Thermal modeling of the respiratory turbinates in arctic and subtropical seals.
Mammals possess complex structures in their nasal cavities known as respiratory turbinate bones, which help the animal to conserve body heat and water during respiratory gas exchange. We considered the function of the maxilloturbinates of two species of seals, one arctic (Erignathus barbatus), one s...
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ftunivcam:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/343617 2024-01-14T10:03:49+01:00 Thermal modeling of the respiratory turbinates in arctic and subtropical seals. Flekkøy, Eirik G Folkow, Lars P Kjelstrup, Signe Mason, Matthew J Wilhelmsen, Øivind 2022-11-23T13:01:32Z application/octet-stream https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/343617 https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.91043 eng eng Elsevier BV Department of Physiology, Development And Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103402 J Therm Biol https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/343617 doi:10.17863/CAM.91043 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Arctic seal Body heat conservation Homeotherm Respiratory turbinate Thermoregulation Water conservation Animals Turbinates Seals Earless Nasal Cavity Temperature Water Arctic Regions Article 2022 ftunivcam https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.91043 2023-12-21T23:29:48Z Mammals possess complex structures in their nasal cavities known as respiratory turbinate bones, which help the animal to conserve body heat and water during respiratory gas exchange. We considered the function of the maxilloturbinates of two species of seals, one arctic (Erignathus barbatus), one subtropical (Monachus monachus). By means of a thermo-hydrodynamic model that describes the heat and water exchange in the turbinate region we are able to reproduce the measured values of expired air temperatures in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus), a species for which experimental data are available. At the lowest environmental temperatures, however, this is only possible in the arctic seal, and only if we allow for the possibility of ice forming on the outermost turbinate region. At the same time the model predicts that for the arctic seals, the inhaled air is brought to deep body temperature and humidity conditions in passing the maxilloturbinates. The modeling shows that heat and water conservation go together in the sense that one effect implies the other, and that the conservation is most efficient and most flexible in the typical environment of both species. By controlling the blood flow through the turbinates the arctic seal is able to vary the heat and water conservation substantially at its average habitat temperatures, but not at temperatures around -40 °C. The subtropical species has simpler maxilloturbinates, and our model predicts that it is unable to bring inhaled air to deep body conditions, even in its natural environment, without some congestion of the vascular mucosa covering the maxilloturbinates. Physiological control of both blood flow rate and mucosal congestion is expected to have profound effects on the heat exchange function of the maxilloturbinates in seals. EGF, SK and ØW are thanking the Research Council of Norway through its Centre of Excellence Funding Scheme, PoreLab, project number 262644. We thank Arnoldus Blix, Øyvind Hammer and Léa Wenger for the use of the CT scan data which they ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Erignathus barbatus Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository Arctic Norway |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivcam |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic seal Body heat conservation Homeotherm Respiratory turbinate Thermoregulation Water conservation Animals Turbinates Seals Earless Nasal Cavity Temperature Water Arctic Regions |
spellingShingle |
Arctic seal Body heat conservation Homeotherm Respiratory turbinate Thermoregulation Water conservation Animals Turbinates Seals Earless Nasal Cavity Temperature Water Arctic Regions Flekkøy, Eirik G Folkow, Lars P Kjelstrup, Signe Mason, Matthew J Wilhelmsen, Øivind Thermal modeling of the respiratory turbinates in arctic and subtropical seals. |
topic_facet |
Arctic seal Body heat conservation Homeotherm Respiratory turbinate Thermoregulation Water conservation Animals Turbinates Seals Earless Nasal Cavity Temperature Water Arctic Regions |
description |
Mammals possess complex structures in their nasal cavities known as respiratory turbinate bones, which help the animal to conserve body heat and water during respiratory gas exchange. We considered the function of the maxilloturbinates of two species of seals, one arctic (Erignathus barbatus), one subtropical (Monachus monachus). By means of a thermo-hydrodynamic model that describes the heat and water exchange in the turbinate region we are able to reproduce the measured values of expired air temperatures in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus), a species for which experimental data are available. At the lowest environmental temperatures, however, this is only possible in the arctic seal, and only if we allow for the possibility of ice forming on the outermost turbinate region. At the same time the model predicts that for the arctic seals, the inhaled air is brought to deep body temperature and humidity conditions in passing the maxilloturbinates. The modeling shows that heat and water conservation go together in the sense that one effect implies the other, and that the conservation is most efficient and most flexible in the typical environment of both species. By controlling the blood flow through the turbinates the arctic seal is able to vary the heat and water conservation substantially at its average habitat temperatures, but not at temperatures around -40 °C. The subtropical species has simpler maxilloturbinates, and our model predicts that it is unable to bring inhaled air to deep body conditions, even in its natural environment, without some congestion of the vascular mucosa covering the maxilloturbinates. Physiological control of both blood flow rate and mucosal congestion is expected to have profound effects on the heat exchange function of the maxilloturbinates in seals. EGF, SK and ØW are thanking the Research Council of Norway through its Centre of Excellence Funding Scheme, PoreLab, project number 262644. We thank Arnoldus Blix, Øyvind Hammer and Léa Wenger for the use of the CT scan data which they ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Flekkøy, Eirik G Folkow, Lars P Kjelstrup, Signe Mason, Matthew J Wilhelmsen, Øivind |
author_facet |
Flekkøy, Eirik G Folkow, Lars P Kjelstrup, Signe Mason, Matthew J Wilhelmsen, Øivind |
author_sort |
Flekkøy, Eirik G |
title |
Thermal modeling of the respiratory turbinates in arctic and subtropical seals. |
title_short |
Thermal modeling of the respiratory turbinates in arctic and subtropical seals. |
title_full |
Thermal modeling of the respiratory turbinates in arctic and subtropical seals. |
title_fullStr |
Thermal modeling of the respiratory turbinates in arctic and subtropical seals. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Thermal modeling of the respiratory turbinates in arctic and subtropical seals. |
title_sort |
thermal modeling of the respiratory turbinates in arctic and subtropical seals. |
publisher |
Elsevier BV |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/343617 https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.91043 |
geographic |
Arctic Norway |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norway |
genre |
Arctic Erignathus barbatus |
genre_facet |
Arctic Erignathus barbatus |
op_relation |
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/343617 doi:10.17863/CAM.91043 |
op_rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.91043 |
_version_ |
1788058501167185920 |