Characteristics of Rainfall Events Triggering Landslides in Two Climatologically Di erent Areas: Southern Ecuador and Southern Spain
In the research field on landslide hazard assessment for natural risk prediction and mitigation, it is necessary to know the characteristics of the triggering factors, such as rainfall and earthquakes, as well as possible. This work aims to generate and compare the basic information on rainfall even...
Published in: | Hydrology |
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Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Mdpi
2020
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10481/64914 https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology7030045 |
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ftunivgranada:oai:digibug.ugr.es:10481/64914 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DIGIBUG: Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Granada |
op_collection_id |
ftunivgranada |
language |
English |
topic |
Critical Rainfall Thresholds Climate cycles Trigger factors Correlation |
spellingShingle |
Critical Rainfall Thresholds Climate cycles Trigger factors Correlation Palenzuela Baena, José Antonio Soto Luzuriaga, John Egverto Irigaray Fernández, Clemente Characteristics of Rainfall Events Triggering Landslides in Two Climatologically Di erent Areas: Southern Ecuador and Southern Spain |
topic_facet |
Critical Rainfall Thresholds Climate cycles Trigger factors Correlation |
description |
In the research field on landslide hazard assessment for natural risk prediction and mitigation, it is necessary to know the characteristics of the triggering factors, such as rainfall and earthquakes, as well as possible. This work aims to generate and compare the basic information on rainfall events triggering landslides in two areas with di erent climate and geological settings: the Loja Basin in southern Ecuador and the southern part of the province of Granada in Spain. In addition, this paper gives preliminary insights on the correlation between these rainfall events and major climate cycles a ecting each of these study areas. To achieve these objectives, the information on previous studies on these areas was compiled and supplemented to obtain and compare Critical Rainfall Threshold (CRT). Additionally, a seven-month series of accumulated rainfall and mean climate indices were calculated from daily rainfall and monthly climate, respectively. This enabled the correlation between both rainfall and climate cycles. For both study areas, the CRT functions were fitted including the confidence and prediction bounds, and their statistical significance was also assessed. However, to overcome the major di culties to characterize each landslide event, the rainfall events associated with every landslide are deduced from the spikes showing uncommon return periods cumulative rainfall. Thus, the method used, which has been developed by the authors in previous research, avoids the need to preselect specific rainfall durations for each type of landslide. The information extracted from the findings of this work show that for the wetter area of Ecuador, CRT presents a lower scale factor indicating that lower values of accumulated rainfall are needed to trigger a landslide in this area. This is most likely attributed to the high soil saturation. The separate analysis of the landslide types in the case of southern Granada show very low statistical significance for translational slides, as a low number of data could be identified. However, better fit was obtained for rock falls, complex slides, and the global fit considering all landslide types with R2 values close to one. In the case of the Loja Basin, the ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) cycle shows a moderate positive correlation with accumulated rainfall in the wettest period, while for the case of the south of the province of Granada, a positive correlation was found between the NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) and the WeMO (Western Mediterranean Oscillation) climate time series and the accumulated rainfall. This correlation is highlighted when the aggregation (NAO + WeMO) of both climate indices is considered, reaching a Pearson coe cient of –0.55, and exceeding the average of the negative values of this combined index with significant rates in the hydrological years showing a higher number of documented landslides. Spanish Government CGL2008-04854 Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Technology and Innovation (SENESCYT) under the scholarship program "Open Call 2012 Second Phase" of the government of Ecuador |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Palenzuela Baena, José Antonio Soto Luzuriaga, John Egverto Irigaray Fernández, Clemente |
author_facet |
Palenzuela Baena, José Antonio Soto Luzuriaga, John Egverto Irigaray Fernández, Clemente |
author_sort |
Palenzuela Baena, José Antonio |
title |
Characteristics of Rainfall Events Triggering Landslides in Two Climatologically Di erent Areas: Southern Ecuador and Southern Spain |
title_short |
Characteristics of Rainfall Events Triggering Landslides in Two Climatologically Di erent Areas: Southern Ecuador and Southern Spain |
title_full |
Characteristics of Rainfall Events Triggering Landslides in Two Climatologically Di erent Areas: Southern Ecuador and Southern Spain |
title_fullStr |
Characteristics of Rainfall Events Triggering Landslides in Two Climatologically Di erent Areas: Southern Ecuador and Southern Spain |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characteristics of Rainfall Events Triggering Landslides in Two Climatologically Di erent Areas: Southern Ecuador and Southern Spain |
title_sort |
characteristics of rainfall events triggering landslides in two climatologically di erent areas: southern ecuador and southern spain |
publisher |
Mdpi |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10481/64914 https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology7030045 |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_relation |
Palenzuela Baena, J. A., Soto Luzuriaga, J., & Irigaray Fernández, C. (2020). Characteristics of rainfall events triggering landslides in two climatologically different areas: Southern Ecuador and Southern Spain. Hydrology, 7(3), 45. [ http://hdl.handle.net/10481/64914 doi:10.3390/hydrology7030045 |
op_rights |
Atribución 3.0 España http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology7030045 |
container_title |
Hydrology |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
45 |
_version_ |
1766137196315672576 |
spelling |
ftunivgranada:oai:digibug.ugr.es:10481/64914 2023-05-15T17:37:20+02:00 Characteristics of Rainfall Events Triggering Landslides in Two Climatologically Di erent Areas: Southern Ecuador and Southern Spain Palenzuela Baena, José Antonio Soto Luzuriaga, John Egverto Irigaray Fernández, Clemente 2020-07-21 http://hdl.handle.net/10481/64914 https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology7030045 eng eng Mdpi Palenzuela Baena, J. A., Soto Luzuriaga, J., & Irigaray Fernández, C. (2020). Characteristics of rainfall events triggering landslides in two climatologically different areas: Southern Ecuador and Southern Spain. Hydrology, 7(3), 45. [ http://hdl.handle.net/10481/64914 doi:10.3390/hydrology7030045 Atribución 3.0 España http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY Critical Rainfall Thresholds Climate cycles Trigger factors Correlation info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2020 ftunivgranada https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology7030045 2021-06-22T23:21:21Z In the research field on landslide hazard assessment for natural risk prediction and mitigation, it is necessary to know the characteristics of the triggering factors, such as rainfall and earthquakes, as well as possible. This work aims to generate and compare the basic information on rainfall events triggering landslides in two areas with di erent climate and geological settings: the Loja Basin in southern Ecuador and the southern part of the province of Granada in Spain. In addition, this paper gives preliminary insights on the correlation between these rainfall events and major climate cycles a ecting each of these study areas. To achieve these objectives, the information on previous studies on these areas was compiled and supplemented to obtain and compare Critical Rainfall Threshold (CRT). Additionally, a seven-month series of accumulated rainfall and mean climate indices were calculated from daily rainfall and monthly climate, respectively. This enabled the correlation between both rainfall and climate cycles. For both study areas, the CRT functions were fitted including the confidence and prediction bounds, and their statistical significance was also assessed. However, to overcome the major di culties to characterize each landslide event, the rainfall events associated with every landslide are deduced from the spikes showing uncommon return periods cumulative rainfall. Thus, the method used, which has been developed by the authors in previous research, avoids the need to preselect specific rainfall durations for each type of landslide. The information extracted from the findings of this work show that for the wetter area of Ecuador, CRT presents a lower scale factor indicating that lower values of accumulated rainfall are needed to trigger a landslide in this area. This is most likely attributed to the high soil saturation. The separate analysis of the landslide types in the case of southern Granada show very low statistical significance for translational slides, as a low number of data could be identified. However, better fit was obtained for rock falls, complex slides, and the global fit considering all landslide types with R2 values close to one. In the case of the Loja Basin, the ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) cycle shows a moderate positive correlation with accumulated rainfall in the wettest period, while for the case of the south of the province of Granada, a positive correlation was found between the NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) and the WeMO (Western Mediterranean Oscillation) climate time series and the accumulated rainfall. This correlation is highlighted when the aggregation (NAO + WeMO) of both climate indices is considered, reaching a Pearson coe cient of –0.55, and exceeding the average of the negative values of this combined index with significant rates in the hydrological years showing a higher number of documented landslides. Spanish Government CGL2008-04854 Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Technology and Innovation (SENESCYT) under the scholarship program "Open Call 2012 Second Phase" of the government of Ecuador Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation DIGIBUG: Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Granada Hydrology 7 3 45 |