Impacts of Warming on the Structure and Functioning of Aquatic Communities
Environmental warming is predicted to rise dramatically over the next century, yet few studies have investigated its effects in natural, multi-species systems. We present data collated over an 8-year period from a catchment of geothermally heated streams in Iceland, which acts as a natural experimen...
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ftunivessex:oai:repository.essex.ac.uk:32560 2023-05-15T16:51:26+02:00 Impacts of Warming on the Structure and Functioning of Aquatic Communities O'Gorman, Eoin J Pichler, Doris E Adams, Georgina Benstead, Jonathan P Cohen, Haley Craig, Nicola Cross, Wyatt F Demars, Benoît OL Friberg, Nikolai Gíslason, Gísli Már Gudmundsdóttir, Rakel Hawczak, Adrianna Hood, James M Hudson, Lawrence N Johansson, Liselotte Johansson, Magnus P Junker, James R Laurila, Anssi Manson, J Russell Mavromati, Efpraxia Nelson, Daniel Ólafsson, Jón S Perkins, Daniel M Petchey, Owen L Plebani, Marco Reuman, Daniel C Rall, Björn C Stewart, Rebecca Thompson, Murray SA Woodward, Guy Woodward, Guy Jacob, Ute O'Gorman, Eoin J 2012 application/pdf http://repository.essex.ac.uk/32560/ https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-398315-2.00002-8 http://repository.essex.ac.uk/32560/1/O%27Gorman2012Zora-1.pdf en eng Elsevier http://repository.essex.ac.uk/32560/1/O%27Gorman2012Zora-1.pdf O'Gorman, Eoin J and Pichler, Doris E and Adams, Georgina and Benstead, Jonathan P and Cohen, Haley and Craig, Nicola and Cross, Wyatt F and Demars, Benoît OL and Friberg, Nikolai and Gíslason, Gísli Már and Gudmundsdóttir, Rakel and Hawczak, Adrianna and Hood, James M and Hudson, Lawrence N and Johansson, Liselotte and Johansson, Magnus P and Junker, James R and Laurila, Anssi and Manson, J Russell and Mavromati, Efpraxia and Nelson, Daniel and Ólafsson, Jón S and Perkins, Daniel M and Petchey, Owen L and Plebani, Marco and Reuman, Daniel C and Rall, Björn C and Stewart, Rebecca and Thompson, Murray SA and Woodward, Guy (2012) 'Impacts of Warming on the Structure and Functioning of Aquatic Communities.' In: Woodward, Guy and Jacob, Ute and O'Gorman, Eoin J, (eds.) Global Change in Multispecies Systems Part 2. Advances in Ecological Research, 47 . Elsevier, pp. 81-176. Book Section PeerReviewed 2012 ftunivessex https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-398315-2.00002-8 2022-03-24T23:38:22Z Environmental warming is predicted to rise dramatically over the next century, yet few studies have investigated its effects in natural, multi-species systems. We present data collated over an 8-year period from a catchment of geothermally heated streams in Iceland, which acts as a natural experiment on the effects of warming across different organisational levels and spatiotemporal scales. Body sizes and population biomasses of individual species responded strongly to temperature, with some providing evidence to support temperature–size rules. Macroinvertebrate and meiofaunal community composition also changed dramatically across the thermal gradient. Interactions within the warm streams in particular were characterised by food chains linking algae to snails to the apex predator, brown trout. These chains were missing from the colder systems, where snails were replaced by much smaller herbivores and invertebrate omnivores were the top predators. Trout were also subsidised by terrestrial invertebrate prey, which could have an effect analogous to apparent competition within the aquatic prey assemblage. Top-down effects by snails on diatoms were stronger in the warmer streams, which could account for a shallowing of mass–abundance slopes across the community. This may indicate reduced energy transfer efficiency from resources to consumers in the warmer systems and/or a change in predator–prey mass ratios. All the ecosystem process rates investigated increased with temperature, but with differing thermal sensitivities, with important implications for overall ecosystem functioning (e.g. creating potential imbalances in elemental fluxes). Ecosystem respiration rose rapidly with temperature, leading to increased heterotrophy. There were also indications that food web stability may be lower in the warmer streams. Book Part Iceland University of Essex Research Repository 81 176 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Essex Research Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivessex |
language |
English |
description |
Environmental warming is predicted to rise dramatically over the next century, yet few studies have investigated its effects in natural, multi-species systems. We present data collated over an 8-year period from a catchment of geothermally heated streams in Iceland, which acts as a natural experiment on the effects of warming across different organisational levels and spatiotemporal scales. Body sizes and population biomasses of individual species responded strongly to temperature, with some providing evidence to support temperature–size rules. Macroinvertebrate and meiofaunal community composition also changed dramatically across the thermal gradient. Interactions within the warm streams in particular were characterised by food chains linking algae to snails to the apex predator, brown trout. These chains were missing from the colder systems, where snails were replaced by much smaller herbivores and invertebrate omnivores were the top predators. Trout were also subsidised by terrestrial invertebrate prey, which could have an effect analogous to apparent competition within the aquatic prey assemblage. Top-down effects by snails on diatoms were stronger in the warmer streams, which could account for a shallowing of mass–abundance slopes across the community. This may indicate reduced energy transfer efficiency from resources to consumers in the warmer systems and/or a change in predator–prey mass ratios. All the ecosystem process rates investigated increased with temperature, but with differing thermal sensitivities, with important implications for overall ecosystem functioning (e.g. creating potential imbalances in elemental fluxes). Ecosystem respiration rose rapidly with temperature, leading to increased heterotrophy. There were also indications that food web stability may be lower in the warmer streams. |
author2 |
Woodward, Guy Jacob, Ute O'Gorman, Eoin J |
format |
Book Part |
author |
O'Gorman, Eoin J Pichler, Doris E Adams, Georgina Benstead, Jonathan P Cohen, Haley Craig, Nicola Cross, Wyatt F Demars, Benoît OL Friberg, Nikolai Gíslason, Gísli Már Gudmundsdóttir, Rakel Hawczak, Adrianna Hood, James M Hudson, Lawrence N Johansson, Liselotte Johansson, Magnus P Junker, James R Laurila, Anssi Manson, J Russell Mavromati, Efpraxia Nelson, Daniel Ólafsson, Jón S Perkins, Daniel M Petchey, Owen L Plebani, Marco Reuman, Daniel C Rall, Björn C Stewart, Rebecca Thompson, Murray SA Woodward, Guy |
spellingShingle |
O'Gorman, Eoin J Pichler, Doris E Adams, Georgina Benstead, Jonathan P Cohen, Haley Craig, Nicola Cross, Wyatt F Demars, Benoît OL Friberg, Nikolai Gíslason, Gísli Már Gudmundsdóttir, Rakel Hawczak, Adrianna Hood, James M Hudson, Lawrence N Johansson, Liselotte Johansson, Magnus P Junker, James R Laurila, Anssi Manson, J Russell Mavromati, Efpraxia Nelson, Daniel Ólafsson, Jón S Perkins, Daniel M Petchey, Owen L Plebani, Marco Reuman, Daniel C Rall, Björn C Stewart, Rebecca Thompson, Murray SA Woodward, Guy Impacts of Warming on the Structure and Functioning of Aquatic Communities |
author_facet |
O'Gorman, Eoin J Pichler, Doris E Adams, Georgina Benstead, Jonathan P Cohen, Haley Craig, Nicola Cross, Wyatt F Demars, Benoît OL Friberg, Nikolai Gíslason, Gísli Már Gudmundsdóttir, Rakel Hawczak, Adrianna Hood, James M Hudson, Lawrence N Johansson, Liselotte Johansson, Magnus P Junker, James R Laurila, Anssi Manson, J Russell Mavromati, Efpraxia Nelson, Daniel Ólafsson, Jón S Perkins, Daniel M Petchey, Owen L Plebani, Marco Reuman, Daniel C Rall, Björn C Stewart, Rebecca Thompson, Murray SA Woodward, Guy |
author_sort |
O'Gorman, Eoin J |
title |
Impacts of Warming on the Structure and Functioning of Aquatic Communities |
title_short |
Impacts of Warming on the Structure and Functioning of Aquatic Communities |
title_full |
Impacts of Warming on the Structure and Functioning of Aquatic Communities |
title_fullStr |
Impacts of Warming on the Structure and Functioning of Aquatic Communities |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impacts of Warming on the Structure and Functioning of Aquatic Communities |
title_sort |
impacts of warming on the structure and functioning of aquatic communities |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://repository.essex.ac.uk/32560/ https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-398315-2.00002-8 http://repository.essex.ac.uk/32560/1/O%27Gorman2012Zora-1.pdf |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
http://repository.essex.ac.uk/32560/1/O%27Gorman2012Zora-1.pdf O'Gorman, Eoin J and Pichler, Doris E and Adams, Georgina and Benstead, Jonathan P and Cohen, Haley and Craig, Nicola and Cross, Wyatt F and Demars, Benoît OL and Friberg, Nikolai and Gíslason, Gísli Már and Gudmundsdóttir, Rakel and Hawczak, Adrianna and Hood, James M and Hudson, Lawrence N and Johansson, Liselotte and Johansson, Magnus P and Junker, James R and Laurila, Anssi and Manson, J Russell and Mavromati, Efpraxia and Nelson, Daniel and Ólafsson, Jón S and Perkins, Daniel M and Petchey, Owen L and Plebani, Marco and Reuman, Daniel C and Rall, Björn C and Stewart, Rebecca and Thompson, Murray SA and Woodward, Guy (2012) 'Impacts of Warming on the Structure and Functioning of Aquatic Communities.' In: Woodward, Guy and Jacob, Ute and O'Gorman, Eoin J, (eds.) Global Change in Multispecies Systems Part 2. Advances in Ecological Research, 47 . Elsevier, pp. 81-176. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-398315-2.00002-8 |
container_start_page |
81 |
op_container_end_page |
176 |
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1766041541133991936 |