Decadal acidification in the water masses of the Atlantic Ocean
Global ocean acidification is caused primarily by the ocean's uptake of CO2 as a consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2 levels. We present observations of the oceanic decrease in pH at the basin scale (50°S-36°N) for the Atlantic Ocean over two decades (1993-2013). Changes in pH associated w...
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ftuniveastangl:oai:ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk:77096 2023-06-06T11:57:20+02:00 Decadal acidification in the water masses of the Atlantic Ocean Ríos, Aida F. Resplandy, Laure García-Ibáñez, Maribel I. Fajar, Noelia M. Velo, Anton Padin, Xose A. Wanninkhof, Rik Steinfeldt, Reiner Rosón, Gabriel Pérez, Fiz F. Morel, François M.M. 2015-08-11 application/pdf https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/77096/ https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/77096/1/Published_Version.pdf https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504613112 en eng https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/77096/1/Published_Version.pdf Ríos, Aida F., Resplandy, Laure, García-Ibáñez, Maribel I., Fajar, Noelia M., Velo, Anton, Padin, Xose A., Wanninkhof, Rik, Steinfeldt, Reiner, Rosón, Gabriel, Pérez, Fiz F. and Morel, François M.M. (2015) Decadal acidification in the water masses of the Atlantic Ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112 (32). pp. 9950-9955. ISSN 0027-8424 doi:10.1073/pnas.1504613112 other Article PeerReviewed 2015 ftuniveastangl https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504613112 2023-04-13T22:32:14Z Global ocean acidification is caused primarily by the ocean's uptake of CO2 as a consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2 levels. We present observations of the oceanic decrease in pH at the basin scale (50°S-36°N) for the Atlantic Ocean over two decades (1993-2013). Changes in pH associated with the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 (ΔpHCant) and with variations caused by biological activity and ocean circulation (ΔpHNat) are evaluated for different water masses. Output from an Institut Pierre Simon Laplace climate model is used to place the results into a longer-term perspective and to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for pH change. The largest decreases in pH (ΔpH) were observed in central, mode, and intermediate waters, with a maximum ΔpH value in South Atlantic Central Waters of -0.042 ± 0.003. The ΔpH trended toward zero in deep and bottom waters. Observations and model results show that pH changes generally are dominated by the anthropogenic component, which accounts for rates between -0.0015 and -0.0020/y in the central waters. The anthropogenic and natural components are of the same order of magnitude and reinforce one another in mode and intermediate waters over the time period. Large negative ΔpHNat values observed in mode and intermediate waters are driven primarily by changes in CO2 content and are consistent with (i) a poleward shift of the formation region during the positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode in the South Atlantic and (ii) an increase in the rate of the water mass formation in the North Atlantic. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Ocean acidification University of East Anglia: UEA Digital Repository Laplace ENVELOPE(141.467,141.467,-66.782,-66.782) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112 32 9950 9955 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of East Anglia: UEA Digital Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftuniveastangl |
language |
English |
description |
Global ocean acidification is caused primarily by the ocean's uptake of CO2 as a consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2 levels. We present observations of the oceanic decrease in pH at the basin scale (50°S-36°N) for the Atlantic Ocean over two decades (1993-2013). Changes in pH associated with the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 (ΔpHCant) and with variations caused by biological activity and ocean circulation (ΔpHNat) are evaluated for different water masses. Output from an Institut Pierre Simon Laplace climate model is used to place the results into a longer-term perspective and to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for pH change. The largest decreases in pH (ΔpH) were observed in central, mode, and intermediate waters, with a maximum ΔpH value in South Atlantic Central Waters of -0.042 ± 0.003. The ΔpH trended toward zero in deep and bottom waters. Observations and model results show that pH changes generally are dominated by the anthropogenic component, which accounts for rates between -0.0015 and -0.0020/y in the central waters. The anthropogenic and natural components are of the same order of magnitude and reinforce one another in mode and intermediate waters over the time period. Large negative ΔpHNat values observed in mode and intermediate waters are driven primarily by changes in CO2 content and are consistent with (i) a poleward shift of the formation region during the positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode in the South Atlantic and (ii) an increase in the rate of the water mass formation in the North Atlantic. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ríos, Aida F. Resplandy, Laure García-Ibáñez, Maribel I. Fajar, Noelia M. Velo, Anton Padin, Xose A. Wanninkhof, Rik Steinfeldt, Reiner Rosón, Gabriel Pérez, Fiz F. Morel, François M.M. |
spellingShingle |
Ríos, Aida F. Resplandy, Laure García-Ibáñez, Maribel I. Fajar, Noelia M. Velo, Anton Padin, Xose A. Wanninkhof, Rik Steinfeldt, Reiner Rosón, Gabriel Pérez, Fiz F. Morel, François M.M. Decadal acidification in the water masses of the Atlantic Ocean |
author_facet |
Ríos, Aida F. Resplandy, Laure García-Ibáñez, Maribel I. Fajar, Noelia M. Velo, Anton Padin, Xose A. Wanninkhof, Rik Steinfeldt, Reiner Rosón, Gabriel Pérez, Fiz F. Morel, François M.M. |
author_sort |
Ríos, Aida F. |
title |
Decadal acidification in the water masses of the Atlantic Ocean |
title_short |
Decadal acidification in the water masses of the Atlantic Ocean |
title_full |
Decadal acidification in the water masses of the Atlantic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Decadal acidification in the water masses of the Atlantic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Decadal acidification in the water masses of the Atlantic Ocean |
title_sort |
decadal acidification in the water masses of the atlantic ocean |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/77096/ https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/77096/1/Published_Version.pdf https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504613112 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(141.467,141.467,-66.782,-66.782) |
geographic |
Laplace |
geographic_facet |
Laplace |
genre |
North Atlantic Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/77096/1/Published_Version.pdf Ríos, Aida F., Resplandy, Laure, García-Ibáñez, Maribel I., Fajar, Noelia M., Velo, Anton, Padin, Xose A., Wanninkhof, Rik, Steinfeldt, Reiner, Rosón, Gabriel, Pérez, Fiz F. and Morel, François M.M. (2015) Decadal acidification in the water masses of the Atlantic Ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112 (32). pp. 9950-9955. ISSN 0027-8424 doi:10.1073/pnas.1504613112 |
op_rights |
other |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504613112 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
container_volume |
112 |
container_issue |
32 |
container_start_page |
9950 |
op_container_end_page |
9955 |
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1767965438652710912 |