Phytoplankton distribution in the Western Arctic Ocean during a summer of exceptional ice retreat
International audience A drastic ice decline in the Arctic Ocean, triggered by global warming, could generate rapid changes in the upper ocean layers. The ice retreat is particularly intense over the Canadian Basin where large ice free areas were observed since 2007. The CHINARE 2008 expedition was...
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2011
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-00920237 https://hal.science/hal-00920237/document https://hal.science/hal-00920237/file/bgd-8-6919-2011.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/BGD-8-6919-2011 |
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ftuniversailles:oai:HAL:hal-00920237v1 |
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openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines: HAL-UVSQ |
op_collection_id |
ftuniversailles |
language |
English |
topic |
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] |
spellingShingle |
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] Coupel, Pierre Jin, H. Y. Ruiz-Pino, Diana Chen, J. F. Lee, S. H. Li, H. L. Rafizadeh, Mehrad Garçon, Véronique Gascard, Jean-Claude Phytoplankton distribution in the Western Arctic Ocean during a summer of exceptional ice retreat |
topic_facet |
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] |
description |
International audience A drastic ice decline in the Arctic Ocean, triggered by global warming, could generate rapid changes in the upper ocean layers. The ice retreat is particularly intense over the Canadian Basin where large ice free areas were observed since 2007. The CHINARE 2008 expedition was conducted in the Western Arctic (WA) ocean during a year of exceptional ice retreat (August-September 2008). This study investigates whether a significant reorganization of the primary producers in terms of species, biomass and productivity has to be observed in the WA as a result of the intense ice melting. Both pigments (HPLC) and taxonomy (microscopy) acquired in 2008 allowed to determine the phytoplanktonic distribution from Bering Strait (65° N) to extreme high latitudes over the Alpha Ridge (86° N) encompassing the Chukchi shelf, the Chukchi Borderland and the Canadian Basin. Two different types of phytoplankton communities were observed. Over the ice-free Chukchi shelf, relatively high chl-a concentrations (1-5 mg m -3 ) dominated by 80 % of diatoms. In the Canadian Basin, surface waters are oligotrophic (<0.1 mg m -3 ) and algal assemblages were dominated by haptophytes and diatoms while higher biomasses (~0.4 mg m -3 ) related to a deep Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum (SCM) are associated to small-sized (nano and pico) phytoplankton. The ice melting onset allows to point out three different zones over the open basin: (i) the ice free condition characterized by deep and unproductive phytoplankton communities dominated by nanoplankton, (ii) an extended (78°-83° N) Active Melting Zone (AMZ) where light penetration associated to the stratification start off and enough nutrient availability drives to the highest biomass and primary production due to both diatoms and large flagellates, (iii) heavy ice conditions found north to 83° N allowing light limitation and consequently low biomass and primary production associated to pico and nanoplankton. To explain the poverty (Canadian Basin) and the richness (Chukchi ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) The Second Institution of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China Pusan National University (PNU) DYNBIO LEGOS Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Coupel, Pierre Jin, H. Y. Ruiz-Pino, Diana Chen, J. F. Lee, S. H. Li, H. L. Rafizadeh, Mehrad Garçon, Véronique Gascard, Jean-Claude |
author_facet |
Coupel, Pierre Jin, H. Y. Ruiz-Pino, Diana Chen, J. F. Lee, S. H. Li, H. L. Rafizadeh, Mehrad Garçon, Véronique Gascard, Jean-Claude |
author_sort |
Coupel, Pierre |
title |
Phytoplankton distribution in the Western Arctic Ocean during a summer of exceptional ice retreat |
title_short |
Phytoplankton distribution in the Western Arctic Ocean during a summer of exceptional ice retreat |
title_full |
Phytoplankton distribution in the Western Arctic Ocean during a summer of exceptional ice retreat |
title_fullStr |
Phytoplankton distribution in the Western Arctic Ocean during a summer of exceptional ice retreat |
title_full_unstemmed |
Phytoplankton distribution in the Western Arctic Ocean during a summer of exceptional ice retreat |
title_sort |
phytoplankton distribution in the western arctic ocean during a summer of exceptional ice retreat |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-00920237 https://hal.science/hal-00920237/document https://hal.science/hal-00920237/file/bgd-8-6919-2011.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/BGD-8-6919-2011 |
genre |
alpha ridge Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait Chukchi Global warming Phytoplankton |
genre_facet |
alpha ridge Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait Chukchi Global warming Phytoplankton |
op_source |
ISSN: 1810-6277 EISSN: 1810-6285 Biogeosciences Discussions https://hal.science/hal-00920237 Biogeosciences Discussions, 2011, 8, pp.6919-6970. ⟨10.5194/BGD-8-6919-2011⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/BGD-8-6919-2011 hal-00920237 https://hal.science/hal-00920237 https://hal.science/hal-00920237/document https://hal.science/hal-00920237/file/bgd-8-6919-2011.pdf BIBCODE: 2011BGD.8.6919C doi:10.5194/BGD-8-6919-2011 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/BGD-8-6919-2011 |
_version_ |
1799471518486364160 |
spelling |
ftuniversailles:oai:HAL:hal-00920237v1 2024-05-19T07:28:10+00:00 Phytoplankton distribution in the Western Arctic Ocean during a summer of exceptional ice retreat Coupel, Pierre Jin, H. Y. Ruiz-Pino, Diana Chen, J. F. Lee, S. H. Li, H. L. Rafizadeh, Mehrad Garçon, Véronique Gascard, Jean-Claude Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) The Second Institution of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China Pusan National University (PNU) DYNBIO LEGOS Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2011-07 https://hal.science/hal-00920237 https://hal.science/hal-00920237/document https://hal.science/hal-00920237/file/bgd-8-6919-2011.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/BGD-8-6919-2011 en eng HAL CCSD European Geosciences Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/BGD-8-6919-2011 hal-00920237 https://hal.science/hal-00920237 https://hal.science/hal-00920237/document https://hal.science/hal-00920237/file/bgd-8-6919-2011.pdf BIBCODE: 2011BGD.8.6919C doi:10.5194/BGD-8-6919-2011 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1810-6277 EISSN: 1810-6285 Biogeosciences Discussions https://hal.science/hal-00920237 Biogeosciences Discussions, 2011, 8, pp.6919-6970. ⟨10.5194/BGD-8-6919-2011⟩ [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2011 ftuniversailles https://doi.org/10.5194/BGD-8-6919-2011 2024-04-25T00:37:04Z International audience A drastic ice decline in the Arctic Ocean, triggered by global warming, could generate rapid changes in the upper ocean layers. The ice retreat is particularly intense over the Canadian Basin where large ice free areas were observed since 2007. The CHINARE 2008 expedition was conducted in the Western Arctic (WA) ocean during a year of exceptional ice retreat (August-September 2008). This study investigates whether a significant reorganization of the primary producers in terms of species, biomass and productivity has to be observed in the WA as a result of the intense ice melting. Both pigments (HPLC) and taxonomy (microscopy) acquired in 2008 allowed to determine the phytoplanktonic distribution from Bering Strait (65° N) to extreme high latitudes over the Alpha Ridge (86° N) encompassing the Chukchi shelf, the Chukchi Borderland and the Canadian Basin. Two different types of phytoplankton communities were observed. Over the ice-free Chukchi shelf, relatively high chl-a concentrations (1-5 mg m -3 ) dominated by 80 % of diatoms. In the Canadian Basin, surface waters are oligotrophic (<0.1 mg m -3 ) and algal assemblages were dominated by haptophytes and diatoms while higher biomasses (~0.4 mg m -3 ) related to a deep Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum (SCM) are associated to small-sized (nano and pico) phytoplankton. The ice melting onset allows to point out three different zones over the open basin: (i) the ice free condition characterized by deep and unproductive phytoplankton communities dominated by nanoplankton, (ii) an extended (78°-83° N) Active Melting Zone (AMZ) where light penetration associated to the stratification start off and enough nutrient availability drives to the highest biomass and primary production due to both diatoms and large flagellates, (iii) heavy ice conditions found north to 83° N allowing light limitation and consequently low biomass and primary production associated to pico and nanoplankton. To explain the poverty (Canadian Basin) and the richness (Chukchi ... Article in Journal/Newspaper alpha ridge Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait Chukchi Global warming Phytoplankton Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines: HAL-UVSQ |