Treatment of residual lubricating oil using rice husk-based material as ecological adsorbent

One of the most significant environmental problems the world population faces is the inadequate disposal of petroleum derivatives. Lubricant oil is a hazardous waste due to its properties and characteristics. This study is a new proposal for using rice waste as an adsorbent to remove lubricating oil...

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Published in:Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention
Main Authors: Farias, R. B. H. B., Pinto, D., Goulart, M. L., Igansi, A. V., Loebens, L., Yılmaz, M., Silva Oliveira, Luis Felipe, Andreazza, R., Cadaval Jr, T. R. S., Quadro, M. S.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Springer Japan 2023
Subjects:
Adsorption
Lubricating oil
Rice husk
Adsorption capacities
Arctic
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9932
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-022-01524-4
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
id ftunivcosta:oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/9932
record_format openpolar
institution Open Polar
collection REDICUC - Repositorio Universidad de La Costa
op_collection_id ftunivcosta
language English
topic Adsorption
Lubricating oil
Rice husk
Adsorption capacities
spellingShingle Adsorption
Lubricating oil
Rice husk
Adsorption capacities
Farias, R. B. H. B.
Pinto, D.
Goulart, M. L.
Igansi, A. V.
Loebens, L.
Yılmaz, M.
Silva Oliveira, Luis Felipe
Andreazza, R.
Cadaval Jr, T. R. S.
Quadro, M. S.
Treatment of residual lubricating oil using rice husk-based material as ecological adsorbent
topic_facet Adsorption
Lubricating oil
Rice husk
Adsorption capacities
description One of the most significant environmental problems the world population faces is the inadequate disposal of petroleum derivatives. Lubricant oil is a hazardous waste due to its properties and characteristics. This study is a new proposal for using rice waste as an adsorbent to remove lubricating oils from a water medium. Rice husk from local industries was prepared using four different techniques: thermal treatment, alkaline treatment, acid treated and without treatment. The experiment used a mineral-based lubricating oil for gasoline and ethanol engines as adsorbate. Absorbents were characterized using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), morphological structure (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Specific surface area and pore size distribution (BET/BJH). The adsorbent without treatment showed the smallest surface area (0.79 m2 g−1), while the adsorbent produced using acid treatment showed the largest (3.71 m2 g−1). The adsorption kinetic behavior was obtained by adjusting the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Elovich models. Elovich models showed more adequate results to represent the kinetic profile. The adsorbents showed high adsorption capacities, ranging from 1650 to 2000 mg g−1. The adsorbent produced using heat treatment (RH-H) was the most efficient for removing lubricating oil.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Farias, R. B. H. B.
Pinto, D.
Goulart, M. L.
Igansi, A. V.
Loebens, L.
Yılmaz, M.
Silva Oliveira, Luis Felipe
Andreazza, R.
Cadaval Jr, T. R. S.
Quadro, M. S.
author_facet Farias, R. B. H. B.
Pinto, D.
Goulart, M. L.
Igansi, A. V.
Loebens, L.
Yılmaz, M.
Silva Oliveira, Luis Felipe
Andreazza, R.
Cadaval Jr, T. R. S.
Quadro, M. S.
author_sort Farias, R. B. H. B.
title Treatment of residual lubricating oil using rice husk-based material as ecological adsorbent
title_short Treatment of residual lubricating oil using rice husk-based material as ecological adsorbent
title_full Treatment of residual lubricating oil using rice husk-based material as ecological adsorbent
title_fullStr Treatment of residual lubricating oil using rice husk-based material as ecological adsorbent
title_full_unstemmed Treatment of residual lubricating oil using rice husk-based material as ecological adsorbent
title_sort treatment of residual lubricating oil using rice husk-based material as ecological adsorbent
publisher Springer Japan
publishDate 2023
url https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9932
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-022-01524-4
https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/
genre Arctic
genre_facet Arctic
op_source https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10163-022-01524-4
op_relation Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management
Zhaoyang Y, Zhi C, Kenneth L, Edward O, Michel CB, Chunjiang A, Elliott T (2021) Decision support tools for oil spill response (OSR-DSTs): approaches, challenges, and future research perspectives. Mar Pollut Bull 167:112313
Bullock RJ, Perkins RA, Aggarwal S (2019) In-situ burning with chemical herders for arctic oil spill response: meta-analysis and review. Sci Total Environ 675:705–716
Xu X, Liu W, Tian S, Wang W, Qi Q, Jiang P, Gao X, Li F, Li H, Yu H (2018) Petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria for the remediation of oil pollution under aerobic conditions: a perspective analysis. Front Microbiol 9:2885
Liu A, Hong N, Zhu P, Guan Y (2018) Understanding benzene series (BTEX) pollutant load characteristics in the urban environment. Sci Total Environ 619:938–945
Perrot V, Landing WM, Grubbs RD, Salters VJM (2019) Mercury bioaccumulation in tilefish from the northeastern Gulf of Mexico 2 years after the deepwater Horizon oil spill: Insights from Hg, C, N and S stable isotopes. Sci Total Environ 666:828–838
Krunal P, Syed S, Rama G, Niragi D (2022) Prospects of conducting polymer as an adsorbent for used lubricant oil reclamation. Mater Today Proc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.01.130 (in press)
Willing A (2001) Lubricants based on renewable resources—an environmentally compatible alternative to mineral oil products. Chemosphere 43:89–98
Rosa MP, Igansi AV, Lutke SF, Cadaval TRS, Rangel SAC, Oliveira APLI, Pinto LAA, Beck PH (2016) A new approach to convert rice husk waste in a quick and efficient adsorbent to remove cationic dye from water. J Environ Chem Eng 7:103504
Affonso LN, Marques JL Jr, Lima VVC, Gonçalves JO, Barbosa SC, Primel EG, Burgo TAL, Dotto GL, Pinto LAA, Cadaval Jr TRS (2020) Removal of fluoride from fertilizer industry effluent using carbon nanotubes stabilized in chitosan sponge. J Hazard Mater 388:122042
Vieira MLG, Pinheiro CP, Silva KA, Lutke SF, Cadaval TRS Jr, Pinto LAA (2019) Chitosan and cyanoguanidine-crosslinked chitosan coated glass beads and its application in fixed bed adsorption. Chem Eng Commun 206:1474–1486
Farias BS, Vidal EM, Ribeiro NT, Silveira N Jr, Vaz SB, Kuntzler SG, Moraes MG, Cadaval TRS, Pinto LAA (2018) Electrospun chitosan/poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibers applied for the removal of glycerol impurities from biodiesel production by biosorption. J Mol Liq 268:365–370
Côrtes LN, Druzian SP, Streit AFM, Godinho M, Perondi D, Collazzo GC, Oliveira MLS, Cadaval TRS, Dotto GL (2019) Biochars from animal wastes as alternative materials to treat colored effluents containing basic red 9. J Environ Chem Eng 7:103446
Ali I (2014) Water treatment by adsorption columns: evaluation at ground level. Sep Purif Rev 43:175–205
Ali I, Asim M, Khan TA (2012) Low cost adsorbents for the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater. J Environ Manag 113:170–183
Crini G, Badot PM (2008) Application of chitosan, a natural aminopolysaccharide, for dye removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption processes using batch studies: a review of recent literature. Prog Polym Sci 33:399–447
Wang X, Liu Y, Zheng J (2016) Removal of As(III) and As(V) from water by chitosan and chitosan derivatives: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 23:13789–13801
Namasivayam C, Kumar MD, Selvi K, Begum RA, Vanathi T, Yamuna RT (2001) ‘Waste’ coirpith—a potencial biomass for the treatment of dyeing waste waters. Biomass Bioenergy 21:477–483
Zhou X, Moghaddam TB, Chen M, Wu S, Adhikari S (2020) Biochar removes volatile organic compounds generated from asphalt. Sci Total Environ 745:141096
Liu X, Ji R, Shi Y, Wang F, Chen W (2019) Release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from biochar fine particles in simulated lung fluids: Implications for bioavailability and risks of airborne aromatics. Sci Total Environ 655:1159–1168
Lütke SF, Igansi AV, Pegoraro L, Dotto GL, Pinto LAA, Cadaval TRS (2019) Preparation of activated carbon from black wattle bark waste and its application for phenol adsorption. J Environ Chem Eng 7:103396
Alhashimi HA, Aktas CB (2017) Life cycle environmental and economic performance of biochar compared with activated carbon: a meta-analysis. Resour Conserv Recycl 118:13–26
The Foreign Agricultural Services (USDA). https://www.fas.usda.gov. Accessed 30 May 2022
Tang D, Cheng Z (2018) From basic research to molecular breeding—Chinese Scientists play a central role in boosting world rice production. Genom Prot Bioinform 16:389–392
Baird RB (2017) Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, vol 21. AWWA, APHA & WPCF, Washington
Kumirska J, Czerwicka M, Kaczyński Z, Bychowska A, Brzozowski K, Thöming J, Stepnowski P (2010) Application of spectroscopic methods for structural analysis of chitin and chitosan. Mar Drugs 8:1567–1636
Escudero LB, Smichowski PN, Dotto GL (2017) Macroalgae of Iridaea cordata as an efficient biosorbent to remove hazardous cationic dyes from aqueous solutions. Water Sci Technol 76:3379–3391
El-Khaiary MI, Malash GF (2011) Common data analysis errors in batch adsorption studies. Hydrometallurgy 105:314–320
Pohndorf RS, Cadaval TRS Jr, Pinto LAA (2016) Kinetics and thermodynamics adsorption of carotenoids and chlorophylls in rice bran oil bleaching. J Food Eng 185:9–16
Javadinejad S, Ostad-Ali-Askari K, Jafary F (2019) Using simulation model to determine the regulation and to optimize the quantity of chlorine injection in water distribution networks. Model Earth Syst Environ 5:1015–1023
Ostad-Ali-Askari K, Shayannejad M, Ghorbanizadeh-Kharazi H (2017) Artificial neural network for modeling nitrate pollution of groundwater in marginal area of Zayandeh-rood River, Isfahan. Iran. KSCE J Civ Eng 21:134–140
Luangkiattikhun P, Tangsathitkulchai C, Tangsathitkulchai M (2008) Nonisothermal thermogravimetric analysis of oil-palm solid wastes. Bioresour Technol 99(5):986–997
Ndazi BS, Nyahumwa CW, Tesha J (2008) Chemical and thermal stability of rice husks against alkali treatment. BioResources 3:1267–1277
Yeng LC, Wahit MU, Othman N (2015) Thermal and flexural properties of regenerated cellulose (RC)/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) biocomposites. J Teknol 75:107–112
Morán JI, Alvarez VA, Cyras VP, Vázquez A (2008) Extraction of cellulose and preparation of nanocellulose from sisal fibers. Cellulose 15:149–159
Ludueña L, Fasce D, Alvarez VA, Stefani PM (2011) Nanocellulose from rice husk following alkaline treatment to remove silica. BioResources 6:1440–1453
Wanga S, Wanga Q, Hua YM, Xub SN, Hea ZX, Ji HS (2015) Study on the synergistic co-pyrolysis behaviors of mixed rice husk and two types of seaweed by a combined TG-FTIR technique. J Anal Appl Pyrol 114:109–118
Halimatun SH, Farah NO, Jiangyu Z, Minato W (2021) Enhanced crystallinity and thermal properties of cellulose from rice husk using acid hydrolysis treatment. Carbohydr Polym 260:117789
Chen K, Zhang T, Chen X, He Y, Liang X (2018) Model construction of micro-pores in shale: a case study of silurian longmaxi formation shale in dianqianbei area. SW China Petrol Explor Dev 45(3):412–421
61
52
1
25
Farias, R.B.H.B., Pinto, D., Goulart, M.L. et al. Treatment of residual lubricating oil using rice husk-based material as ecological adsorbent. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 25, 52–61 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-022-01524-4
1438-4957
https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9932
doi:10.1007/s10163-022-01524-4
1611-8227
Corporación Universidad de la Costa
REDICUC - Repositorio CUC
op_rights © 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Part of Springer Nature.
Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cf
op_rightsnorm CC-BY
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-022-01524-4
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.01.130
container_title Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention
container_volume 22
container_issue 1
container_start_page 104
op_container_end_page 123
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spelling ftunivcosta:oai:repositorio.cuc.edu.co:11323/9932 2023-05-15T14:28:28+02:00 Treatment of residual lubricating oil using rice husk-based material as ecological adsorbent Farias, R. B. H. B. Pinto, D. Goulart, M. L. Igansi, A. V. Loebens, L. Yılmaz, M. Silva Oliveira, Luis Felipe Andreazza, R. Cadaval Jr, T. R. S. Quadro, M. S. 2023-02-28T16:47:28Z 1 página application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9932 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-022-01524-4 https://repositorio.cuc.edu.co/ eng eng Springer Japan Japan Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management Zhaoyang Y, Zhi C, Kenneth L, Edward O, Michel CB, Chunjiang A, Elliott T (2021) Decision support tools for oil spill response (OSR-DSTs): approaches, challenges, and future research perspectives. Mar Pollut Bull 167:112313 Bullock RJ, Perkins RA, Aggarwal S (2019) In-situ burning with chemical herders for arctic oil spill response: meta-analysis and review. Sci Total Environ 675:705–716 Xu X, Liu W, Tian S, Wang W, Qi Q, Jiang P, Gao X, Li F, Li H, Yu H (2018) Petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria for the remediation of oil pollution under aerobic conditions: a perspective analysis. Front Microbiol 9:2885 Liu A, Hong N, Zhu P, Guan Y (2018) Understanding benzene series (BTEX) pollutant load characteristics in the urban environment. Sci Total Environ 619:938–945 Perrot V, Landing WM, Grubbs RD, Salters VJM (2019) Mercury bioaccumulation in tilefish from the northeastern Gulf of Mexico 2 years after the deepwater Horizon oil spill: Insights from Hg, C, N and S stable isotopes. Sci Total Environ 666:828–838 Krunal P, Syed S, Rama G, Niragi D (2022) Prospects of conducting polymer as an adsorbent for used lubricant oil reclamation. Mater Today Proc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.01.130 (in press) Willing A (2001) Lubricants based on renewable resources—an environmentally compatible alternative to mineral oil products. Chemosphere 43:89–98 Rosa MP, Igansi AV, Lutke SF, Cadaval TRS, Rangel SAC, Oliveira APLI, Pinto LAA, Beck PH (2016) A new approach to convert rice husk waste in a quick and efficient adsorbent to remove cationic dye from water. J Environ Chem Eng 7:103504 Affonso LN, Marques JL Jr, Lima VVC, Gonçalves JO, Barbosa SC, Primel EG, Burgo TAL, Dotto GL, Pinto LAA, Cadaval Jr TRS (2020) Removal of fluoride from fertilizer industry effluent using carbon nanotubes stabilized in chitosan sponge. J Hazard Mater 388:122042 Vieira MLG, Pinheiro CP, Silva KA, Lutke SF, Cadaval TRS Jr, Pinto LAA (2019) Chitosan and cyanoguanidine-crosslinked chitosan coated glass beads and its application in fixed bed adsorption. Chem Eng Commun 206:1474–1486 Farias BS, Vidal EM, Ribeiro NT, Silveira N Jr, Vaz SB, Kuntzler SG, Moraes MG, Cadaval TRS, Pinto LAA (2018) Electrospun chitosan/poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibers applied for the removal of glycerol impurities from biodiesel production by biosorption. J Mol Liq 268:365–370 Côrtes LN, Druzian SP, Streit AFM, Godinho M, Perondi D, Collazzo GC, Oliveira MLS, Cadaval TRS, Dotto GL (2019) Biochars from animal wastes as alternative materials to treat colored effluents containing basic red 9. J Environ Chem Eng 7:103446 Ali I (2014) Water treatment by adsorption columns: evaluation at ground level. Sep Purif Rev 43:175–205 Ali I, Asim M, Khan TA (2012) Low cost adsorbents for the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater. J Environ Manag 113:170–183 Crini G, Badot PM (2008) Application of chitosan, a natural aminopolysaccharide, for dye removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption processes using batch studies: a review of recent literature. Prog Polym Sci 33:399–447 Wang X, Liu Y, Zheng J (2016) Removal of As(III) and As(V) from water by chitosan and chitosan derivatives: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 23:13789–13801 Namasivayam C, Kumar MD, Selvi K, Begum RA, Vanathi T, Yamuna RT (2001) ‘Waste’ coirpith—a potencial biomass for the treatment of dyeing waste waters. Biomass Bioenergy 21:477–483 Zhou X, Moghaddam TB, Chen M, Wu S, Adhikari S (2020) Biochar removes volatile organic compounds generated from asphalt. Sci Total Environ 745:141096 Liu X, Ji R, Shi Y, Wang F, Chen W (2019) Release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from biochar fine particles in simulated lung fluids: Implications for bioavailability and risks of airborne aromatics. Sci Total Environ 655:1159–1168 Lütke SF, Igansi AV, Pegoraro L, Dotto GL, Pinto LAA, Cadaval TRS (2019) Preparation of activated carbon from black wattle bark waste and its application for phenol adsorption. J Environ Chem Eng 7:103396 Alhashimi HA, Aktas CB (2017) Life cycle environmental and economic performance of biochar compared with activated carbon: a meta-analysis. Resour Conserv Recycl 118:13–26 The Foreign Agricultural Services (USDA). https://www.fas.usda.gov. Accessed 30 May 2022 Tang D, Cheng Z (2018) From basic research to molecular breeding—Chinese Scientists play a central role in boosting world rice production. Genom Prot Bioinform 16:389–392 Baird RB (2017) Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, vol 21. AWWA, APHA & WPCF, Washington Kumirska J, Czerwicka M, Kaczyński Z, Bychowska A, Brzozowski K, Thöming J, Stepnowski P (2010) Application of spectroscopic methods for structural analysis of chitin and chitosan. Mar Drugs 8:1567–1636 Escudero LB, Smichowski PN, Dotto GL (2017) Macroalgae of Iridaea cordata as an efficient biosorbent to remove hazardous cationic dyes from aqueous solutions. Water Sci Technol 76:3379–3391 El-Khaiary MI, Malash GF (2011) Common data analysis errors in batch adsorption studies. Hydrometallurgy 105:314–320 Pohndorf RS, Cadaval TRS Jr, Pinto LAA (2016) Kinetics and thermodynamics adsorption of carotenoids and chlorophylls in rice bran oil bleaching. J Food Eng 185:9–16 Javadinejad S, Ostad-Ali-Askari K, Jafary F (2019) Using simulation model to determine the regulation and to optimize the quantity of chlorine injection in water distribution networks. Model Earth Syst Environ 5:1015–1023 Ostad-Ali-Askari K, Shayannejad M, Ghorbanizadeh-Kharazi H (2017) Artificial neural network for modeling nitrate pollution of groundwater in marginal area of Zayandeh-rood River, Isfahan. Iran. KSCE J Civ Eng 21:134–140 Luangkiattikhun P, Tangsathitkulchai C, Tangsathitkulchai M (2008) Nonisothermal thermogravimetric analysis of oil-palm solid wastes. Bioresour Technol 99(5):986–997 Ndazi BS, Nyahumwa CW, Tesha J (2008) Chemical and thermal stability of rice husks against alkali treatment. BioResources 3:1267–1277 Yeng LC, Wahit MU, Othman N (2015) Thermal and flexural properties of regenerated cellulose (RC)/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) biocomposites. J Teknol 75:107–112 Morán JI, Alvarez VA, Cyras VP, Vázquez A (2008) Extraction of cellulose and preparation of nanocellulose from sisal fibers. Cellulose 15:149–159 Ludueña L, Fasce D, Alvarez VA, Stefani PM (2011) Nanocellulose from rice husk following alkaline treatment to remove silica. BioResources 6:1440–1453 Wanga S, Wanga Q, Hua YM, Xub SN, Hea ZX, Ji HS (2015) Study on the synergistic co-pyrolysis behaviors of mixed rice husk and two types of seaweed by a combined TG-FTIR technique. J Anal Appl Pyrol 114:109–118 Halimatun SH, Farah NO, Jiangyu Z, Minato W (2021) Enhanced crystallinity and thermal properties of cellulose from rice husk using acid hydrolysis treatment. Carbohydr Polym 260:117789 Chen K, Zhang T, Chen X, He Y, Liang X (2018) Model construction of micro-pores in shale: a case study of silurian longmaxi formation shale in dianqianbei area. SW China Petrol Explor Dev 45(3):412–421 61 52 1 25 Farias, R.B.H.B., Pinto, D., Goulart, M.L. et al. Treatment of residual lubricating oil using rice husk-based material as ecological adsorbent. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 25, 52–61 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-022-01524-4 1438-4957 https://hdl.handle.net/11323/9932 doi:10.1007/s10163-022-01524-4 1611-8227 Corporación Universidad de la Costa REDICUC - Repositorio CUC © 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Part of Springer Nature. Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cf CC-BY https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10163-022-01524-4 Adsorption Lubricating oil Rice husk Adsorption capacities Artículo de revista http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 Text info:eu-repo/semantics/article http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART info:eu-repo/semantics/draft http://purl.org/coar/version/c_b1a7d7d4d402bcce 2023 ftunivcosta https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-022-01524-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.01.130 2023-03-05T19:10:41Z One of the most significant environmental problems the world population faces is the inadequate disposal of petroleum derivatives. Lubricant oil is a hazardous waste due to its properties and characteristics. This study is a new proposal for using rice waste as an adsorbent to remove lubricating oils from a water medium. Rice husk from local industries was prepared using four different techniques: thermal treatment, alkaline treatment, acid treated and without treatment. The experiment used a mineral-based lubricating oil for gasoline and ethanol engines as adsorbate. Absorbents were characterized using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), morphological structure (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Specific surface area and pore size distribution (BET/BJH). The adsorbent without treatment showed the smallest surface area (0.79 m2 g−1), while the adsorbent produced using acid treatment showed the largest (3.71 m2 g−1). The adsorption kinetic behavior was obtained by adjusting the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Elovich models. Elovich models showed more adequate results to represent the kinetic profile. The adsorbents showed high adsorption capacities, ranging from 1650 to 2000 mg g−1. The adsorbent produced using heat treatment (RH-H) was the most efficient for removing lubricating oil. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic REDICUC - Repositorio Universidad de La Costa Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention 22 1 104 123

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