Climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink
The Southern Ocean is a major sink of atmospheric CO2, but the nature and magnitude of its variability remains uncertain and debated. Estimates based on observations suggest substantial variability that is not reproduced by process-based ocean models, with increasingly divergent estimates over the p...
Published in: | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences |
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2023
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ftuniveastangl:oai:ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk:92767 2023-08-27T04:12:10+02:00 Climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink Mayot, N. Le Quéré, C. Rödenbeck, C. Bernardello, R. Bopp, L. Djeutchouang, L. M. Gehlen, M. Gregor, L. Gruber, N. Hauck, J. Iida, Y. Ilyina, T. Keeling, R. F. Landschützer, P. Manning, A. C. Patara, L. Resplandy, L. Schwinger, J. Séférian, R. Watson, A. J. Wright, R. M. Zeng, J. 2023-06-26 application/pdf https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/92767/ https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/92767/1/rsta.2022.0055.pdf https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0055 en eng https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/92767/1/rsta.2022.0055.pdf Mayot, N., Le Quéré, C., Rödenbeck, C., Bernardello, R., Bopp, L., Djeutchouang, L. M., Gehlen, M., Gregor, L., Gruber, N., Hauck, J., Iida, Y., Ilyina, T., Keeling, R. F., Landschützer, P., Manning, A. C., Patara, L., Resplandy, L., Schwinger, J., Séférian, R., Watson, A. J., Wright, R. M. and Zeng, J. (2023) Climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 381 (2249). ISSN 1364-503X doi:10.1098/rsta.2022.0055 cc_by Article PeerReviewed 2023 ftuniveastangl https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0055 2023-08-10T22:32:35Z The Southern Ocean is a major sink of atmospheric CO2, but the nature and magnitude of its variability remains uncertain and debated. Estimates based on observations suggest substantial variability that is not reproduced by process-based ocean models, with increasingly divergent estimates over the past decade. We examine potential constraints on the nature and magnitude of climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink from observation-based air-sea O2 fluxes. On interannual time scales, the variability in the air-sea fluxes of CO2 and O2 estimated from observations is consistent across the two species and positively correlated with the variability simulated by ocean models. Our analysis suggests that variations in ocean ventilation related to the Southern Annular Mode are responsible for this interannual variability. On decadal time scales, the existence of significant variability in the air-sea CO2 flux estimated from observations also tends to be supported by observation-based estimates of O2 flux variability. However, the large decadal variability in air-sea CO2 flux is absent from ocean models. Our analysis suggests that issues in representing the balance between the thermal and non-thermal components of the CO2 sink and/or insufficient variability in mode water formation might contribute to the lack of decadal variability in the current generation of ocean models. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Heat and carbon uptake in the Southern Ocean: the state of the art and future priorities'. Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean University of East Anglia: UEA Digital Repository Southern Ocean Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 381 2249 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of East Anglia: UEA Digital Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftuniveastangl |
language |
English |
description |
The Southern Ocean is a major sink of atmospheric CO2, but the nature and magnitude of its variability remains uncertain and debated. Estimates based on observations suggest substantial variability that is not reproduced by process-based ocean models, with increasingly divergent estimates over the past decade. We examine potential constraints on the nature and magnitude of climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink from observation-based air-sea O2 fluxes. On interannual time scales, the variability in the air-sea fluxes of CO2 and O2 estimated from observations is consistent across the two species and positively correlated with the variability simulated by ocean models. Our analysis suggests that variations in ocean ventilation related to the Southern Annular Mode are responsible for this interannual variability. On decadal time scales, the existence of significant variability in the air-sea CO2 flux estimated from observations also tends to be supported by observation-based estimates of O2 flux variability. However, the large decadal variability in air-sea CO2 flux is absent from ocean models. Our analysis suggests that issues in representing the balance between the thermal and non-thermal components of the CO2 sink and/or insufficient variability in mode water formation might contribute to the lack of decadal variability in the current generation of ocean models. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Heat and carbon uptake in the Southern Ocean: the state of the art and future priorities'. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mayot, N. Le Quéré, C. Rödenbeck, C. Bernardello, R. Bopp, L. Djeutchouang, L. M. Gehlen, M. Gregor, L. Gruber, N. Hauck, J. Iida, Y. Ilyina, T. Keeling, R. F. Landschützer, P. Manning, A. C. Patara, L. Resplandy, L. Schwinger, J. Séférian, R. Watson, A. J. Wright, R. M. Zeng, J. |
spellingShingle |
Mayot, N. Le Quéré, C. Rödenbeck, C. Bernardello, R. Bopp, L. Djeutchouang, L. M. Gehlen, M. Gregor, L. Gruber, N. Hauck, J. Iida, Y. Ilyina, T. Keeling, R. F. Landschützer, P. Manning, A. C. Patara, L. Resplandy, L. Schwinger, J. Séférian, R. Watson, A. J. Wright, R. M. Zeng, J. Climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink |
author_facet |
Mayot, N. Le Quéré, C. Rödenbeck, C. Bernardello, R. Bopp, L. Djeutchouang, L. M. Gehlen, M. Gregor, L. Gruber, N. Hauck, J. Iida, Y. Ilyina, T. Keeling, R. F. Landschützer, P. Manning, A. C. Patara, L. Resplandy, L. Schwinger, J. Séférian, R. Watson, A. J. Wright, R. M. Zeng, J. |
author_sort |
Mayot, N. |
title |
Climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink |
title_short |
Climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink |
title_full |
Climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink |
title_fullStr |
Climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink |
title_sort |
climate-driven variability of the southern ocean co2 sink |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/92767/ https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/92767/1/rsta.2022.0055.pdf https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0055 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/92767/1/rsta.2022.0055.pdf Mayot, N., Le Quéré, C., Rödenbeck, C., Bernardello, R., Bopp, L., Djeutchouang, L. M., Gehlen, M., Gregor, L., Gruber, N., Hauck, J., Iida, Y., Ilyina, T., Keeling, R. F., Landschützer, P., Manning, A. C., Patara, L., Resplandy, L., Schwinger, J., Séférian, R., Watson, A. J., Wright, R. M. and Zeng, J. (2023) Climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 381 (2249). ISSN 1364-503X doi:10.1098/rsta.2022.0055 |
op_rights |
cc_by |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0055 |
container_title |
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences |
container_volume |
381 |
container_issue |
2249 |
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1775356007461945344 |