Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland
The 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, on the Bárðarbunga volcanic system in central Iceland, was one of the best-monitored basaltic fissure eruptions that has ever occurred, and presents a unique opportunity to link petrological and geochemical data with geophysical observations during a major rifting e...
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ftunivhannover:oai:www.repo.uni-hannover.de:123456789/3392 2023-07-16T03:59:07+02:00 Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland Hartley, Margaret E. Bali, Enikö Maclennan, John Neave, David A. Halldórsson, Saemundur A. 2018 http://www.repo.uni-hannover.de/handle/123456789/3392 https://doi.org/10.15488/3362 eng eng Heidelberg : Springer Verlag DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-017-1435-0 ISSN:0010-7999 http://dx.doi.org/10.15488/3362 http://www.repo.uni-hannover.de/handle/123456789/3392 CC BY 4.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ frei zugänglich Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 173 (2018), Nr. 2 Crystallization Holuhraun Iceland Melt barometry Melt inclusions ddc:550 status-type:publishedVersion doc-type:Article doc-type:Text 2018 ftunivhannover https://doi.org/10.15488/336210.1007/s00410-017-1435-0 2023-06-28T10:36:57Z The 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, on the Bárðarbunga volcanic system in central Iceland, was one of the best-monitored basaltic fissure eruptions that has ever occurred, and presents a unique opportunity to link petrological and geochemical data with geophysical observations during a major rifting episode. We present major and trace element analyses of melt inclusions and matrix glasses from a suite of ten samples collected over the course of the Holuhraun eruption. The diversity of trace element ratios such as La/Yb in Holuhraun melt inclusions reveals that the magma evolved via concurrent mixing and crystallization of diverse primary melts in the mid-crust. Using olivine–plagioclase–augite–melt (OPAM) barometry, we calculate that the Holuhraun carrier melt equilibrated at 2.1 ± 0.7 kbar (7.5 ± 2.5 km), which is in agreement with the depths of earthquakes (6 ± 1 km) between Bárðarbunga central volcano and the eruption site in the days preceding eruption onset. Using the same approach, melt inclusions equilibrated at pressures between 0.5 and 8.0 kbar, with the most probable pressure being 3.2 kbar. Diffusion chronometry reveals minimum residence timescales of 1–12 days for melt inclusion-bearing macrocrysts in the Holuhraun carrier melt. By combining timescales of diffusive dehydration of melt inclusions with the calculated pressure of H2O saturation for the Holuhraun magma, we calculate indicative magma ascent rates of 0.12–0.29 m s−1. Our petrological and geochemical data are consistent with lateral magma transport from Bárðarbunga volcano to the eruption site in a shallow- to mid-crustal dyke, as has been suggested on the basis of seismic and geodetic datasets. This result is a significant step forward in reconciling petrological and geophysical interpretations of magma transport during volcano-tectonic episodes, and provides a critical framework for the interpretation of premonitory seismic and geodetic data in volcanically active regions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Institutional Repository of Leibniz Universität Hannover Holuhraun ENVELOPE(-16.831,-16.831,64.852,64.852) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Institutional Repository of Leibniz Universität Hannover |
op_collection_id |
ftunivhannover |
language |
English |
topic |
Crystallization Holuhraun Iceland Melt barometry Melt inclusions ddc:550 |
spellingShingle |
Crystallization Holuhraun Iceland Melt barometry Melt inclusions ddc:550 Hartley, Margaret E. Bali, Enikö Maclennan, John Neave, David A. Halldórsson, Saemundur A. Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland |
topic_facet |
Crystallization Holuhraun Iceland Melt barometry Melt inclusions ddc:550 |
description |
The 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, on the Bárðarbunga volcanic system in central Iceland, was one of the best-monitored basaltic fissure eruptions that has ever occurred, and presents a unique opportunity to link petrological and geochemical data with geophysical observations during a major rifting episode. We present major and trace element analyses of melt inclusions and matrix glasses from a suite of ten samples collected over the course of the Holuhraun eruption. The diversity of trace element ratios such as La/Yb in Holuhraun melt inclusions reveals that the magma evolved via concurrent mixing and crystallization of diverse primary melts in the mid-crust. Using olivine–plagioclase–augite–melt (OPAM) barometry, we calculate that the Holuhraun carrier melt equilibrated at 2.1 ± 0.7 kbar (7.5 ± 2.5 km), which is in agreement with the depths of earthquakes (6 ± 1 km) between Bárðarbunga central volcano and the eruption site in the days preceding eruption onset. Using the same approach, melt inclusions equilibrated at pressures between 0.5 and 8.0 kbar, with the most probable pressure being 3.2 kbar. Diffusion chronometry reveals minimum residence timescales of 1–12 days for melt inclusion-bearing macrocrysts in the Holuhraun carrier melt. By combining timescales of diffusive dehydration of melt inclusions with the calculated pressure of H2O saturation for the Holuhraun magma, we calculate indicative magma ascent rates of 0.12–0.29 m s−1. Our petrological and geochemical data are consistent with lateral magma transport from Bárðarbunga volcano to the eruption site in a shallow- to mid-crustal dyke, as has been suggested on the basis of seismic and geodetic datasets. This result is a significant step forward in reconciling petrological and geophysical interpretations of magma transport during volcano-tectonic episodes, and provides a critical framework for the interpretation of premonitory seismic and geodetic data in volcanically active regions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hartley, Margaret E. Bali, Enikö Maclennan, John Neave, David A. Halldórsson, Saemundur A. |
author_facet |
Hartley, Margaret E. Bali, Enikö Maclennan, John Neave, David A. Halldórsson, Saemundur A. |
author_sort |
Hartley, Margaret E. |
title |
Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland |
title_short |
Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland |
title_full |
Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland |
title_sort |
melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014–2015 holuhraun eruption, iceland |
publisher |
Heidelberg : Springer Verlag |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://www.repo.uni-hannover.de/handle/123456789/3392 https://doi.org/10.15488/3362 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-16.831,-16.831,64.852,64.852) |
geographic |
Holuhraun |
geographic_facet |
Holuhraun |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 173 (2018), Nr. 2 |
op_relation |
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-017-1435-0 ISSN:0010-7999 http://dx.doi.org/10.15488/3362 http://www.repo.uni-hannover.de/handle/123456789/3392 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ frei zugänglich |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.15488/336210.1007/s00410-017-1435-0 |
_version_ |
1771546630030360576 |