Temperature variability over Africa during the last 2000 years
A growing number of proxy, historical and instrumental data sets are now available from continental Africa through which past variations in temperature can be assessed. This paper, co-authored by members of the PAGES Africa2k Working Group, synthesises published material to produce a record of tempe...
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ftunivgent:oai:archive.ugent.be:4253321 2023-06-11T04:12:43+02:00 Temperature variability over Africa during the last 2000 years Nicholson, Sharon E Nash, David J Chase, Brian M Grab, Stefan W Shanahan, Timothy M Verschuren, Dirk Asrat, Asfawossen Lézine, Anne-Marie Umer, Mohammed 2013 application/pdf https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/4253321 http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-4253321 https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683613483618 https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/4253321/file/4253421 eng eng https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/4253321 http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-4253321 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683613483618 https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/4253321/file/4253421 No license (in copyright) info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess HOLOCENE ISSN: 0959-6836 Earth and Environmental Sciences ICE-CORE PALEOCLIMATE RECONSTRUCTION EAST-AFRICA SOUTH-AFRICA DAILY CLIMATE EXTREMES CRENARCHAEOTAL MEMBRANE-LIPIDS 20th century temperature variability "Medieval Climate Anomaly' Africa "Little Ice Age' TEX86 PALEOTHERMOMETER TETRAETHER LIPIDS GLACIAL MAXIMUM LAKE TANGANYIKA journalArticle info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2013 ftunivgent https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683613483618 2023-05-10T22:35:06Z A growing number of proxy, historical and instrumental data sets are now available from continental Africa through which past variations in temperature can be assessed. This paper, co-authored by members of the PAGES Africa2k Working Group, synthesises published material to produce a record of temperature variability for Africa as a whole spanning the last 2000 years. The paper focuses on temperature variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly' (MCA), Little Ice Age' (LIA) and late 19th-early 21st centuries. Warmer conditions during the MCA are evident in records from Lake Tanganyika in central Africa, the Ethiopian Highlands in northeastern Africa, and Cango Cave, the Kuiseb River and Wonderkrater in southern Africa. Other records covering the MCA give ambiguous signals. Warming appears to have been greater during the early MCA (c. ad 1000) in parts of southern Africa and during the later MCA (from ad 1100) in Namibia, Ethiopia and at Lake Tanganyika. LIA cooling is evident in Ethiopian and southern African pollen records and in organic biomarker data from Lake Malawi in southeastern tropical Africa, while at Lake Tanganyika the temperature depression appears to have been less consistent. A warming trend in mean annual temperatures is clearly evident from historical and instrumental data covering the late 19th to early 21st centuries. General warming has occurred over Africa since the 1880s punctuated only by a period of cooling in the mid 20th century. The rate of temperature increase appears to have accelerated towards the end of the 20th century. The few long high-resolution proxy records that extend into the late 20th century indicate that average annual temperatures were 1-2 degrees C higher in the last few decades than during the MCA. Article in Journal/Newspaper ice core Ghent University Academic Bibliography The Holocene 23 8 1085 1094 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Ghent University Academic Bibliography |
op_collection_id |
ftunivgent |
language |
English |
topic |
Earth and Environmental Sciences ICE-CORE PALEOCLIMATE RECONSTRUCTION EAST-AFRICA SOUTH-AFRICA DAILY CLIMATE EXTREMES CRENARCHAEOTAL MEMBRANE-LIPIDS 20th century temperature variability "Medieval Climate Anomaly' Africa "Little Ice Age' TEX86 PALEOTHERMOMETER TETRAETHER LIPIDS GLACIAL MAXIMUM LAKE TANGANYIKA |
spellingShingle |
Earth and Environmental Sciences ICE-CORE PALEOCLIMATE RECONSTRUCTION EAST-AFRICA SOUTH-AFRICA DAILY CLIMATE EXTREMES CRENARCHAEOTAL MEMBRANE-LIPIDS 20th century temperature variability "Medieval Climate Anomaly' Africa "Little Ice Age' TEX86 PALEOTHERMOMETER TETRAETHER LIPIDS GLACIAL MAXIMUM LAKE TANGANYIKA Nicholson, Sharon E Nash, David J Chase, Brian M Grab, Stefan W Shanahan, Timothy M Verschuren, Dirk Asrat, Asfawossen Lézine, Anne-Marie Umer, Mohammed Temperature variability over Africa during the last 2000 years |
topic_facet |
Earth and Environmental Sciences ICE-CORE PALEOCLIMATE RECONSTRUCTION EAST-AFRICA SOUTH-AFRICA DAILY CLIMATE EXTREMES CRENARCHAEOTAL MEMBRANE-LIPIDS 20th century temperature variability "Medieval Climate Anomaly' Africa "Little Ice Age' TEX86 PALEOTHERMOMETER TETRAETHER LIPIDS GLACIAL MAXIMUM LAKE TANGANYIKA |
description |
A growing number of proxy, historical and instrumental data sets are now available from continental Africa through which past variations in temperature can be assessed. This paper, co-authored by members of the PAGES Africa2k Working Group, synthesises published material to produce a record of temperature variability for Africa as a whole spanning the last 2000 years. The paper focuses on temperature variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly' (MCA), Little Ice Age' (LIA) and late 19th-early 21st centuries. Warmer conditions during the MCA are evident in records from Lake Tanganyika in central Africa, the Ethiopian Highlands in northeastern Africa, and Cango Cave, the Kuiseb River and Wonderkrater in southern Africa. Other records covering the MCA give ambiguous signals. Warming appears to have been greater during the early MCA (c. ad 1000) in parts of southern Africa and during the later MCA (from ad 1100) in Namibia, Ethiopia and at Lake Tanganyika. LIA cooling is evident in Ethiopian and southern African pollen records and in organic biomarker data from Lake Malawi in southeastern tropical Africa, while at Lake Tanganyika the temperature depression appears to have been less consistent. A warming trend in mean annual temperatures is clearly evident from historical and instrumental data covering the late 19th to early 21st centuries. General warming has occurred over Africa since the 1880s punctuated only by a period of cooling in the mid 20th century. The rate of temperature increase appears to have accelerated towards the end of the 20th century. The few long high-resolution proxy records that extend into the late 20th century indicate that average annual temperatures were 1-2 degrees C higher in the last few decades than during the MCA. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nicholson, Sharon E Nash, David J Chase, Brian M Grab, Stefan W Shanahan, Timothy M Verschuren, Dirk Asrat, Asfawossen Lézine, Anne-Marie Umer, Mohammed |
author_facet |
Nicholson, Sharon E Nash, David J Chase, Brian M Grab, Stefan W Shanahan, Timothy M Verschuren, Dirk Asrat, Asfawossen Lézine, Anne-Marie Umer, Mohammed |
author_sort |
Nicholson, Sharon E |
title |
Temperature variability over Africa during the last 2000 years |
title_short |
Temperature variability over Africa during the last 2000 years |
title_full |
Temperature variability over Africa during the last 2000 years |
title_fullStr |
Temperature variability over Africa during the last 2000 years |
title_full_unstemmed |
Temperature variability over Africa during the last 2000 years |
title_sort |
temperature variability over africa during the last 2000 years |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/4253321 http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-4253321 https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683613483618 https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/4253321/file/4253421 |
genre |
ice core |
genre_facet |
ice core |
op_source |
HOLOCENE ISSN: 0959-6836 |
op_relation |
https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/4253321 http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-4253321 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683613483618 https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/4253321/file/4253421 |
op_rights |
No license (in copyright) info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683613483618 |
container_title |
The Holocene |
container_volume |
23 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
1085 |
op_container_end_page |
1094 |
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1768388751864627200 |