Índices de extremos climáticos baseados na precipitação pluvial e influência de teleconexões no nordeste do Brasil

• Main Author: Santos, Daris Correia dos
• Other Authors: Santos, Celso Augusto Guimarães, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4223859537570442
• Format: Thesis
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal da Paraíba 2024
• Subjects: Teleconexões atmosféricas; Correlação; Cluster; Wavelet; Extremos climáticos; Atmospheric teleconnections; Correlation; Climatic extrem; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL; Antarc*; Antarctica; North Atlantic
• Online Access: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/29935

Northeast Brazil (NEB) is an area very vulnerable to droughts and high climatic variability, susceptible to high temperatures and irregular rains. Therefore, this study investigates the influence of global scale teleconnections that affect precipitation in the NEB, providing a better understanding of the oceanic and atmospheric effects on the internal climatic variability in order to detect changes in the precipitation pattern, based on precipitation data of 522 grid points of the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre- GPCC, 1901-2013; 512 grid points of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite, TRMM 3B42, from 1998-2016, and observed data from 368 meteorological stations, from the National Water Agency (ANA) and National Meteorological Institute (INMET), from 1965-2017 and data of atmospheric teleconnections from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) extracted the most relevant variables explaining the variance of each Cluster for the spatial and temporal characterization and the Pearson coefficient investigated the degree of correlation of the climatic extremes indexes with the teleconnections, considering the levels of significance of 0.1, 0.5 and 0.01 and by means of the wavelet transform, the wavelet cross-spectrum and the wavelet coherence we detected significant periodicities. The results show that the index Days Consecutive Dry (CDD) derived from daily rainfall satellite TRMM 3B42 correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Multidecadal Atlantic Oscillation (AMO), Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), Multivariate Index ENSO (MEI) and Niño Niño Index (ONI) indicate the increase of drought periods in NEB. In shorter periods, the local convection, homogeneous regions in the most favorable periods of drought, is strongly impacted by the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and Antarctica Oscillation (AAO); and the homogeneous regions most susceptible to extreme precipitation, are impacted by SOI, Tropical North Atlantic (TNAI) and ...