Chronic stress and intestinal barrier function: Implications for infection and inflammation in intensive salmon aquaculture
Aquaculture is a fast growing food-producing sector worldwide. This has increased the awareness among the public as well as governments of the need to secure the welfare and health of farmed fish. Atlantic salmon is, in non-Asian countries, one of the most successful aquacultured species. Despite co...
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2009
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/2077/20826 |
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University of Gothenburg: GUPEA (Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive) |
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Intestinal barrier function stress cortisol Ussing chamber welfare health inflammation neutrophils cytokines chronic stress |
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Intestinal barrier function stress cortisol Ussing chamber welfare health inflammation neutrophils cytokines chronic stress Sundh, Henrik Chronic stress and intestinal barrier function: Implications for infection and inflammation in intensive salmon aquaculture |
topic_facet |
Intestinal barrier function stress cortisol Ussing chamber welfare health inflammation neutrophils cytokines chronic stress |
description |
Aquaculture is a fast growing food-producing sector worldwide. This has increased the awareness among the public as well as governments of the need to secure the welfare and health of farmed fish. Atlantic salmon is, in non-Asian countries, one of the most successful aquacultured species. Despite continuous improvement of husbandry practices and development of new vaccines, both bacterial and viral diseases are main threats to the health of farmed Atlantic salmon. Chronic stress, created by sub- optimal husbandry conditions is believed to be an important factor behind disease outbreaks. The intestinal epithelium of Atlantic salmon is an important organ. Not just in nutrient absorption, but also as a barrier, preventing antigens and pathogens within the intestinal lumen to gain entrance to the host and thereby start an infection. Chronic stress is known to have a negative impact on the intestinal barrier in mammals, a situation that can cause a leaky epithelium and increased bacterial translocation. Stressful husbandry conditions could have a similar effect on the intestine of Atlantic salmon and would thus be a major threat to the welfare of farmed fish. This thesis aimed at elucidating the importance of the intestinal physical and immunological barrier function in disease susceptibility of farmed Atlantic salmon. It further aimed to reveal the impact of key husbandry conditions in Atlantic salmon aquaculture hypothesized to be potential threats to health and welfare of the fish. All husbandry conditions examined, i.e. hyperoxygenation combined with low water flow, low levels of dissolved oxygen and high temperature as well as high fish density in combination with poor water quality was concluded stressful to the fish. These common husbandry practises all generated primary and secondary stress responses such as increased plasma cortisol levels, increased cortisol release rate into the water and a decreased function of all intestinal barriers. Decreased physical barrier was evident in the form of increased ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Sundh, Henrik |
author_facet |
Sundh, Henrik |
author_sort |
Sundh, Henrik |
title |
Chronic stress and intestinal barrier function: Implications for infection and inflammation in intensive salmon aquaculture |
title_short |
Chronic stress and intestinal barrier function: Implications for infection and inflammation in intensive salmon aquaculture |
title_full |
Chronic stress and intestinal barrier function: Implications for infection and inflammation in intensive salmon aquaculture |
title_fullStr |
Chronic stress and intestinal barrier function: Implications for infection and inflammation in intensive salmon aquaculture |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chronic stress and intestinal barrier function: Implications for infection and inflammation in intensive salmon aquaculture |
title_sort |
chronic stress and intestinal barrier function: implications for infection and inflammation in intensive salmon aquaculture |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2077/20826 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_relation |
The effect of hyperoxygenation and reduced flow in fresh water and subsequent infectious pancreatic necrosis virus challenge in sea water, on the intestinal barrier integrity in Atlantic salmon, (Salmo salar L.) (2009) H.Sundh, R. E. Olsen, F. Fridell, K. Gadan, Ø. Evensen, J. Glette, G. L. Taranger, R. Myklebust and K. Sundell. Journal of Fish Diseases 32:687-698. ::doi::10.1111/j.1365-2761.2009.01047.x Disturbed intestinal barrier function in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) post smolts caused by common sea cage environmental conditions: A possible physiological welfare indicator. H. Sundh, R. E. Olsen, T. Ellis, B. O. Kvamme, F. Fridell, G. L. Taranger and K. Sundell (Under revision for publication in BMC Physiology). High stocking density and poor water quality disturb physical and immunological barriers in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.) intestine. H Sundh, T. Ellis, F Fridell, G L Taranger and K Sundell (Submitted for publication in Fish and Shellfish Immunology). Local innate immune responses in the intestinal mucosa of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) after long term exposure to low oxygen levels and high temperature in the environment. L. Niklasson, H. Sundh, B. O. Kvamme, F. Fridell, G. L. Taranger and K. Sundell (Manuscript) Translocation of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus across the intestinal epithelium of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). H. Sundh, S. Calabrese, F. Jutfelt, L. Niklasson, R. E. Olsen and K. Sundell (Submitted for publication in Aquaculture). 978-91-628-7909-9 http://hdl.handle.net/2077/20826 |
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1781057916479995904 |
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ftunivgoeteborg:oai:gupea.ub.gu.se:2077/20826 2023-10-29T02:35:00+01:00 Chronic stress and intestinal barrier function: Implications for infection and inflammation in intensive salmon aquaculture Sundh, Henrik 2009-10-09T13:52:59Z application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2077/20826 eng eng The effect of hyperoxygenation and reduced flow in fresh water and subsequent infectious pancreatic necrosis virus challenge in sea water, on the intestinal barrier integrity in Atlantic salmon, (Salmo salar L.) (2009) H.Sundh, R. E. Olsen, F. Fridell, K. Gadan, Ø. Evensen, J. Glette, G. L. Taranger, R. Myklebust and K. Sundell. Journal of Fish Diseases 32:687-698. ::doi::10.1111/j.1365-2761.2009.01047.x Disturbed intestinal barrier function in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) post smolts caused by common sea cage environmental conditions: A possible physiological welfare indicator. H. Sundh, R. E. Olsen, T. Ellis, B. O. Kvamme, F. Fridell, G. L. Taranger and K. Sundell (Under revision for publication in BMC Physiology). High stocking density and poor water quality disturb physical and immunological barriers in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.) intestine. H Sundh, T. Ellis, F Fridell, G L Taranger and K Sundell (Submitted for publication in Fish and Shellfish Immunology). Local innate immune responses in the intestinal mucosa of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) after long term exposure to low oxygen levels and high temperature in the environment. L. Niklasson, H. Sundh, B. O. Kvamme, F. Fridell, G. L. Taranger and K. Sundell (Manuscript) Translocation of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus across the intestinal epithelium of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). H. Sundh, S. Calabrese, F. Jutfelt, L. Niklasson, R. E. Olsen and K. Sundell (Submitted for publication in Aquaculture). 978-91-628-7909-9 http://hdl.handle.net/2077/20826 Intestinal barrier function stress cortisol Ussing chamber welfare health inflammation neutrophils cytokines chronic stress Text Doctoral Theses 2009 ftunivgoeteborg 2023-10-04T21:13:50Z Aquaculture is a fast growing food-producing sector worldwide. This has increased the awareness among the public as well as governments of the need to secure the welfare and health of farmed fish. Atlantic salmon is, in non-Asian countries, one of the most successful aquacultured species. Despite continuous improvement of husbandry practices and development of new vaccines, both bacterial and viral diseases are main threats to the health of farmed Atlantic salmon. Chronic stress, created by sub- optimal husbandry conditions is believed to be an important factor behind disease outbreaks. The intestinal epithelium of Atlantic salmon is an important organ. Not just in nutrient absorption, but also as a barrier, preventing antigens and pathogens within the intestinal lumen to gain entrance to the host and thereby start an infection. Chronic stress is known to have a negative impact on the intestinal barrier in mammals, a situation that can cause a leaky epithelium and increased bacterial translocation. Stressful husbandry conditions could have a similar effect on the intestine of Atlantic salmon and would thus be a major threat to the welfare of farmed fish. This thesis aimed at elucidating the importance of the intestinal physical and immunological barrier function in disease susceptibility of farmed Atlantic salmon. It further aimed to reveal the impact of key husbandry conditions in Atlantic salmon aquaculture hypothesized to be potential threats to health and welfare of the fish. All husbandry conditions examined, i.e. hyperoxygenation combined with low water flow, low levels of dissolved oxygen and high temperature as well as high fish density in combination with poor water quality was concluded stressful to the fish. These common husbandry practises all generated primary and secondary stress responses such as increased plasma cortisol levels, increased cortisol release rate into the water and a decreased function of all intestinal barriers. Decreased physical barrier was evident in the form of increased ... Text Atlantic salmon University of Gothenburg: GUPEA (Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive) |