Transient degassing events at the lava lake of Erebus volcano, Antarctica: Chemistry and mechanisms
We report here on the chemical signature of degassing at Erebus lava lake associated with intermittent explosions and the return to passive conditions. Explosions caused by bubble bursts were frequent during the 2013 field season, providing the first opportunity to observe such activity since 2005-2...
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ftunivcam:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/248312 2024-02-04T09:54:17+01:00 Transient degassing events at the lava lake of Erebus volcano, Antarctica: Chemistry and mechanisms Ilanko, T Oppenheimer, C Burgisser, A Kyle, P 2015-09 application/pdf https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/248312 English eng eng Elsevier BV http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.grj.2015.05.001 GeoResJ https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/248312 Attribution 2.0 UK: England & Wales Creative Commons Attribution License 2.0 UK http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/uk/ Strombolian eruptions lava lake Erebus volcano degassing FTIR spectroscopy Article 2015 ftunivcam 2024-01-11T23:24:46Z We report here on the chemical signature of degassing at Erebus lava lake associated with intermittent explosions and the return to passive conditions. Explosions caused by bubble bursts were frequent during the 2013 field season, providing the first opportunity to observe such activity since 2005-2006. Several of the explosions were captured by multiple instruments including an open-path Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Explosive bubble bursts and other transient degassing events are associated with gas compositions that are distinct from the usual range of passive degassing compositions. We set out to compare the chemical signature of explosive degassing during the 2005-06 and 2013 episodes, and to characterise the chemistry of gases emitted during the period of lake refilling after explosions. We found little change in the explosive gas chemistry between 2005-06 and 2013, suggesting reactivation of a common mechanism of gas segregation. Bubbles can be distinguished by their size and composition, the ranges of which are likely modified during ascent by gas-melt interaction and adiabatic expansion. The proportions of water, SO2, and HCl in the emitted gas plume increase during the refill of the lake after explosions, as the lake is recharged by a combination of magma that has already partially degassed, and that vesiculates rapidly in response to the drop in magmastatic pressure at the lake. TI acknowledges doctoral grants from the AXA Research Fund and the William Georgetti trust. Fieldwork was carried out with the support of the G-081 Erebus team and the US Antarctic Program, funded by NSF grant ANT1142083. The original FTIR retrieval code was written by Mike Burton with modifications made by Georgina Sawyer. Thermal IR images and lake velocity data were supplied by Nial Peters. Support was also received from grant 202844 from the European Research Council under the European FP7 and the NERC Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics (COMET), part of the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository Antarctic Burton ENVELOPE(166.733,166.733,-72.550,-72.550) Lava Lake ENVELOPE(-128.996,-128.996,55.046,55.046) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivcam |
language |
English |
topic |
Strombolian eruptions lava lake Erebus volcano degassing FTIR spectroscopy |
spellingShingle |
Strombolian eruptions lava lake Erebus volcano degassing FTIR spectroscopy Ilanko, T Oppenheimer, C Burgisser, A Kyle, P Transient degassing events at the lava lake of Erebus volcano, Antarctica: Chemistry and mechanisms |
topic_facet |
Strombolian eruptions lava lake Erebus volcano degassing FTIR spectroscopy |
description |
We report here on the chemical signature of degassing at Erebus lava lake associated with intermittent explosions and the return to passive conditions. Explosions caused by bubble bursts were frequent during the 2013 field season, providing the first opportunity to observe such activity since 2005-2006. Several of the explosions were captured by multiple instruments including an open-path Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Explosive bubble bursts and other transient degassing events are associated with gas compositions that are distinct from the usual range of passive degassing compositions. We set out to compare the chemical signature of explosive degassing during the 2005-06 and 2013 episodes, and to characterise the chemistry of gases emitted during the period of lake refilling after explosions. We found little change in the explosive gas chemistry between 2005-06 and 2013, suggesting reactivation of a common mechanism of gas segregation. Bubbles can be distinguished by their size and composition, the ranges of which are likely modified during ascent by gas-melt interaction and adiabatic expansion. The proportions of water, SO2, and HCl in the emitted gas plume increase during the refill of the lake after explosions, as the lake is recharged by a combination of magma that has already partially degassed, and that vesiculates rapidly in response to the drop in magmastatic pressure at the lake. TI acknowledges doctoral grants from the AXA Research Fund and the William Georgetti trust. Fieldwork was carried out with the support of the G-081 Erebus team and the US Antarctic Program, funded by NSF grant ANT1142083. The original FTIR retrieval code was written by Mike Burton with modifications made by Georgina Sawyer. Thermal IR images and lake velocity data were supplied by Nial Peters. Support was also received from grant 202844 from the European Research Council under the European FP7 and the NERC Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics (COMET), part of the ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ilanko, T Oppenheimer, C Burgisser, A Kyle, P |
author_facet |
Ilanko, T Oppenheimer, C Burgisser, A Kyle, P |
author_sort |
Ilanko, T |
title |
Transient degassing events at the lava lake of Erebus volcano, Antarctica: Chemistry and mechanisms |
title_short |
Transient degassing events at the lava lake of Erebus volcano, Antarctica: Chemistry and mechanisms |
title_full |
Transient degassing events at the lava lake of Erebus volcano, Antarctica: Chemistry and mechanisms |
title_fullStr |
Transient degassing events at the lava lake of Erebus volcano, Antarctica: Chemistry and mechanisms |
title_full_unstemmed |
Transient degassing events at the lava lake of Erebus volcano, Antarctica: Chemistry and mechanisms |
title_sort |
transient degassing events at the lava lake of erebus volcano, antarctica: chemistry and mechanisms |
publisher |
Elsevier BV |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/248312 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(166.733,166.733,-72.550,-72.550) ENVELOPE(-128.996,-128.996,55.046,55.046) |
geographic |
Antarctic Burton Lava Lake |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Burton Lava Lake |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
op_relation |
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/248312 |
op_rights |
Attribution 2.0 UK: England & Wales Creative Commons Attribution License 2.0 UK http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/uk/ |
_version_ |
1789972412578660352 |