DeepMIP: model intercomparison of early eocene climatic optimum (EECO) large-scale climate features and comparison with proxy data
We present results from an ensemble of eight climate models, each of which has carried out simulations of the early Eocene climate optimum (EECO, ∼ 50 million years ago). These simulations have been carried out in the framework of the Deep-Time Model Intercomparison Project (DeepMIP; http://www.deep...
Published in: | Climate of the Past |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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European Geosciences Union (EGU) / Copernicus Publications
2021
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Online Access: | https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/136811/ https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-203-2021 https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/136811/4/cp-17-203-2021.pdf |
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Cardiff University: ORCA (Online Research @ Cardiff) |
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English |
description |
We present results from an ensemble of eight climate models, each of which has carried out simulations of the early Eocene climate optimum (EECO, ∼ 50 million years ago). These simulations have been carried out in the framework of the Deep-Time Model Intercomparison Project (DeepMIP; http://www.deepmip.org, last access: 10 January 2021); thus, all models have been configured with the same paleogeographic and vegetation boundary conditions. The results indicate that these non-CO2 boundary conditions contribute between 3 and 5 ∘C to Eocene warmth. Compared with results from previous studies, the DeepMIP simulations generally show a reduced spread of the global mean surface temperature response across the ensemble for a given atmospheric CO2 concentration as well as an increased climate sensitivity on average. An energy balance analysis of the model ensemble indicates that global mean warming in the Eocene compared with the preindustrial period mostly arises from decreases in emissivity due to the elevated CO2 concentration (and associated water vapour and long-wave cloud feedbacks), whereas the reduction in the Eocene in terms of the meridional temperature gradient is primarily due to emissivity and albedo changes owing to the non-CO2 boundary conditions (i.e. the removal of the Antarctic ice sheet and changes in vegetation). Three of the models (the Community Earth System Model, CESM; the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, GFDL, model; and the Norwegian Earth System Model, NorESM) show results that are consistent with the proxies in terms of the global mean temperature, meridional SST gradient, and CO2, without prescribing changes to model parameters. In addition, many of the models agree well with the first-order spatial patterns in the SST proxies. However, at a more regional scale, the models lack skill. In particular, the modelled anomalies are substantially lower than those indicated by the proxies in the southwest Pacific; here, modelled continental surface air temperature anomalies are more consistent ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lunt, Daniel J. Bragg, Fran Chan, Wing-Le Hutchinson, David K. Ladant, Jean-Baptiste Morozova, Polina Niezgodzki, Igor Steinig, Sebastian Zhang, Zhongshi Zhu, Jiang Abe-Ouchi, Ayako Anagnostou, Eleni de Boer, Agatha M. Coxall, Helen K. Donnadieu, Yannick Foster, Gavin Inglis, Gordon N. Knorr, Gregor Langebroek, Petra M. Lear, Caroline H. Lohmann, Gerrit Poulsen, Christopher J. Sepulchre, Pierre Tierney, Jessica E. Valdes, Paul J. Jones, Tom Dunkley Hollis, Christopher J. Huber, Matthew Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. |
spellingShingle |
Lunt, Daniel J. Bragg, Fran Chan, Wing-Le Hutchinson, David K. Ladant, Jean-Baptiste Morozova, Polina Niezgodzki, Igor Steinig, Sebastian Zhang, Zhongshi Zhu, Jiang Abe-Ouchi, Ayako Anagnostou, Eleni de Boer, Agatha M. Coxall, Helen K. Donnadieu, Yannick Foster, Gavin Inglis, Gordon N. Knorr, Gregor Langebroek, Petra M. Lear, Caroline H. Lohmann, Gerrit Poulsen, Christopher J. Sepulchre, Pierre Tierney, Jessica E. Valdes, Paul J. Jones, Tom Dunkley Hollis, Christopher J. Huber, Matthew Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. DeepMIP: model intercomparison of early eocene climatic optimum (EECO) large-scale climate features and comparison with proxy data |
author_facet |
Lunt, Daniel J. Bragg, Fran Chan, Wing-Le Hutchinson, David K. Ladant, Jean-Baptiste Morozova, Polina Niezgodzki, Igor Steinig, Sebastian Zhang, Zhongshi Zhu, Jiang Abe-Ouchi, Ayako Anagnostou, Eleni de Boer, Agatha M. Coxall, Helen K. Donnadieu, Yannick Foster, Gavin Inglis, Gordon N. Knorr, Gregor Langebroek, Petra M. Lear, Caroline H. Lohmann, Gerrit Poulsen, Christopher J. Sepulchre, Pierre Tierney, Jessica E. Valdes, Paul J. Jones, Tom Dunkley Hollis, Christopher J. Huber, Matthew Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. |
author_sort |
Lunt, Daniel J. |
title |
DeepMIP: model intercomparison of early eocene climatic optimum (EECO) large-scale climate features and comparison with proxy data |
title_short |
DeepMIP: model intercomparison of early eocene climatic optimum (EECO) large-scale climate features and comparison with proxy data |
title_full |
DeepMIP: model intercomparison of early eocene climatic optimum (EECO) large-scale climate features and comparison with proxy data |
title_fullStr |
DeepMIP: model intercomparison of early eocene climatic optimum (EECO) large-scale climate features and comparison with proxy data |
title_full_unstemmed |
DeepMIP: model intercomparison of early eocene climatic optimum (EECO) large-scale climate features and comparison with proxy data |
title_sort |
deepmip: model intercomparison of early eocene climatic optimum (eeco) large-scale climate features and comparison with proxy data |
publisher |
European Geosciences Union (EGU) / Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/136811/ https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-203-2021 https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/136811/4/cp-17-203-2021.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Pacific |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet |
op_relation |
https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/136811/4/cp-17-203-2021.pdf Lunt, Daniel J., Bragg, Fran, Chan, Wing-Le, Hutchinson, David K., Ladant, Jean-Baptiste, Morozova, Polina, Niezgodzki, Igor, Steinig, Sebastian, Zhang, Zhongshi, Zhu, Jiang, Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Anagnostou, Eleni, de Boer, Agatha M., Coxall, Helen K., Donnadieu, Yannick, Foster, Gavin, Inglis, Gordon N., Knorr, Gregor, Langebroek, Petra M., Lear, Caroline H. https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/view/cardiffauthors/A048848V.html orcid:0000-0002-7533-4430 orcid:0000-0002-7533-4430, Lohmann, Gerrit, Poulsen, Christopher J., Sepulchre, Pierre, Tierney, Jessica E., Valdes, Paul J., Jones, Tom Dunkley, Hollis, Christopher J., Huber, Matthew and Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. 2021. DeepMIP: model intercomparison of early eocene climatic optimum (EECO) large-scale climate features and comparison with proxy data. Climate of the Past 17 , pp. 203-237. 10.5194/cp-17-203-2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-203-2021 file https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/136811/4/cp-17-203-2021.pdf doi:10.5194/cp-17-203-2021 |
op_rights |
cc_by |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-203-2021 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
203 |
op_container_end_page |
227 |
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1785544305895538688 |
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ftunivcardiff:oai:https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk:136811 2023-12-17T10:22:11+01:00 DeepMIP: model intercomparison of early eocene climatic optimum (EECO) large-scale climate features and comparison with proxy data Lunt, Daniel J. Bragg, Fran Chan, Wing-Le Hutchinson, David K. Ladant, Jean-Baptiste Morozova, Polina Niezgodzki, Igor Steinig, Sebastian Zhang, Zhongshi Zhu, Jiang Abe-Ouchi, Ayako Anagnostou, Eleni de Boer, Agatha M. Coxall, Helen K. Donnadieu, Yannick Foster, Gavin Inglis, Gordon N. Knorr, Gregor Langebroek, Petra M. Lear, Caroline H. Lohmann, Gerrit Poulsen, Christopher J. Sepulchre, Pierre Tierney, Jessica E. Valdes, Paul J. Jones, Tom Dunkley Hollis, Christopher J. Huber, Matthew Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. 2021-01-15 application/pdf https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/136811/ https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-203-2021 https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/136811/4/cp-17-203-2021.pdf en eng European Geosciences Union (EGU) / Copernicus Publications https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/136811/4/cp-17-203-2021.pdf Lunt, Daniel J., Bragg, Fran, Chan, Wing-Le, Hutchinson, David K., Ladant, Jean-Baptiste, Morozova, Polina, Niezgodzki, Igor, Steinig, Sebastian, Zhang, Zhongshi, Zhu, Jiang, Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Anagnostou, Eleni, de Boer, Agatha M., Coxall, Helen K., Donnadieu, Yannick, Foster, Gavin, Inglis, Gordon N., Knorr, Gregor, Langebroek, Petra M., Lear, Caroline H. https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/view/cardiffauthors/A048848V.html orcid:0000-0002-7533-4430 orcid:0000-0002-7533-4430, Lohmann, Gerrit, Poulsen, Christopher J., Sepulchre, Pierre, Tierney, Jessica E., Valdes, Paul J., Jones, Tom Dunkley, Hollis, Christopher J., Huber, Matthew and Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. 2021. DeepMIP: model intercomparison of early eocene climatic optimum (EECO) large-scale climate features and comparison with proxy data. Climate of the Past 17 , pp. 203-237. 10.5194/cp-17-203-2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-203-2021 file https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/136811/4/cp-17-203-2021.pdf doi:10.5194/cp-17-203-2021 cc_by Article PeerReviewed 2021 ftunivcardiff https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-203-2021 2023-11-23T23:34:08Z We present results from an ensemble of eight climate models, each of which has carried out simulations of the early Eocene climate optimum (EECO, ∼ 50 million years ago). These simulations have been carried out in the framework of the Deep-Time Model Intercomparison Project (DeepMIP; http://www.deepmip.org, last access: 10 January 2021); thus, all models have been configured with the same paleogeographic and vegetation boundary conditions. The results indicate that these non-CO2 boundary conditions contribute between 3 and 5 ∘C to Eocene warmth. Compared with results from previous studies, the DeepMIP simulations generally show a reduced spread of the global mean surface temperature response across the ensemble for a given atmospheric CO2 concentration as well as an increased climate sensitivity on average. An energy balance analysis of the model ensemble indicates that global mean warming in the Eocene compared with the preindustrial period mostly arises from decreases in emissivity due to the elevated CO2 concentration (and associated water vapour and long-wave cloud feedbacks), whereas the reduction in the Eocene in terms of the meridional temperature gradient is primarily due to emissivity and albedo changes owing to the non-CO2 boundary conditions (i.e. the removal of the Antarctic ice sheet and changes in vegetation). Three of the models (the Community Earth System Model, CESM; the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, GFDL, model; and the Norwegian Earth System Model, NorESM) show results that are consistent with the proxies in terms of the global mean temperature, meridional SST gradient, and CO2, without prescribing changes to model parameters. In addition, many of the models agree well with the first-order spatial patterns in the SST proxies. However, at a more regional scale, the models lack skill. In particular, the modelled anomalies are substantially lower than those indicated by the proxies in the southwest Pacific; here, modelled continental surface air temperature anomalies are more consistent ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet Cardiff University: ORCA (Online Research @ Cardiff) Antarctic The Antarctic Pacific Climate of the Past 17 1 203 227 |