Simulated low-frequency modes of circulation in the Arctic Ocean
Final published version The variability of the Arctic circulation is investigated for a 43 year period (1951-1993) from a coupled ice-ocean model. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis shows that the variability of the sea surface height (SSH) and vertically integrated transport is organized...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
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American Geophysical Union
2000
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Online Access: | http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/16746 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JC900003 |
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ftunivdelaware:oai:udspace.udel.edu:19716/16746 2024-04-28T08:04:15+00:00 Simulated low-frequency modes of circulation in the Arctic Ocean Hakkinen, S. Geiger, Cathleen A. Hakkinen, S., Geiger, Cathleen A. Geiger, Cathleen A. 2000 application/pdf http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/16746 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JC900003 English (United States) eng unknown American Geophysical Union Hakkinen, S., & Geiger, C. A. (2000). Simulated low-frequency modes of circulation in the arctic ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 105(C3), 6549-6564. 0148-0227 http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/16746 doi:10.1029/2000JC900003 Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/jgr/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292169-9291/ Article 2000 ftunivdelaware https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JC90000310.1002/%28ISSN%292169-9291 2024-04-09T23:30:48Z Final published version The variability of the Arctic circulation is investigated for a 43 year period (1951-1993) from a coupled ice-ocean model. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis shows that the variability of the sea surface height (SSH) and vertically integrated transport is organized so that in the leading mode the whole Arctic operates as a single gyre. The mode is associated with the Arctic Oscillation (AO) [Thompson and Wallace, 1998], and it explains over 70% of the variance in the vertically integrated transport and 25% of the SSH variability. The physical interpretation of this mode is derived to arise from its close connection to the Atlantic inflow to the Arctic. The mode shows a major shift toward cyclonic circulation in the end of the 1980s which is associated with a large multiyear pulse of Atlantic water to the Arctic. Thus this event appears as the likely initiation of the Atlantic laver warming observed during the recent years [Carmack et al., 1995]. Overall, the first mode shows strong decadal variability as reported by Proshurinsky and Johnson [1997]. The second mode of the oceanic circulation, which explains 9% of the variance in the transport, contains mio gyres with opposing cyclonicity in the Eurasia and Canada basins. It projects onto the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) pattern and displays a 14 year cycle which is known to exist in the midlatitude North Atlantic surface temperatures [Deser and Blackmon, 1993]. A further examination reveals that this mode describes the variability of the flow through the Barents Sea, which is modulated by the water mass modification due to the local heat flux variability. The apparent NAO connection is provided by a simultaneous correlation between the time series of this second mode and the leading heat flux mode in the North Atlantic which is associated with NAG. University of Delaware. Department of Geography. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation The University of Delaware Library Institutional Repository Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 105 C3 6549 6564 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The University of Delaware Library Institutional Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivdelaware |
language |
English unknown |
description |
Final published version The variability of the Arctic circulation is investigated for a 43 year period (1951-1993) from a coupled ice-ocean model. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis shows that the variability of the sea surface height (SSH) and vertically integrated transport is organized so that in the leading mode the whole Arctic operates as a single gyre. The mode is associated with the Arctic Oscillation (AO) [Thompson and Wallace, 1998], and it explains over 70% of the variance in the vertically integrated transport and 25% of the SSH variability. The physical interpretation of this mode is derived to arise from its close connection to the Atlantic inflow to the Arctic. The mode shows a major shift toward cyclonic circulation in the end of the 1980s which is associated with a large multiyear pulse of Atlantic water to the Arctic. Thus this event appears as the likely initiation of the Atlantic laver warming observed during the recent years [Carmack et al., 1995]. Overall, the first mode shows strong decadal variability as reported by Proshurinsky and Johnson [1997]. The second mode of the oceanic circulation, which explains 9% of the variance in the transport, contains mio gyres with opposing cyclonicity in the Eurasia and Canada basins. It projects onto the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) pattern and displays a 14 year cycle which is known to exist in the midlatitude North Atlantic surface temperatures [Deser and Blackmon, 1993]. A further examination reveals that this mode describes the variability of the flow through the Barents Sea, which is modulated by the water mass modification due to the local heat flux variability. The apparent NAO connection is provided by a simultaneous correlation between the time series of this second mode and the leading heat flux mode in the North Atlantic which is associated with NAG. University of Delaware. Department of Geography. |
author2 |
Hakkinen, S., Geiger, Cathleen A. Geiger, Cathleen A. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hakkinen, S. Geiger, Cathleen A. |
spellingShingle |
Hakkinen, S. Geiger, Cathleen A. Simulated low-frequency modes of circulation in the Arctic Ocean |
author_facet |
Hakkinen, S. Geiger, Cathleen A. |
author_sort |
Hakkinen, S. |
title |
Simulated low-frequency modes of circulation in the Arctic Ocean |
title_short |
Simulated low-frequency modes of circulation in the Arctic Ocean |
title_full |
Simulated low-frequency modes of circulation in the Arctic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Simulated low-frequency modes of circulation in the Arctic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Simulated low-frequency modes of circulation in the Arctic Ocean |
title_sort |
simulated low-frequency modes of circulation in the arctic ocean |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2000 |
url |
http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/16746 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JC900003 |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/jgr/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292169-9291/ |
op_relation |
Hakkinen, S., & Geiger, C. A. (2000). Simulated low-frequency modes of circulation in the arctic ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 105(C3), 6549-6564. 0148-0227 http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/16746 doi:10.1029/2000JC900003 |
op_rights |
Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JC90000310.1002/%28ISSN%292169-9291 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
container_volume |
105 |
container_issue |
C3 |
container_start_page |
6549 |
op_container_end_page |
6564 |
_version_ |
1797575033589071872 |