Simulated last glacial maximum ∆14C$_{atm}$ and the deep glacial ocean carbon reservoir
Proceedings of the 21st International Radiocarbon Conference (Part 2 of 2), 2013 International audience ∆14C$_{atm}$ has been estimated as 420 ± 80‰ (IntCal09) during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) compared to preindustrial times (0‰), but mechanisms explaining this difference are not yet resolved....
Published in: | Radiocarbon |
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Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2013
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-02892537 https://hal.science/hal-02892537/document https://hal.science/hal-02892537/file/Mariotti_2013_Radiocarbon1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200048517 |
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Open Polar |
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Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines: HAL-UVSQ |
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language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
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[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere Mariotti, Véronique Paillard, Didier Roche, Didier M. Bouttes, Nathaëlle Bopp, Laurent Simulated last glacial maximum ∆14C$_{atm}$ and the deep glacial ocean carbon reservoir |
topic_facet |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
description |
Proceedings of the 21st International Radiocarbon Conference (Part 2 of 2), 2013 International audience ∆14C$_{atm}$ has been estimated as 420 ± 80‰ (IntCal09) during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) compared to preindustrial times (0‰), but mechanisms explaining this difference are not yet resolved. ∆14C$_{atm}$ is a function of both cosmogenic production in the high atmosphere and of carbon cycling and partitioning in the Earth system. 10Be-based reconstructions show a contribution of the cosmogenic production term of only 200 ± 200‰ in the LGM. The remaining 220‰ have thus to be explained by changes in the carbon cycle. Recently, Bouttes et al. (2010, 2011) proposed to explain most of the difference in pCO2$_{atm}$ and δ13C between glacial and interglacial times as a result of brine-induced ocean stratification in the Southern Ocean. This mechanism involves the formation of very saline water masses that contribute to high carbon storage in the deep ocean. During glacial times, the sinking of brines is enhanced and more carbon is stored in the deep ocean, lowering pCO2$_{atm}$. Moreover, the sinking of brines induces increased stratification in the Southern Ocean, which keeps the deep ocean well isolated from the surface. Such an isolated ocean reservoir would be characterized by a low ∆14C signature. Evidence of such 14C-depleted deep waters during the LGM has recently been found in the Southern Ocean (Skinner et al. 2010). The degassing of this carbon with low ∆14C would then reduce ∆14C$_{atm}$ throughout the deglaciation. We have further developed the CLIMBER-2 model to include a cosmogenic production of 14C as well as an interactive atmospheric 14C reservoir. We investigate the role of both the sinking of brine and cosmogenic production, alongside iron fertilization mechanisms, to explain changes in ∆14C$_{atm}$ during the last deglaciation. In our simulations, not only is the sinking of brine mechanism consistent with past ∆14C data, but it also explains most of the differences in pCO2$_{atm}$ and ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Modélisation du climat (CLIM) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Cluster Earth and Climate Amsterdam Department of Earth Sciences Amsterdam Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam (VU)-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam (VU) NCAS-Climate Reading Department of Meteorology Reading University of Reading (UOR)-University of Reading (UOR) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mariotti, Véronique Paillard, Didier Roche, Didier M. Bouttes, Nathaëlle Bopp, Laurent |
author_facet |
Mariotti, Véronique Paillard, Didier Roche, Didier M. Bouttes, Nathaëlle Bopp, Laurent |
author_sort |
Mariotti, Véronique |
title |
Simulated last glacial maximum ∆14C$_{atm}$ and the deep glacial ocean carbon reservoir |
title_short |
Simulated last glacial maximum ∆14C$_{atm}$ and the deep glacial ocean carbon reservoir |
title_full |
Simulated last glacial maximum ∆14C$_{atm}$ and the deep glacial ocean carbon reservoir |
title_fullStr |
Simulated last glacial maximum ∆14C$_{atm}$ and the deep glacial ocean carbon reservoir |
title_full_unstemmed |
Simulated last glacial maximum ∆14C$_{atm}$ and the deep glacial ocean carbon reservoir |
title_sort |
simulated last glacial maximum ∆14c$_{atm}$ and the deep glacial ocean carbon reservoir |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-02892537 https://hal.science/hal-02892537/document https://hal.science/hal-02892537/file/Mariotti_2013_Radiocarbon1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200048517 |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_source |
ISSN: 0033-8222 EISSN: 1945-5755 Radiocarbon https://hal.science/hal-02892537 Radiocarbon, 2013, 55 (3), pp.1595 - 1602. ⟨10.1017/S0033822200048517⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1017/S0033822200048517 hal-02892537 https://hal.science/hal-02892537 https://hal.science/hal-02892537/document https://hal.science/hal-02892537/file/Mariotti_2013_Radiocarbon1.pdf doi:10.1017/S0033822200048517 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200048517 |
container_title |
Radiocarbon |
container_volume |
55 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
1595 |
op_container_end_page |
1602 |
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1797570461479993344 |
spelling |
ftuniversailles:oai:HAL:hal-02892537v1 2024-04-28T08:39:27+00:00 Simulated last glacial maximum ∆14C$_{atm}$ and the deep glacial ocean carbon reservoir Mariotti, Véronique Paillard, Didier Roche, Didier M. Bouttes, Nathaëlle Bopp, Laurent Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Modélisation du climat (CLIM) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Cluster Earth and Climate Amsterdam Department of Earth Sciences Amsterdam Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam (VU)-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam (VU) NCAS-Climate Reading Department of Meteorology Reading University of Reading (UOR)-University of Reading (UOR) 2013 https://hal.science/hal-02892537 https://hal.science/hal-02892537/document https://hal.science/hal-02892537/file/Mariotti_2013_Radiocarbon1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200048517 en eng HAL CCSD University of Arizona info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1017/S0033822200048517 hal-02892537 https://hal.science/hal-02892537 https://hal.science/hal-02892537/document https://hal.science/hal-02892537/file/Mariotti_2013_Radiocarbon1.pdf doi:10.1017/S0033822200048517 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 0033-8222 EISSN: 1945-5755 Radiocarbon https://hal.science/hal-02892537 Radiocarbon, 2013, 55 (3), pp.1595 - 1602. ⟨10.1017/S0033822200048517⟩ [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2013 ftuniversailles https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200048517 2024-04-04T17:33:38Z Proceedings of the 21st International Radiocarbon Conference (Part 2 of 2), 2013 International audience ∆14C$_{atm}$ has been estimated as 420 ± 80‰ (IntCal09) during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) compared to preindustrial times (0‰), but mechanisms explaining this difference are not yet resolved. ∆14C$_{atm}$ is a function of both cosmogenic production in the high atmosphere and of carbon cycling and partitioning in the Earth system. 10Be-based reconstructions show a contribution of the cosmogenic production term of only 200 ± 200‰ in the LGM. The remaining 220‰ have thus to be explained by changes in the carbon cycle. Recently, Bouttes et al. (2010, 2011) proposed to explain most of the difference in pCO2$_{atm}$ and δ13C between glacial and interglacial times as a result of brine-induced ocean stratification in the Southern Ocean. This mechanism involves the formation of very saline water masses that contribute to high carbon storage in the deep ocean. During glacial times, the sinking of brines is enhanced and more carbon is stored in the deep ocean, lowering pCO2$_{atm}$. Moreover, the sinking of brines induces increased stratification in the Southern Ocean, which keeps the deep ocean well isolated from the surface. Such an isolated ocean reservoir would be characterized by a low ∆14C signature. Evidence of such 14C-depleted deep waters during the LGM has recently been found in the Southern Ocean (Skinner et al. 2010). The degassing of this carbon with low ∆14C would then reduce ∆14C$_{atm}$ throughout the deglaciation. We have further developed the CLIMBER-2 model to include a cosmogenic production of 14C as well as an interactive atmospheric 14C reservoir. We investigate the role of both the sinking of brine and cosmogenic production, alongside iron fertilization mechanisms, to explain changes in ∆14C$_{atm}$ during the last deglaciation. In our simulations, not only is the sinking of brine mechanism consistent with past ∆14C data, but it also explains most of the differences in pCO2$_{atm}$ and ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines: HAL-UVSQ Radiocarbon 55 3 1595 1602 |