Video-based measurements of the entrainment, speed and mass flux in a wind-blown eruption column at Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland
On May 4 2010 a wind-blown ash plume issued from Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland. Analysis of a 17-minute long video recording of the eruption suggests that within $2-2.5$ km of the vent, the flow was moving with the wind and rising under buoyancy, following a trajectory directly analogous with...
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ftunivcam:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/365345 2024-05-19T07:39:57+00:00 Video-based measurements of the entrainment, speed and mass flux in a wind-blown eruption column at Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland Mingotti, Nicola Woods, Andrew 2024-03-08T00:30:36Z application/pdf https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/365345 https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.106691 eng eng Nature Portfolio Department of Earth Sciences Communications Earth and Environment https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/365345 https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.106691 Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Article 2024 ftunivcam https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.106691 2024-05-01T23:31:17Z On May 4 2010 a wind-blown ash plume issued from Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland. Analysis of a 17-minute long video recording of the eruption suggests that within $2-2.5$ km of the vent, the flow was moving with the wind and rising under buoyancy, following a trajectory directly analogous with laboratory experiments of turbulent buoyant plumes in a cross-flow. The visible radius of the time-averaged ash cloud grew with height $z$ at a rate $r=0.48 z$, corresponding to an entrainment coefficient of $0.4$, again consistent with laboratory experiments. By analysing the frames in the video and comparing the shape of the plume to that predicted by the model, we estimate that during the 17 minutes recorded, the eruption rate gradually decreased by about 43$\%$ from an initial eruption rate of $1.11\times 10^4$ kg/s to $0.63\times 10^4$ kg/s. The analysis reported herein opens the way to assess eruption rates and eruption column processes from video recordings during explosive volcanic eruptions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Eyjafjallajökull Iceland Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository |
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Open Polar |
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Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository |
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ftunivcam |
language |
English |
description |
On May 4 2010 a wind-blown ash plume issued from Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland. Analysis of a 17-minute long video recording of the eruption suggests that within $2-2.5$ km of the vent, the flow was moving with the wind and rising under buoyancy, following a trajectory directly analogous with laboratory experiments of turbulent buoyant plumes in a cross-flow. The visible radius of the time-averaged ash cloud grew with height $z$ at a rate $r=0.48 z$, corresponding to an entrainment coefficient of $0.4$, again consistent with laboratory experiments. By analysing the frames in the video and comparing the shape of the plume to that predicted by the model, we estimate that during the 17 minutes recorded, the eruption rate gradually decreased by about 43$\%$ from an initial eruption rate of $1.11\times 10^4$ kg/s to $0.63\times 10^4$ kg/s. The analysis reported herein opens the way to assess eruption rates and eruption column processes from video recordings during explosive volcanic eruptions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mingotti, Nicola Woods, Andrew |
spellingShingle |
Mingotti, Nicola Woods, Andrew Video-based measurements of the entrainment, speed and mass flux in a wind-blown eruption column at Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland |
author_facet |
Mingotti, Nicola Woods, Andrew |
author_sort |
Mingotti, Nicola |
title |
Video-based measurements of the entrainment, speed and mass flux in a wind-blown eruption column at Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland |
title_short |
Video-based measurements of the entrainment, speed and mass flux in a wind-blown eruption column at Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland |
title_full |
Video-based measurements of the entrainment, speed and mass flux in a wind-blown eruption column at Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Video-based measurements of the entrainment, speed and mass flux in a wind-blown eruption column at Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Video-based measurements of the entrainment, speed and mass flux in a wind-blown eruption column at Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland |
title_sort |
video-based measurements of the entrainment, speed and mass flux in a wind-blown eruption column at eyjafjallajökull volcano, iceland |
publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/365345 https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.106691 |
genre |
Eyjafjallajökull Iceland |
genre_facet |
Eyjafjallajökull Iceland |
op_relation |
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/365345 https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.106691 |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.106691 |
_version_ |
1799479539078791168 |