A multi-variable box model approach to the soft tissue carbon pump
The canonical question of which physical, chemical or biological mechanisms were responsible for oceanic uptake of atmospheric CO2 during the last glacial is yet unanswered. Insight from paleo-proxies has led to a multitude of hypotheses but none so far have been convincingly supported in three dime...
Published in: | Climate of the Past |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
2010
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/34347/ https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-827-2010 |
id |
ftuniveastangl:oai:ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk:34347 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftuniveastangl:oai:ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk:34347 2023-05-15T13:53:02+02:00 A multi-variable box model approach to the soft tissue carbon pump De Boer, A. M. Watson, A. J. Edwards, N. R. Oliver, K. I. C. 2010-12-21 https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/34347/ https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-827-2010 unknown De Boer, A. M., Watson, A. J., Edwards, N. R. and Oliver, K. I. C. (2010) A multi-variable box model approach to the soft tissue carbon pump. Climate of the Past, 6 (6). pp. 827-841. ISSN 1814-9324 doi:10.5194/cp-6-827-2010 Article PeerReviewed 2010 ftuniveastangl https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-827-2010 2023-01-30T21:31:21Z The canonical question of which physical, chemical or biological mechanisms were responsible for oceanic uptake of atmospheric CO2 during the last glacial is yet unanswered. Insight from paleo-proxies has led to a multitude of hypotheses but none so far have been convincingly supported in three dimensional numerical modelling experiments. The processes that influence the CO2 uptake and export production are inter-related and too complex to solve conceptually while complex numerical models are time consuming and expensive to run which severely limits the combinations of mechanisms that can be explored. Instead, an intermediate inverse box model approach of the soft tissue pump is used here in which the whole parameter space is explored. The glacial circulation and biological production states are derived from these using proxies of glacial export production and the need to draw down CO 2 into the ocean. We find that circulation patterns which explain glacial observations include reduced Antarctic Bottom Water formation and high latitude upwelling and mixing of deep water and to a lesser extent reduced equatorial upwelling. The proposed mechanism of CO2 uptake by an increase of eddies in the Southern Ocean, leading to a reduced residual circulation, is not supported. Regarding biological mechanisms, an increase in the nutrient utilization in either the equatorial regions or the northern polar latitudes can reduce atmospheric CO2 and satisfy proxies of glacial export production. Consistent with previous studies, CO2 is drawn down more easily through increased productivity in the Antarctic region than the sub-Antarctic, but that violates observations of lower export production there. The glacial states are more sensitive to changes in the circulation and less sensitive to changes in nutrient utilization rates than the interglacial states. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean University of East Anglia: UEA Digital Repository Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Climate of the Past 6 6 827 841 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of East Anglia: UEA Digital Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftuniveastangl |
language |
unknown |
description |
The canonical question of which physical, chemical or biological mechanisms were responsible for oceanic uptake of atmospheric CO2 during the last glacial is yet unanswered. Insight from paleo-proxies has led to a multitude of hypotheses but none so far have been convincingly supported in three dimensional numerical modelling experiments. The processes that influence the CO2 uptake and export production are inter-related and too complex to solve conceptually while complex numerical models are time consuming and expensive to run which severely limits the combinations of mechanisms that can be explored. Instead, an intermediate inverse box model approach of the soft tissue pump is used here in which the whole parameter space is explored. The glacial circulation and biological production states are derived from these using proxies of glacial export production and the need to draw down CO 2 into the ocean. We find that circulation patterns which explain glacial observations include reduced Antarctic Bottom Water formation and high latitude upwelling and mixing of deep water and to a lesser extent reduced equatorial upwelling. The proposed mechanism of CO2 uptake by an increase of eddies in the Southern Ocean, leading to a reduced residual circulation, is not supported. Regarding biological mechanisms, an increase in the nutrient utilization in either the equatorial regions or the northern polar latitudes can reduce atmospheric CO2 and satisfy proxies of glacial export production. Consistent with previous studies, CO2 is drawn down more easily through increased productivity in the Antarctic region than the sub-Antarctic, but that violates observations of lower export production there. The glacial states are more sensitive to changes in the circulation and less sensitive to changes in nutrient utilization rates than the interglacial states. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
De Boer, A. M. Watson, A. J. Edwards, N. R. Oliver, K. I. C. |
spellingShingle |
De Boer, A. M. Watson, A. J. Edwards, N. R. Oliver, K. I. C. A multi-variable box model approach to the soft tissue carbon pump |
author_facet |
De Boer, A. M. Watson, A. J. Edwards, N. R. Oliver, K. I. C. |
author_sort |
De Boer, A. M. |
title |
A multi-variable box model approach to the soft tissue carbon pump |
title_short |
A multi-variable box model approach to the soft tissue carbon pump |
title_full |
A multi-variable box model approach to the soft tissue carbon pump |
title_fullStr |
A multi-variable box model approach to the soft tissue carbon pump |
title_full_unstemmed |
A multi-variable box model approach to the soft tissue carbon pump |
title_sort |
multi-variable box model approach to the soft tissue carbon pump |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/34347/ https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-827-2010 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
De Boer, A. M., Watson, A. J., Edwards, N. R. and Oliver, K. I. C. (2010) A multi-variable box model approach to the soft tissue carbon pump. Climate of the Past, 6 (6). pp. 827-841. ISSN 1814-9324 doi:10.5194/cp-6-827-2010 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-827-2010 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
827 |
op_container_end_page |
841 |
_version_ |
1766257991186644992 |