Modelling the dynamics and thermodynamics of icebergs
Icebergs are a significant hazard for polar shipping, and, geophysically, are significant components of the mass balance of continental ice sheets while providing major freshwater inputs to the polar oceans. Some modelling of iceberg trajectories has been undertaken in the past, principally in the L...
Published in: | Cold Regions Science and Technology |
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1997
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Online Access: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/15870/ https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-232X(97)00012-8 |
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ftuniveastangl:oai:ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk:15870 2023-06-06T11:50:29+02:00 Modelling the dynamics and thermodynamics of icebergs Bigg, Grant R. Wadley, Martin R. Stevens, David P. Johnson, John A. 1997-10 https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/15870/ https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-232X(97)00012-8 unknown Bigg, Grant R., Wadley, Martin R., Stevens, David P. and Johnson, John A. (1997) Modelling the dynamics and thermodynamics of icebergs. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 26 (2). pp. 113-135. ISSN 1872-7441 doi:10.1016/S0165-232X(97)00012-8 Article PeerReviewed 1997 ftuniveastangl https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-232X(97)00012-8 2023-04-13T22:31:21Z Icebergs are a significant hazard for polar shipping, and, geophysically, are significant components of the mass balance of continental ice sheets while providing major freshwater inputs to the polar oceans. Some modelling of iceberg trajectories has been undertaken in the past, principally in the Labrador Sea, but here we present a hemispheric-wide attempt to model iceberg motion in the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans. We show that the basic force balance in iceberg motion is between water drag and water advection, but with the pure geostrophic balance being only a minor component of the latter. Iceberg density maps essentially demonstrate the effect of the major boundary currents but we show that the time and size of calving from individual tidewater glaciers are important variables in determining the ultimate fate of bergs. The biggest bergs never leave the Arctic Ocean. All modelled icebergs have melted after about 5 years from their release date, although most melt over the first year. During their lifetime most, but not all bergs, overturn several times. Our model shows good agreement with the limited observational data. We therefore suggest that icebergs, both modelled and observed, may be exploited as previously little-used geophysical tracers. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Iceberg* Labrador Sea North Atlantic University of East Anglia: UEA Digital Repository Arctic Arctic Ocean Cold Regions Science and Technology 26 2 113 135 |
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Open Polar |
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University of East Anglia: UEA Digital Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftuniveastangl |
language |
unknown |
description |
Icebergs are a significant hazard for polar shipping, and, geophysically, are significant components of the mass balance of continental ice sheets while providing major freshwater inputs to the polar oceans. Some modelling of iceberg trajectories has been undertaken in the past, principally in the Labrador Sea, but here we present a hemispheric-wide attempt to model iceberg motion in the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans. We show that the basic force balance in iceberg motion is between water drag and water advection, but with the pure geostrophic balance being only a minor component of the latter. Iceberg density maps essentially demonstrate the effect of the major boundary currents but we show that the time and size of calving from individual tidewater glaciers are important variables in determining the ultimate fate of bergs. The biggest bergs never leave the Arctic Ocean. All modelled icebergs have melted after about 5 years from their release date, although most melt over the first year. During their lifetime most, but not all bergs, overturn several times. Our model shows good agreement with the limited observational data. We therefore suggest that icebergs, both modelled and observed, may be exploited as previously little-used geophysical tracers. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bigg, Grant R. Wadley, Martin R. Stevens, David P. Johnson, John A. |
spellingShingle |
Bigg, Grant R. Wadley, Martin R. Stevens, David P. Johnson, John A. Modelling the dynamics and thermodynamics of icebergs |
author_facet |
Bigg, Grant R. Wadley, Martin R. Stevens, David P. Johnson, John A. |
author_sort |
Bigg, Grant R. |
title |
Modelling the dynamics and thermodynamics of icebergs |
title_short |
Modelling the dynamics and thermodynamics of icebergs |
title_full |
Modelling the dynamics and thermodynamics of icebergs |
title_fullStr |
Modelling the dynamics and thermodynamics of icebergs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modelling the dynamics and thermodynamics of icebergs |
title_sort |
modelling the dynamics and thermodynamics of icebergs |
publishDate |
1997 |
url |
https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/15870/ https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-232X(97)00012-8 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Iceberg* Labrador Sea North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Iceberg* Labrador Sea North Atlantic |
op_relation |
Bigg, Grant R., Wadley, Martin R., Stevens, David P. and Johnson, John A. (1997) Modelling the dynamics and thermodynamics of icebergs. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 26 (2). pp. 113-135. ISSN 1872-7441 doi:10.1016/S0165-232X(97)00012-8 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-232X(97)00012-8 |
container_title |
Cold Regions Science and Technology |
container_volume |
26 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
113 |
op_container_end_page |
135 |
_version_ |
1767956235075715072 |