Current use organohalogen contaminant distributions in seawater and trophodynamics in marine and terrestrial food chains of the Canadian Arctic
This is a PhD thesis studying a broad range of contaminants in Canadian Arctic ecosystems and food chains. This thesis investigated the concentrations and bioaccumulation of current use organohalogen contaminants (OHCs) in the Canadian Arctic. Current use pesticides (CUPs), polybrominated diphenyl e...
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University of Guelph
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ftunivguelph:oai:atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca:10214/9221 2024-06-23T07:48:28+00:00 Current use organohalogen contaminant distributions in seawater and trophodynamics in marine and terrestrial food chains of the Canadian Arctic Morris, Adam David Solomon, Keith Aug-14 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10214/9221 en eng University of Guelph Morris AD, Muir, D.C.G., Solomon, K.R., Teixeira, C., Duric, M., Wang, X. 2014. Trophodynamics of current use pesticides and ecological relationships in the Bathurst Region vegetation-caribou-wolf food chain of the Canadian Arctic. Environ Toxicol Chem 33:1956-1966. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/9221 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 Canada http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ca/ Canada Organohalogen contaminants Bioaccumulation Biomagnification Arctic Marine Terrestrial Food chain Trophic dilution Trophic magnification Stable isotopes dietary tracers ecological relationships ecology Thesis ftunivguelph 2024-06-04T23:58:45Z This is a PhD thesis studying a broad range of contaminants in Canadian Arctic ecosystems and food chains. This thesis investigated the concentrations and bioaccumulation of current use organohalogen contaminants (OHCs) in the Canadian Arctic. Current use pesticides (CUPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and alternative halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) were measured in seawater, and their bioaccumulation processes in polar bear (Ursus maritimus)-ringed seal (Pusa hispida) food chains in three locations across Nunavut (Canada) were assessed. Their bioaccumulation was also evaluated throughout the Arctic wolf (Canis lupus) food chain in the Bathurst Region of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut. Concentrations of OHCs in the terrestrial and marine organisms were relatively similar (low to sub ng g-1 lipid weight). Volumetric bioconcentration factors (BCFv) and bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) indicated effective uptake of the CUPs, PBDEs and some alternative HFRs by terrestrial and marine organisms. Biomagnification of some octaBDEs, the nona–decaBDEs and total PBDEs (PBDE) was evident in wolves and caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus), and these compounds (with BDE28/33 and the HFR) underwent a small degree of trophic magnification in that food chain [trophic magnification factors (TMFs) = 1.3–2.1]. The CUPs had very limited biomagnification, and along with the alternative HFRs, all underwent trophic dilution (decreasing concentrations with increasing trophic level) through the terrestrial food chain. In seawater, CUPs, PBDEs and select alternative HFRs were detected at low pg L-1 concentrations. In the marine food chains, there was differential biomagnification of chlorothalonil, -endosulfan and -endosulfan in polar bears (BMFs >1 in some locations). All other significant BMFs for CUPs across the three locations were in lower TL interactions (e.g., plankton:algae). Only two PBDEs (BDE17 and BDE154) exhibited any biomagnification in ringed seals, at Barrow and Rae Straits alone. At ... Thesis Arctic Arctic Canis lupus Northwest Territories Nunavut Pusa hispida Rangifer tarandus ringed seal Ursus maritimus University of Guelph: DSpace digital archive Arctic Nunavut Northwest Territories Canada Nona ENVELOPE(16.451,16.451,68.922,68.922) Rae ENVELOPE(-116.053,-116.053,62.834,62.834) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Guelph: DSpace digital archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivguelph |
language |
English |
topic |
Canada Organohalogen contaminants Bioaccumulation Biomagnification Arctic Marine Terrestrial Food chain Trophic dilution Trophic magnification Stable isotopes dietary tracers ecological relationships ecology |
spellingShingle |
Canada Organohalogen contaminants Bioaccumulation Biomagnification Arctic Marine Terrestrial Food chain Trophic dilution Trophic magnification Stable isotopes dietary tracers ecological relationships ecology Morris, Adam David Current use organohalogen contaminant distributions in seawater and trophodynamics in marine and terrestrial food chains of the Canadian Arctic |
topic_facet |
Canada Organohalogen contaminants Bioaccumulation Biomagnification Arctic Marine Terrestrial Food chain Trophic dilution Trophic magnification Stable isotopes dietary tracers ecological relationships ecology |
description |
This is a PhD thesis studying a broad range of contaminants in Canadian Arctic ecosystems and food chains. This thesis investigated the concentrations and bioaccumulation of current use organohalogen contaminants (OHCs) in the Canadian Arctic. Current use pesticides (CUPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and alternative halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) were measured in seawater, and their bioaccumulation processes in polar bear (Ursus maritimus)-ringed seal (Pusa hispida) food chains in three locations across Nunavut (Canada) were assessed. Their bioaccumulation was also evaluated throughout the Arctic wolf (Canis lupus) food chain in the Bathurst Region of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut. Concentrations of OHCs in the terrestrial and marine organisms were relatively similar (low to sub ng g-1 lipid weight). Volumetric bioconcentration factors (BCFv) and bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) indicated effective uptake of the CUPs, PBDEs and some alternative HFRs by terrestrial and marine organisms. Biomagnification of some octaBDEs, the nona–decaBDEs and total PBDEs (PBDE) was evident in wolves and caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus), and these compounds (with BDE28/33 and the HFR) underwent a small degree of trophic magnification in that food chain [trophic magnification factors (TMFs) = 1.3–2.1]. The CUPs had very limited biomagnification, and along with the alternative HFRs, all underwent trophic dilution (decreasing concentrations with increasing trophic level) through the terrestrial food chain. In seawater, CUPs, PBDEs and select alternative HFRs were detected at low pg L-1 concentrations. In the marine food chains, there was differential biomagnification of chlorothalonil, -endosulfan and -endosulfan in polar bears (BMFs >1 in some locations). All other significant BMFs for CUPs across the three locations were in lower TL interactions (e.g., plankton:algae). Only two PBDEs (BDE17 and BDE154) exhibited any biomagnification in ringed seals, at Barrow and Rae Straits alone. At ... |
author2 |
Solomon, Keith |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Morris, Adam David |
author_facet |
Morris, Adam David |
author_sort |
Morris, Adam David |
title |
Current use organohalogen contaminant distributions in seawater and trophodynamics in marine and terrestrial food chains of the Canadian Arctic |
title_short |
Current use organohalogen contaminant distributions in seawater and trophodynamics in marine and terrestrial food chains of the Canadian Arctic |
title_full |
Current use organohalogen contaminant distributions in seawater and trophodynamics in marine and terrestrial food chains of the Canadian Arctic |
title_fullStr |
Current use organohalogen contaminant distributions in seawater and trophodynamics in marine and terrestrial food chains of the Canadian Arctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Current use organohalogen contaminant distributions in seawater and trophodynamics in marine and terrestrial food chains of the Canadian Arctic |
title_sort |
current use organohalogen contaminant distributions in seawater and trophodynamics in marine and terrestrial food chains of the canadian arctic |
publisher |
University of Guelph |
publishDate |
|
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10214/9221 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(16.451,16.451,68.922,68.922) ENVELOPE(-116.053,-116.053,62.834,62.834) |
geographic |
Arctic Nunavut Northwest Territories Canada Nona Rae |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Nunavut Northwest Territories Canada Nona Rae |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Canis lupus Northwest Territories Nunavut Pusa hispida Rangifer tarandus ringed seal Ursus maritimus |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Canis lupus Northwest Territories Nunavut Pusa hispida Rangifer tarandus ringed seal Ursus maritimus |
op_relation |
Morris AD, Muir, D.C.G., Solomon, K.R., Teixeira, C., Duric, M., Wang, X. 2014. Trophodynamics of current use pesticides and ecological relationships in the Bathurst Region vegetation-caribou-wolf food chain of the Canadian Arctic. Environ Toxicol Chem 33:1956-1966. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/9221 |
op_rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 Canada http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ca/ |
_version_ |
1802638879049646080 |