grave |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dimethylsulfide in the marine atmosphere : from the cradle to the grave |
title_sort |
dimethylsulfide in the marine atmosphere : from the cradle to the grave |
publisher |
[Honolulu] : [University of Hawaii at Manoa], [December 2010] |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10125/101960 |
geographic |
Pacific Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Pacific Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
Theses for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (University of Hawaii at Manoa). Oceanography. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/101960 |
_version_ |
1766207515364687872 |