A high-precision age estimate of the Holocene Plinian eruption of Mount Mazama, Oregon, USA

• Published in: The Holocene
• Main Authors: Egan, Joanne, Staff, Richard, Blackford, Jeff
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: 2015
• Subjects: Bayesian statistics; geochronology; Holocene; Mazama tephra; radiocarbon dating; tephrochronology; /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2306; name=Global and Planetary Change; /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1200/1204; name=Archaeology; /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2303; name=Ecology; /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1904; name=Earth-Surface Processes; /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1911; name=Palaeontology; Canada; Greenland; Greenland ice core; ice core
• Online Access: https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/publications/968a1882-1372-405e-a048-f3330b090eee; https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683615576230; http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84930736587&partnerID=8YFLogxK

The climactic eruption of Mount Mazama in Oregon, North America, resulted in the deposition of the most widespread Holocene tephra deposit in the conterminous United States and south-western Canada. The tephra forms an isochronous marker horizon for palaeoenvironmental, sedimentary and archaeological reconstructions, despite the current lack of a precise age estimate for the source eruption. Previous radiocarbon age estimates for the eruption have varied, and Greenland ice-core ages are in disagreement. For the Mazama tephra to be fully utilised in tephrochronology and palaeoenvironmental research, a refined (precise and accurate) age for the eruption is required. Here, we apply a meta-analysis of all previously published radiocarbon age estimations (n = 81), and perform Bayesian statistical modelling to this data set, to provide a refined age of 7682–7584 cal. yr BP (95.4% probability range). Although the depositional histories of the published ages vary, this estimate is consistent with that estimated from the GISP2 ice-core of 7627 ± 150 yr BP (Zdanowicz et al., 1999).