Development of Space Weather Reasonable Worst-Case Scenarios for the UK National Risk Assessment
Severe space weather was identified as a risk to the UK in 2010 as part of a wider review of natural hazards triggered by the societal disruption caused by the eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano in April of that year. To support further risk assessment by government officials, and at their req...
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American Geophysical Union
2021
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Online Access: | http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29561/ https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002593 http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29561/9/Space%20Weather%20-%202021%20-%20Hapgood%20-%20Development%20of%20Space%20Weather%20Reasonable%20Worst%25u2010Case%20Scenarios%20for%20the%20UK%20National%20Risk.pdf http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29561/1/2020SW002593.pdf |
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ftunivessex:oai:repository.essex.ac.uk:29561 2023-05-15T16:09:37+02:00 Development of Space Weather Reasonable Worst-Case Scenarios for the UK National Risk Assessment Hapgood, Mike Angling, Matthew Attrill, Gemma Bisi, Mario Cannon, Paul Dyer, Clive Eastwood, Jonathan Elvidge, Sean Gibbs, Mark Harrison, Richard Hord, Colin Horne, Richard Jackson, David Jones, Bryn Machin, Simon Mitchell, Cathryn Preston, John Rees, John Rogers, Neil Routledge, Graham Ryden, Keith Tanner, Rick Thomson, Alan Wild, James Willis, Mike 2021-04 text http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29561/ https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002593 http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29561/9/Space%20Weather%20-%202021%20-%20Hapgood%20-%20Development%20of%20Space%20Weather%20Reasonable%20Worst%25u2010Case%20Scenarios%20for%20the%20UK%20National%20Risk.pdf http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29561/1/2020SW002593.pdf en eng American Geophysical Union http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29561/9/Space%20Weather%20-%202021%20-%20Hapgood%20-%20Development%20of%20Space%20Weather%20Reasonable%20Worst%25u2010Case%20Scenarios%20for%20the%20UK%20National%20Risk.pdf http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29561/1/2020SW002593.pdf Hapgood, Mike and Angling, Matthew and Attrill, Gemma and Bisi, Mario and Cannon, Paul and Dyer, Clive and Eastwood, Jonathan and Elvidge, Sean and Gibbs, Mark and Harrison, Richard and Hord, Colin and Horne, Richard and Jackson, David and Jones, Bryn and Machin, Simon and Mitchell, Cathryn and Preston, John and Rees, John and Rogers, Neil and Routledge, Graham and Ryden, Keith and Tanner, Rick and Thomson, Alan and Wild, James and Willis, Mike (2021) 'Development of Space Weather Reasonable Worst-Case Scenarios for the UK National Risk Assessment.' Space Weather, 19 (4). ISSN 1539-4956 cc_by CC-BY Article PeerReviewed 2021 ftunivessex https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002593 2022-08-18T22:41:38Z Severe space weather was identified as a risk to the UK in 2010 as part of a wider review of natural hazards triggered by the societal disruption caused by the eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano in April of that year. To support further risk assessment by government officials, and at their request, we developed a set of reasonable worst-casescenarios and first published them as a technical report in 2012(current version published in 2020). Each scenario focused on a space weather environment that could disrupt a particular national infrastructure such as electric power or satellites, thus enabling officials to explore the resilience of that infrastructure against severe space weather through discussions with relevant experts from other parts of government and with the operators of that infrastructure. This approach also encouraged us to focus on the environmental features that are key to generating adverse impacts. In this paper,we outline the scientific evidence that we have used to develop these scenarios,and therefinements made to them as new evidence emerged. We show how these scenarios are also considered as an ensemble so that government officials can prepare for a severe space weather event, during which many or all of the different scenarios will materialise. Finally,we note that this ensemble also needs to include insights into how public behaviour will play out during a severe space weather event and hence the importance of providing robust, evidence-basedinformation on space weather and its adverse impacts. Article in Journal/Newspaper Eyjafjallajökull University of Essex Research Repository Space Weather 19 4 |
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University of Essex Research Repository |
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ftunivessex |
language |
English |
description |
Severe space weather was identified as a risk to the UK in 2010 as part of a wider review of natural hazards triggered by the societal disruption caused by the eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano in April of that year. To support further risk assessment by government officials, and at their request, we developed a set of reasonable worst-casescenarios and first published them as a technical report in 2012(current version published in 2020). Each scenario focused on a space weather environment that could disrupt a particular national infrastructure such as electric power or satellites, thus enabling officials to explore the resilience of that infrastructure against severe space weather through discussions with relevant experts from other parts of government and with the operators of that infrastructure. This approach also encouraged us to focus on the environmental features that are key to generating adverse impacts. In this paper,we outline the scientific evidence that we have used to develop these scenarios,and therefinements made to them as new evidence emerged. We show how these scenarios are also considered as an ensemble so that government officials can prepare for a severe space weather event, during which many or all of the different scenarios will materialise. Finally,we note that this ensemble also needs to include insights into how public behaviour will play out during a severe space weather event and hence the importance of providing robust, evidence-basedinformation on space weather and its adverse impacts. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hapgood, Mike Angling, Matthew Attrill, Gemma Bisi, Mario Cannon, Paul Dyer, Clive Eastwood, Jonathan Elvidge, Sean Gibbs, Mark Harrison, Richard Hord, Colin Horne, Richard Jackson, David Jones, Bryn Machin, Simon Mitchell, Cathryn Preston, John Rees, John Rogers, Neil Routledge, Graham Ryden, Keith Tanner, Rick Thomson, Alan Wild, James Willis, Mike |
spellingShingle |
Hapgood, Mike Angling, Matthew Attrill, Gemma Bisi, Mario Cannon, Paul Dyer, Clive Eastwood, Jonathan Elvidge, Sean Gibbs, Mark Harrison, Richard Hord, Colin Horne, Richard Jackson, David Jones, Bryn Machin, Simon Mitchell, Cathryn Preston, John Rees, John Rogers, Neil Routledge, Graham Ryden, Keith Tanner, Rick Thomson, Alan Wild, James Willis, Mike Development of Space Weather Reasonable Worst-Case Scenarios for the UK National Risk Assessment |
author_facet |
Hapgood, Mike Angling, Matthew Attrill, Gemma Bisi, Mario Cannon, Paul Dyer, Clive Eastwood, Jonathan Elvidge, Sean Gibbs, Mark Harrison, Richard Hord, Colin Horne, Richard Jackson, David Jones, Bryn Machin, Simon Mitchell, Cathryn Preston, John Rees, John Rogers, Neil Routledge, Graham Ryden, Keith Tanner, Rick Thomson, Alan Wild, James Willis, Mike |
author_sort |
Hapgood, Mike |
title |
Development of Space Weather Reasonable Worst-Case Scenarios for the UK National Risk Assessment |
title_short |
Development of Space Weather Reasonable Worst-Case Scenarios for the UK National Risk Assessment |
title_full |
Development of Space Weather Reasonable Worst-Case Scenarios for the UK National Risk Assessment |
title_fullStr |
Development of Space Weather Reasonable Worst-Case Scenarios for the UK National Risk Assessment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Development of Space Weather Reasonable Worst-Case Scenarios for the UK National Risk Assessment |
title_sort |
development of space weather reasonable worst-case scenarios for the uk national risk assessment |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29561/ https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002593 http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29561/9/Space%20Weather%20-%202021%20-%20Hapgood%20-%20Development%20of%20Space%20Weather%20Reasonable%20Worst%25u2010Case%20Scenarios%20for%20the%20UK%20National%20Risk.pdf http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29561/1/2020SW002593.pdf |
genre |
Eyjafjallajökull |
genre_facet |
Eyjafjallajökull |
op_relation |
http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29561/9/Space%20Weather%20-%202021%20-%20Hapgood%20-%20Development%20of%20Space%20Weather%20Reasonable%20Worst%25u2010Case%20Scenarios%20for%20the%20UK%20National%20Risk.pdf http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29561/1/2020SW002593.pdf Hapgood, Mike and Angling, Matthew and Attrill, Gemma and Bisi, Mario and Cannon, Paul and Dyer, Clive and Eastwood, Jonathan and Elvidge, Sean and Gibbs, Mark and Harrison, Richard and Hord, Colin and Horne, Richard and Jackson, David and Jones, Bryn and Machin, Simon and Mitchell, Cathryn and Preston, John and Rees, John and Rogers, Neil and Routledge, Graham and Ryden, Keith and Tanner, Rick and Thomson, Alan and Wild, James and Willis, Mike (2021) 'Development of Space Weather Reasonable Worst-Case Scenarios for the UK National Risk Assessment.' Space Weather, 19 (4). ISSN 1539-4956 |
op_rights |
cc_by |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002593 |
container_title |
Space Weather |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
4 |
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1766405473368539136 |