Subtropical Arctic Ocean temperatures during the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum
The Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum, ~55 million years ago, was a brief period of widespread, extreme climatic warming1, 2, 3, that was associated with massive atmospheric greenhouse gas input4. Although aspects of the resulting environmental changes are well documented at low latitudes, no data w...
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Online Access: | https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/10755/ https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04668 |
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ftunivcardiff:oai:https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk:10755 2023-05-15T13:11:09+02:00 Subtropical Arctic Ocean temperatures during the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum Sluijs, Appy Schouten, Stefan Pagani, Mark Woltering, Martijn Brinkhuis, Henk Damsté, Jaap S. Sinninghe Dickens, Gerald R. Huber, Matthew Reichart, Gert-Jan Stein, Ruediger Matthiessen, Jens Lourens, Lucas J. Pedentchouk, Nikolai Backman, Jan Moran, Kathryn Clemens, Steve Cronin, Thomas Eynaud, Frédérique Gattacceca, Jérôme Jakobsson, Martin Jordan, Ric Kaminski, Michael King, John Koc, Nalân Martinez, Nahysa C. McInroy, David Moore, Jr, Theodore C. O'Regan, Matthew Onodera, Jonaotaro Pälike, Heiko Rea, Brice Rio, Domenico Sakamoto, Tatsuhiko Smith, David C. St John, Kristen E. K. Suto, Itsuki Suzuki, Noritoshi Takahashi, Kozo Watanabe, Mahito Yamamoto, Masanobu 2006 https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/10755/ https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04668 unknown NPG Sluijs, Appy, Schouten, Stefan, Pagani, Mark, Woltering, Martijn, Brinkhuis, Henk, Damsté, Jaap S. Sinninghe, Dickens, Gerald R., Huber, Matthew, Reichart, Gert-Jan, Stein, Ruediger, Matthiessen, Jens, Lourens, Lucas J., Pedentchouk, Nikolai, Backman, Jan, Moran, Kathryn, Clemens, Steve, Cronin, Thomas, Eynaud, Frédérique, Gattacceca, Jérôme, Jakobsson, Martin, Jordan, Ric, Kaminski, Michael, King, John, Koc, Nalân, Martinez, Nahysa C., McInroy, David, Moore, Jr, Theodore C., O'Regan, Matthew, Onodera, Jonaotaro, Pälike, Heiko, Rea, Brice, Rio, Domenico, Sakamoto, Tatsuhiko, Smith, David C., St John, Kristen E. K., Suto, Itsuki, Suzuki, Noritoshi, Takahashi, Kozo, Watanabe, Mahito and Yamamoto, Masanobu 2006. Subtropical Arctic Ocean temperatures during the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum. Nature 441 (7093) , pp. 610-613. 10.1038/nature04668 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04668 doi:10.1038/nature04668 GC Oceanography QE Geology Article PeerReviewed 2006 ftunivcardiff https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04668 2022-09-25T20:17:42Z The Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum, ~55 million years ago, was a brief period of widespread, extreme climatic warming1, 2, 3, that was associated with massive atmospheric greenhouse gas input4. Although aspects of the resulting environmental changes are well documented at low latitudes, no data were available to quantify simultaneous changes in the Arctic region. Here we identify the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum in a marine sedimentary sequence obtained during the Arctic Coring Expedition5. We show that sea surface temperatures near the North Pole increased from ~18 °C to over 23 °C during this event. Such warm values imply the absence of ice and thus exclude the influence of ice-albedo feedbacks on this Arctic warming. At the same time, sea level rose while anoxic and euxinic conditions developed in the ocean's bottom waters and photic zone, respectively. Increasing temperature and sea level match expectations based on palaeoclimate model simulations6, but the absolute polar temperatures that we derive before, during and after the event are more than 10 °C warmer than those model-predicted. This suggests that higher-than-modern greenhouse gas concentrations must have operated in conjunction with other feedback mechanisms—perhaps polar stratospheric clouds7 or hurricane-induced ocean mixing8—to amplify early Palaeogene polar temperatures. Article in Journal/Newspaper albedo Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean North Pole Cardiff University: ORCA (Online Research @ Cardiff) Arctic Arctic Ocean North Pole Nature 441 7093 610 613 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Cardiff University: ORCA (Online Research @ Cardiff) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivcardiff |
language |
unknown |
topic |
GC Oceanography QE Geology |
spellingShingle |
GC Oceanography QE Geology Sluijs, Appy Schouten, Stefan Pagani, Mark Woltering, Martijn Brinkhuis, Henk Damsté, Jaap S. Sinninghe Dickens, Gerald R. Huber, Matthew Reichart, Gert-Jan Stein, Ruediger Matthiessen, Jens Lourens, Lucas J. Pedentchouk, Nikolai Backman, Jan Moran, Kathryn Clemens, Steve Cronin, Thomas Eynaud, Frédérique Gattacceca, Jérôme Jakobsson, Martin Jordan, Ric Kaminski, Michael King, John Koc, Nalân Martinez, Nahysa C. McInroy, David Moore, Jr, Theodore C. O'Regan, Matthew Onodera, Jonaotaro Pälike, Heiko Rea, Brice Rio, Domenico Sakamoto, Tatsuhiko Smith, David C. St John, Kristen E. K. Suto, Itsuki Suzuki, Noritoshi Takahashi, Kozo Watanabe, Mahito Yamamoto, Masanobu Subtropical Arctic Ocean temperatures during the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum |
topic_facet |
GC Oceanography QE Geology |
description |
The Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum, ~55 million years ago, was a brief period of widespread, extreme climatic warming1, 2, 3, that was associated with massive atmospheric greenhouse gas input4. Although aspects of the resulting environmental changes are well documented at low latitudes, no data were available to quantify simultaneous changes in the Arctic region. Here we identify the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum in a marine sedimentary sequence obtained during the Arctic Coring Expedition5. We show that sea surface temperatures near the North Pole increased from ~18 °C to over 23 °C during this event. Such warm values imply the absence of ice and thus exclude the influence of ice-albedo feedbacks on this Arctic warming. At the same time, sea level rose while anoxic and euxinic conditions developed in the ocean's bottom waters and photic zone, respectively. Increasing temperature and sea level match expectations based on palaeoclimate model simulations6, but the absolute polar temperatures that we derive before, during and after the event are more than 10 °C warmer than those model-predicted. This suggests that higher-than-modern greenhouse gas concentrations must have operated in conjunction with other feedback mechanisms—perhaps polar stratospheric clouds7 or hurricane-induced ocean mixing8—to amplify early Palaeogene polar temperatures. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sluijs, Appy Schouten, Stefan Pagani, Mark Woltering, Martijn Brinkhuis, Henk Damsté, Jaap S. Sinninghe Dickens, Gerald R. Huber, Matthew Reichart, Gert-Jan Stein, Ruediger Matthiessen, Jens Lourens, Lucas J. Pedentchouk, Nikolai Backman, Jan Moran, Kathryn Clemens, Steve Cronin, Thomas Eynaud, Frédérique Gattacceca, Jérôme Jakobsson, Martin Jordan, Ric Kaminski, Michael King, John Koc, Nalân Martinez, Nahysa C. McInroy, David Moore, Jr, Theodore C. O'Regan, Matthew Onodera, Jonaotaro Pälike, Heiko Rea, Brice Rio, Domenico Sakamoto, Tatsuhiko Smith, David C. St John, Kristen E. K. Suto, Itsuki Suzuki, Noritoshi Takahashi, Kozo Watanabe, Mahito Yamamoto, Masanobu |
author_facet |
Sluijs, Appy Schouten, Stefan Pagani, Mark Woltering, Martijn Brinkhuis, Henk Damsté, Jaap S. Sinninghe Dickens, Gerald R. Huber, Matthew Reichart, Gert-Jan Stein, Ruediger Matthiessen, Jens Lourens, Lucas J. Pedentchouk, Nikolai Backman, Jan Moran, Kathryn Clemens, Steve Cronin, Thomas Eynaud, Frédérique Gattacceca, Jérôme Jakobsson, Martin Jordan, Ric Kaminski, Michael King, John Koc, Nalân Martinez, Nahysa C. McInroy, David Moore, Jr, Theodore C. O'Regan, Matthew Onodera, Jonaotaro Pälike, Heiko Rea, Brice Rio, Domenico Sakamoto, Tatsuhiko Smith, David C. St John, Kristen E. K. Suto, Itsuki Suzuki, Noritoshi Takahashi, Kozo Watanabe, Mahito Yamamoto, Masanobu |
author_sort |
Sluijs, Appy |
title |
Subtropical Arctic Ocean temperatures during the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum |
title_short |
Subtropical Arctic Ocean temperatures during the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum |
title_full |
Subtropical Arctic Ocean temperatures during the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum |
title_fullStr |
Subtropical Arctic Ocean temperatures during the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum |
title_full_unstemmed |
Subtropical Arctic Ocean temperatures during the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum |
title_sort |
subtropical arctic ocean temperatures during the palaeocene/eocene thermal maximum |
publisher |
NPG |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/10755/ https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04668 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean North Pole |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean North Pole |
genre |
albedo Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean North Pole |
genre_facet |
albedo Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean North Pole |
op_relation |
Sluijs, Appy, Schouten, Stefan, Pagani, Mark, Woltering, Martijn, Brinkhuis, Henk, Damsté, Jaap S. Sinninghe, Dickens, Gerald R., Huber, Matthew, Reichart, Gert-Jan, Stein, Ruediger, Matthiessen, Jens, Lourens, Lucas J., Pedentchouk, Nikolai, Backman, Jan, Moran, Kathryn, Clemens, Steve, Cronin, Thomas, Eynaud, Frédérique, Gattacceca, Jérôme, Jakobsson, Martin, Jordan, Ric, Kaminski, Michael, King, John, Koc, Nalân, Martinez, Nahysa C., McInroy, David, Moore, Jr, Theodore C., O'Regan, Matthew, Onodera, Jonaotaro, Pälike, Heiko, Rea, Brice, Rio, Domenico, Sakamoto, Tatsuhiko, Smith, David C., St John, Kristen E. K., Suto, Itsuki, Suzuki, Noritoshi, Takahashi, Kozo, Watanabe, Mahito and Yamamoto, Masanobu 2006. Subtropical Arctic Ocean temperatures during the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum. Nature 441 (7093) , pp. 610-613. 10.1038/nature04668 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04668 doi:10.1038/nature04668 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04668 |
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Nature |
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441 |
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7093 |
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610 |
op_container_end_page |
613 |
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1766246152810790912 |