Potential carbon emissions dominated by carbon dioxide from thawed permafrost soils
Published Increasing temperatures in northern high latitudes are causing permafrost to thaw1, making large amounts of previously frozen organic matter vulnerable to microbial decomposition2. Permafrost thaw also creates a fragmented landscape of drier and wetter soil conditions3, 4 that determine th...
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10871/22234 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3054 |
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ftunivexeter:oai:ore.exeter.ac.uk:10871/22234 2024-09-15T18:29:29+00:00 Potential carbon emissions dominated by carbon dioxide from thawed permafrost soils Schädel, C Bader, MK-F Schuur, EAG Biasi, C Bracho, R Čapek, P De Baets, S Diáková, K Ernakovich, J Estop-Aragones, C Graham, DE Hartley, IP Iversen, CM Kane, E Knoblauch, C Lupascu, M Martikainen, PJ Natali, SM Norby, RJ O’Donnell, JA Chowdhury, TR Šantrůčková, H Shaver, G Sloan, VL Treat, CC Turetsky, MR Waldrop, MP Wickland, KP 2016 http://hdl.handle.net/10871/22234 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3054 en eng Nature Publishing Group http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nclimate3054.html Published online 13 June 2016 doi:10.1038/nclimate3054 http://hdl.handle.net/10871/22234 1758-678X 1758-6798 Nature Climate Change This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Nature Publishing Group via the DOI in this record. 2016-12-14 Publisher's policy. Environmental sciences Ecosystem ecology Article 2016 ftunivexeter https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3054 2024-07-29T03:24:15Z Published Increasing temperatures in northern high latitudes are causing permafrost to thaw1, making large amounts of previously frozen organic matter vulnerable to microbial decomposition2. Permafrost thaw also creates a fragmented landscape of drier and wetter soil conditions3, 4 that determine the amount and form (carbon dioxide (CO2), or methane (CH4)) of carbon (C) released to the atmosphere. The rate and form of C release control the magnitude of the permafrost C feedback, so their relative contribution with a warming climate remains unclear5, 6. We quantified the effect of increasing temperature and changes from aerobic to anaerobic soil conditions using 25 soil incubation studies from the permafrost zone. Here we show, using two separate meta-analyses, that a 10 °C increase in incubation temperature increased C release by a factor of 2.0 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.8 to 2.2). Under aerobic incubation conditions, soils released 3.4 (95% CI, 2.2 to 5.2) times more C than under anaerobic conditions. Even when accounting for the higher heat trapping capacity of CH4, soils released 2.3 (95% CI, 1.5 to 3.4) times more C under aerobic conditions. These results imply that permafrost ecosystems thawing under aerobic conditions and releasing CO2 will strengthen the permafrost C feedback more than waterlogged systems releasing CO2 and CH4 for a given amount of C. Financial support was provided by the National Science Foundation Vulnerability of Permafrost Carbon Research Coordination Network Grant no. 955713 with continued support from the National Science Foundation Research Synthesis, and Knowledge Transfer in a Changing Arctic: Science Support for the Study of Environmental Arctic Change Grant no. 1331083. Author contributions were also supported by grants to individuals: Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Ecosystem Science (TES) Program (DE-SC0006982) to E.A.G.S.; UK Natural Environment Research Council funding to I.P.H. and C.E.-A. (NE/K000179/1); German ... Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost Study of Environmental Arctic Change University of Exeter: Open Research Exeter (ORE) Nature Climate Change 6 10 950 953 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
University of Exeter: Open Research Exeter (ORE) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivexeter |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences Ecosystem ecology |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences Ecosystem ecology Schädel, C Bader, MK-F Schuur, EAG Biasi, C Bracho, R Čapek, P De Baets, S Diáková, K Ernakovich, J Estop-Aragones, C Graham, DE Hartley, IP Iversen, CM Kane, E Knoblauch, C Lupascu, M Martikainen, PJ Natali, SM Norby, RJ O’Donnell, JA Chowdhury, TR Šantrůčková, H Shaver, G Sloan, VL Treat, CC Turetsky, MR Waldrop, MP Wickland, KP Potential carbon emissions dominated by carbon dioxide from thawed permafrost soils |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences Ecosystem ecology |
description |
Published Increasing temperatures in northern high latitudes are causing permafrost to thaw1, making large amounts of previously frozen organic matter vulnerable to microbial decomposition2. Permafrost thaw also creates a fragmented landscape of drier and wetter soil conditions3, 4 that determine the amount and form (carbon dioxide (CO2), or methane (CH4)) of carbon (C) released to the atmosphere. The rate and form of C release control the magnitude of the permafrost C feedback, so their relative contribution with a warming climate remains unclear5, 6. We quantified the effect of increasing temperature and changes from aerobic to anaerobic soil conditions using 25 soil incubation studies from the permafrost zone. Here we show, using two separate meta-analyses, that a 10 °C increase in incubation temperature increased C release by a factor of 2.0 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.8 to 2.2). Under aerobic incubation conditions, soils released 3.4 (95% CI, 2.2 to 5.2) times more C than under anaerobic conditions. Even when accounting for the higher heat trapping capacity of CH4, soils released 2.3 (95% CI, 1.5 to 3.4) times more C under aerobic conditions. These results imply that permafrost ecosystems thawing under aerobic conditions and releasing CO2 will strengthen the permafrost C feedback more than waterlogged systems releasing CO2 and CH4 for a given amount of C. Financial support was provided by the National Science Foundation Vulnerability of Permafrost Carbon Research Coordination Network Grant no. 955713 with continued support from the National Science Foundation Research Synthesis, and Knowledge Transfer in a Changing Arctic: Science Support for the Study of Environmental Arctic Change Grant no. 1331083. Author contributions were also supported by grants to individuals: Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Ecosystem Science (TES) Program (DE-SC0006982) to E.A.G.S.; UK Natural Environment Research Council funding to I.P.H. and C.E.-A. (NE/K000179/1); German ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schädel, C Bader, MK-F Schuur, EAG Biasi, C Bracho, R Čapek, P De Baets, S Diáková, K Ernakovich, J Estop-Aragones, C Graham, DE Hartley, IP Iversen, CM Kane, E Knoblauch, C Lupascu, M Martikainen, PJ Natali, SM Norby, RJ O’Donnell, JA Chowdhury, TR Šantrůčková, H Shaver, G Sloan, VL Treat, CC Turetsky, MR Waldrop, MP Wickland, KP |
author_facet |
Schädel, C Bader, MK-F Schuur, EAG Biasi, C Bracho, R Čapek, P De Baets, S Diáková, K Ernakovich, J Estop-Aragones, C Graham, DE Hartley, IP Iversen, CM Kane, E Knoblauch, C Lupascu, M Martikainen, PJ Natali, SM Norby, RJ O’Donnell, JA Chowdhury, TR Šantrůčková, H Shaver, G Sloan, VL Treat, CC Turetsky, MR Waldrop, MP Wickland, KP |
author_sort |
Schädel, C |
title |
Potential carbon emissions dominated by carbon dioxide from thawed permafrost soils |
title_short |
Potential carbon emissions dominated by carbon dioxide from thawed permafrost soils |
title_full |
Potential carbon emissions dominated by carbon dioxide from thawed permafrost soils |
title_fullStr |
Potential carbon emissions dominated by carbon dioxide from thawed permafrost soils |
title_full_unstemmed |
Potential carbon emissions dominated by carbon dioxide from thawed permafrost soils |
title_sort |
potential carbon emissions dominated by carbon dioxide from thawed permafrost soils |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10871/22234 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3054 |
genre |
permafrost Study of Environmental Arctic Change |
genre_facet |
permafrost Study of Environmental Arctic Change |
op_relation |
http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nclimate3054.html Published online 13 June 2016 doi:10.1038/nclimate3054 http://hdl.handle.net/10871/22234 1758-678X 1758-6798 Nature Climate Change |
op_rights |
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Nature Publishing Group via the DOI in this record. 2016-12-14 Publisher's policy. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3054 |
container_title |
Nature Climate Change |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
950 |
op_container_end_page |
953 |
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1810470886127435776 |