Natural behavioural biology as a risk factor in carnivore welfare: How analysing species differences could help zoos improve enclosures.
In captivity, some species often seem to thrive, while others are often prone to breeding problems, poor health, and repetitive stereotypic behaviour.Within carnivores, for instance, the brown bear, American mink and snow leopard typically adapt well to captivity and show few signs of poor welfare,...
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Applied Animal Behaviour Science
2007
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ftunivguelph:oai:atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca:10214/4732 2023-11-05T03:44:42+01:00 Natural behavioural biology as a risk factor in carnivore welfare: How analysing species differences could help zoos improve enclosures. Mason, G.J. Clubb, R. Department of Animal Biosciences 2007 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10214/4732 en eng Applied Animal Behaviour Science R. Clubb & G. Mason (2007). Natural behavioural biology as a risk factor in carnivore welfare: How analysing species differences could help zoos improve enclosures. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 102: 303 – 328. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/4732 All items in the Atrium are protected by copyright with all rights reserved unless otherwise indicated. carnivores zoo animals animal welfare stereotypy stereotypic behaviour comparative methods Article 2007 ftunivguelph 2023-10-08T06:12:48Z In captivity, some species often seem to thrive, while others are often prone to breeding problems, poor health, and repetitive stereotypic behaviour.Within carnivores, for instance, the brown bear, American mink and snow leopard typically adapt well to captivity and show few signs of poor welfare, while the clouded leopard and polar bear are generally hard to breed successfully and/or to prevent from performing abnormal behaviour. Understanding the fundamental source of such differences could enable reproductive success and behavioural normalcy to be improved in zoos and breeding centres, by increasing the appropriateness of the enclosure designs and environmental enrichments offered particular species, and by allowing these to be offered pre-emptively instead of reactively. Here, we demonstrate that a significant proportion of the variation in apparent welfare between captive carnivore species stems from specific aspects of natural behaviour. We tested pre-existing hypotheses that species-typical welfare is predicted by natural hunting behaviour, general activity levels, ranging, or territorial patrolling (all activities that are constrained in captivity), by collating data on median stereotypy levels and infant mortality for multiple captive species, and then regressing these against median values for the relevant aspects of natural behavioural biology (e.g. hunts per day, proportion of flesh in the diet, home-range size, etc.). Our results revealed that instead of relating to foraging (e.g. hunting), as often assumed, carnivore stereotypy levels are significantly predicted by natural ranging behaviour (e.g. home-range size and typical daily travel distances). Furthermore, naturally wide-ranging lifestyles also predicted relatively high captive infant mortality rates. These results suggest that enclosure designs and enrichments focussing on carnivores’ ranging tendencies (e.g. providing more space, multiple den sites, greater day-to-day environmental variability/novelty, and/or more control over exposure to ... Article in Journal/Newspaper polar bear University of Guelph: DSpace digital archive |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Guelph: DSpace digital archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivguelph |
language |
English |
topic |
carnivores zoo animals animal welfare stereotypy stereotypic behaviour comparative methods |
spellingShingle |
carnivores zoo animals animal welfare stereotypy stereotypic behaviour comparative methods Mason, G.J. Clubb, R. Natural behavioural biology as a risk factor in carnivore welfare: How analysing species differences could help zoos improve enclosures. |
topic_facet |
carnivores zoo animals animal welfare stereotypy stereotypic behaviour comparative methods |
description |
In captivity, some species often seem to thrive, while others are often prone to breeding problems, poor health, and repetitive stereotypic behaviour.Within carnivores, for instance, the brown bear, American mink and snow leopard typically adapt well to captivity and show few signs of poor welfare, while the clouded leopard and polar bear are generally hard to breed successfully and/or to prevent from performing abnormal behaviour. Understanding the fundamental source of such differences could enable reproductive success and behavioural normalcy to be improved in zoos and breeding centres, by increasing the appropriateness of the enclosure designs and environmental enrichments offered particular species, and by allowing these to be offered pre-emptively instead of reactively. Here, we demonstrate that a significant proportion of the variation in apparent welfare between captive carnivore species stems from specific aspects of natural behaviour. We tested pre-existing hypotheses that species-typical welfare is predicted by natural hunting behaviour, general activity levels, ranging, or territorial patrolling (all activities that are constrained in captivity), by collating data on median stereotypy levels and infant mortality for multiple captive species, and then regressing these against median values for the relevant aspects of natural behavioural biology (e.g. hunts per day, proportion of flesh in the diet, home-range size, etc.). Our results revealed that instead of relating to foraging (e.g. hunting), as often assumed, carnivore stereotypy levels are significantly predicted by natural ranging behaviour (e.g. home-range size and typical daily travel distances). Furthermore, naturally wide-ranging lifestyles also predicted relatively high captive infant mortality rates. These results suggest that enclosure designs and enrichments focussing on carnivores’ ranging tendencies (e.g. providing more space, multiple den sites, greater day-to-day environmental variability/novelty, and/or more control over exposure to ... |
author2 |
Department of Animal Biosciences |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mason, G.J. Clubb, R. |
author_facet |
Mason, G.J. Clubb, R. |
author_sort |
Mason, G.J. |
title |
Natural behavioural biology as a risk factor in carnivore welfare: How analysing species differences could help zoos improve enclosures. |
title_short |
Natural behavioural biology as a risk factor in carnivore welfare: How analysing species differences could help zoos improve enclosures. |
title_full |
Natural behavioural biology as a risk factor in carnivore welfare: How analysing species differences could help zoos improve enclosures. |
title_fullStr |
Natural behavioural biology as a risk factor in carnivore welfare: How analysing species differences could help zoos improve enclosures. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Natural behavioural biology as a risk factor in carnivore welfare: How analysing species differences could help zoos improve enclosures. |
title_sort |
natural behavioural biology as a risk factor in carnivore welfare: how analysing species differences could help zoos improve enclosures. |
publisher |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10214/4732 |
genre |
polar bear |
genre_facet |
polar bear |
op_relation |
R. Clubb & G. Mason (2007). Natural behavioural biology as a risk factor in carnivore welfare: How analysing species differences could help zoos improve enclosures. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 102: 303 – 328. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/4732 |
op_rights |
All items in the Atrium are protected by copyright with all rights reserved unless otherwise indicated. |
_version_ |
1781705306016841728 |