Export specialization and diversification by countries (1981 -2015)
Exports bring a lot of benefits to a country, such as foreign exchange earnings, labor creation, cost reduction, and international participation. Nevertheless, exports also expose the country to some risks. The goal of this research work is to quantify the vulnerability level of countries involved i...
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Universidad Católica de Cuenca
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ftunivccuenca:oai:ojs2.test.ucacue.edu.ec:article/350 2023-05-15T16:30:16+02:00 Export specialization and diversification by countries (1981 -2015) Especialización y Diversificación de las exportaciones por países (1981 -2015) Macías Badaraco, Katya Vanessa Tinoco Diaz, Evelyn Karina Puyol Cortez, Jorge Luis 2018-10-04 application/pdf application/epub+zip audio/mpeg https://killkana.ucacue.edu.ec/index.php/killkana_social/article/view/350 https://doi.org/10.26871/killkanasocial.v2i3.350 spa spa Universidad Católica de Cuenca https://killkana.ucacue.edu.ec/index.php/killkana_social/article/view/350/438 https://killkana.ucacue.edu.ec/index.php/killkana_social/article/view/350/605 https://killkana.ucacue.edu.ec/index.php/killkana_social/article/view/350/633 https://killkana.ucacue.edu.ec/index.php/killkana_social/article/view/350 doi:10.26871/killkanasocial.v2i3.350 Derechos de autor 2018 Killkana Social Killkana Social; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2018): Revista Killkana Sociales; 203-208 Killkana Social; Vol. 2 Núm. 3 (2018): Revista Killkana Sociales; 203-208 2588-087X 2528-8008 10.26871/killkanasocial.v2i3 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo evaluado por pares 2018 ftunivccuenca https://doi.org/10.26871/killkanasocial.v2i3.350 https://doi.org/10.26871/killkanasocial.v2i3 2023-01-05T17:35:16Z Exports bring a lot of benefits to a country, such as foreign exchange earnings, labor creation, cost reduction, and international participation. Nevertheless, exports also expose the country to some risks. The goal of this research work is to quantify the vulnerability level of countries involved in foreign trade through the Herfindhal index. The higher this index is, the higher the concentration of exports in one specific sector, which translates into greater vulnerability to changes or shifts in the sector's demand. Therefore, with more diversified exports, the ability of a country to face international economic fluctuations increases. Conversely, countries with poorly diversified exports are in a remarkably fragile economic condition. The methodology followed is both descriptive and quantitative. Data from the World Trade Organisation on annual exports per sector in 181 countries in the period 1987-2015 was analysed. The determining factors of the concentration or vulnerability index were analysed through panel data. This index is used to measure the exports specialisation or concentration level in the countries within the sample. The variables analysed are: population, GDP, GDP per capita, exports as % of GDP, and exports per area. The results show that The Netherlands, U.S.A., and South Korea have the lowest specialisation index, and Iraq, Greenland and Angola the highest. The conclusion is that diversification maximises exports supply and reduces the impact of international fluctuations. Las exportaciones de un país representan un sinnúmero de beneficios, tales como el ingreso de divisas, creación de fuentes de empleo, la reducción de costos, participación internacional, entre otros. No obstante, estas también lo exponen a ciertas vulnerabilidades. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo ha sido cuantificar el nivel de vulnerabilidad que enfrentan los países en el comercio exterior mediante el índice Herfindahl. Un valor elevado del índice se traduce en una gran concentración de las exportaciones en un sector ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Revistas Killkana (Universidad Católica de Cuenca) Greenland Elevado ENVELOPE(-63.267,-63.267,-64.683,-64.683) |
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Open Polar |
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Revistas Killkana (Universidad Católica de Cuenca) |
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ftunivccuenca |
language |
Spanish |
description |
Exports bring a lot of benefits to a country, such as foreign exchange earnings, labor creation, cost reduction, and international participation. Nevertheless, exports also expose the country to some risks. The goal of this research work is to quantify the vulnerability level of countries involved in foreign trade through the Herfindhal index. The higher this index is, the higher the concentration of exports in one specific sector, which translates into greater vulnerability to changes or shifts in the sector's demand. Therefore, with more diversified exports, the ability of a country to face international economic fluctuations increases. Conversely, countries with poorly diversified exports are in a remarkably fragile economic condition. The methodology followed is both descriptive and quantitative. Data from the World Trade Organisation on annual exports per sector in 181 countries in the period 1987-2015 was analysed. The determining factors of the concentration or vulnerability index were analysed through panel data. This index is used to measure the exports specialisation or concentration level in the countries within the sample. The variables analysed are: population, GDP, GDP per capita, exports as % of GDP, and exports per area. The results show that The Netherlands, U.S.A., and South Korea have the lowest specialisation index, and Iraq, Greenland and Angola the highest. The conclusion is that diversification maximises exports supply and reduces the impact of international fluctuations. Las exportaciones de un país representan un sinnúmero de beneficios, tales como el ingreso de divisas, creación de fuentes de empleo, la reducción de costos, participación internacional, entre otros. No obstante, estas también lo exponen a ciertas vulnerabilidades. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo ha sido cuantificar el nivel de vulnerabilidad que enfrentan los países en el comercio exterior mediante el índice Herfindahl. Un valor elevado del índice se traduce en una gran concentración de las exportaciones en un sector ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Macías Badaraco, Katya Vanessa Tinoco Diaz, Evelyn Karina Puyol Cortez, Jorge Luis |
spellingShingle |
Macías Badaraco, Katya Vanessa Tinoco Diaz, Evelyn Karina Puyol Cortez, Jorge Luis Export specialization and diversification by countries (1981 -2015) |
author_facet |
Macías Badaraco, Katya Vanessa Tinoco Diaz, Evelyn Karina Puyol Cortez, Jorge Luis |
author_sort |
Macías Badaraco, Katya Vanessa |
title |
Export specialization and diversification by countries (1981 -2015) |
title_short |
Export specialization and diversification by countries (1981 -2015) |
title_full |
Export specialization and diversification by countries (1981 -2015) |
title_fullStr |
Export specialization and diversification by countries (1981 -2015) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Export specialization and diversification by countries (1981 -2015) |
title_sort |
export specialization and diversification by countries (1981 -2015) |
publisher |
Universidad Católica de Cuenca |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://killkana.ucacue.edu.ec/index.php/killkana_social/article/view/350 https://doi.org/10.26871/killkanasocial.v2i3.350 |
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ENVELOPE(-63.267,-63.267,-64.683,-64.683) |
geographic |
Greenland Elevado |
geographic_facet |
Greenland Elevado |
genre |
Greenland |
genre_facet |
Greenland |
op_source |
Killkana Social; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2018): Revista Killkana Sociales; 203-208 Killkana Social; Vol. 2 Núm. 3 (2018): Revista Killkana Sociales; 203-208 2588-087X 2528-8008 10.26871/killkanasocial.v2i3 |
op_relation |
https://killkana.ucacue.edu.ec/index.php/killkana_social/article/view/350/438 https://killkana.ucacue.edu.ec/index.php/killkana_social/article/view/350/605 https://killkana.ucacue.edu.ec/index.php/killkana_social/article/view/350/633 https://killkana.ucacue.edu.ec/index.php/killkana_social/article/view/350 doi:10.26871/killkanasocial.v2i3.350 |
op_rights |
Derechos de autor 2018 Killkana Social |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.26871/killkanasocial.v2i3.350 https://doi.org/10.26871/killkanasocial.v2i3 |
_version_ |
1766019979489050624 |