Climate-Change Induced Permafrost Degradation in Yakutia, East Siberia
Current climate change in the northern regions is a well-recognized phenomenon. In central Yakutia (the Sakha Republic), the long-term trend displays a consistent mean annual air temperature (MAAT) increase from −9.6˚C (1980) to −6.7˚C (2019), corresponding to an average 0.07˚C annual rise, with pro...
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2020
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ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/71674 2023-05-15T14:19:02+02:00 Climate-Change Induced Permafrost Degradation in Yakutia, East Siberia Czerniawska, Jolanta Chlachula, Jiri 2020-12-27 application/pdf https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/71674 eng eng The Arctic Institute of North America https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/71674/54596 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/71674 Copyright (c) 2020 ARCTIC ARCTIC; Vol. 73 No. 4 (2020): December: 405-550; 509-528 1923-1245 0004-0843 Yakutia meteorology records warming permafrost thermokarst lakes alases hydrology geo-environmental risks regional development Yakoutie relevés météorologiques réchauffement pergélisol lacs thermokarstiques alas hydrologie risques géoenvironnementaux développement régional info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 2020 ftunivcalgaryojs 2022-07-03T17:30:01Z Current climate change in the northern regions is a well-recognized phenomenon. In central Yakutia (the Sakha Republic), the long-term trend displays a consistent mean annual air temperature (MAAT) increase from −9.6˚C (1980) to −6.7˚C (2019), corresponding to an average 0.07˚C annual rise, with pronounced temperature anomalies in the last decade. The analyzed meteorological records of the past 40 years indicate a progressing climate change pattern of increased MAAT and mean annual precipitation (MAP) that occurs in 5 – 7 yr cycles. The complex interactions of regional climatic variations with local geological and environmental conditions influence the frozen ground’s thermal balance, which, in turn, impacts thermokarst development. Co-acting factors of temperature rise and higher precipitation rates activate thermokarst lake dynamics and lake expansion following snow- and rainfall-rich preceding years. April experiences the greatest warming trend with a present (2020) 5˚C rise from 1980 with shortening of the winter season. Climate warming together with natural forest fires and anthropogenic activities (pastoral practices and logging) contribute to the taiga landscape opening due to reduced albedo and the greater exposure to solar radiation. The regional hydrologic network undergoes restructuring caused by drained meltwater released from the degraded cryolithozone with peaks of the fluvial discharge in late spring and early summer generating bank erosion. The negative effects of the progressing ground thaw, which are particularly observed in lowland locations, pose risks to local settlements and generate major environmental and engineering problems in the formerly permafrost-stable central and northern areas of Siberia. Le changement climatique actuel dans les régions du nord est un phénomène bien connu. Dans le centre de la Yakoutie (République de Sakha), la tendance à long terme affiche une augmentation annuelle moyenne constante de la température de l’air (MAAT) de – 9,6 ˚C (1980) à – 6,7 ˚C (2019), ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic permafrost République de Sakha Sakha Sakha Republic taiga Thermokarst Yakutia pergélisol Siberia University of Calgary Journal Hosting Sakha ARCTIC 73 4 509 528 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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University of Calgary Journal Hosting |
op_collection_id |
ftunivcalgaryojs |
language |
English |
topic |
Yakutia meteorology records warming permafrost thermokarst lakes alases hydrology geo-environmental risks regional development Yakoutie relevés météorologiques réchauffement pergélisol lacs thermokarstiques alas hydrologie risques géoenvironnementaux développement régional |
spellingShingle |
Yakutia meteorology records warming permafrost thermokarst lakes alases hydrology geo-environmental risks regional development Yakoutie relevés météorologiques réchauffement pergélisol lacs thermokarstiques alas hydrologie risques géoenvironnementaux développement régional Czerniawska, Jolanta Chlachula, Jiri Climate-Change Induced Permafrost Degradation in Yakutia, East Siberia |
topic_facet |
Yakutia meteorology records warming permafrost thermokarst lakes alases hydrology geo-environmental risks regional development Yakoutie relevés météorologiques réchauffement pergélisol lacs thermokarstiques alas hydrologie risques géoenvironnementaux développement régional |
description |
Current climate change in the northern regions is a well-recognized phenomenon. In central Yakutia (the Sakha Republic), the long-term trend displays a consistent mean annual air temperature (MAAT) increase from −9.6˚C (1980) to −6.7˚C (2019), corresponding to an average 0.07˚C annual rise, with pronounced temperature anomalies in the last decade. The analyzed meteorological records of the past 40 years indicate a progressing climate change pattern of increased MAAT and mean annual precipitation (MAP) that occurs in 5 – 7 yr cycles. The complex interactions of regional climatic variations with local geological and environmental conditions influence the frozen ground’s thermal balance, which, in turn, impacts thermokarst development. Co-acting factors of temperature rise and higher precipitation rates activate thermokarst lake dynamics and lake expansion following snow- and rainfall-rich preceding years. April experiences the greatest warming trend with a present (2020) 5˚C rise from 1980 with shortening of the winter season. Climate warming together with natural forest fires and anthropogenic activities (pastoral practices and logging) contribute to the taiga landscape opening due to reduced albedo and the greater exposure to solar radiation. The regional hydrologic network undergoes restructuring caused by drained meltwater released from the degraded cryolithozone with peaks of the fluvial discharge in late spring and early summer generating bank erosion. The negative effects of the progressing ground thaw, which are particularly observed in lowland locations, pose risks to local settlements and generate major environmental and engineering problems in the formerly permafrost-stable central and northern areas of Siberia. Le changement climatique actuel dans les régions du nord est un phénomène bien connu. Dans le centre de la Yakoutie (République de Sakha), la tendance à long terme affiche une augmentation annuelle moyenne constante de la température de l’air (MAAT) de – 9,6 ˚C (1980) à – 6,7 ˚C (2019), ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Czerniawska, Jolanta Chlachula, Jiri |
author_facet |
Czerniawska, Jolanta Chlachula, Jiri |
author_sort |
Czerniawska, Jolanta |
title |
Climate-Change Induced Permafrost Degradation in Yakutia, East Siberia |
title_short |
Climate-Change Induced Permafrost Degradation in Yakutia, East Siberia |
title_full |
Climate-Change Induced Permafrost Degradation in Yakutia, East Siberia |
title_fullStr |
Climate-Change Induced Permafrost Degradation in Yakutia, East Siberia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climate-Change Induced Permafrost Degradation in Yakutia, East Siberia |
title_sort |
climate-change induced permafrost degradation in yakutia, east siberia |
publisher |
The Arctic Institute of North America |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/71674 |
geographic |
Sakha |
geographic_facet |
Sakha |
genre |
Arctic permafrost République de Sakha Sakha Sakha Republic taiga Thermokarst Yakutia pergélisol Siberia |
genre_facet |
Arctic permafrost République de Sakha Sakha Sakha Republic taiga Thermokarst Yakutia pergélisol Siberia |
op_source |
ARCTIC; Vol. 73 No. 4 (2020): December: 405-550; 509-528 1923-1245 0004-0843 |
op_relation |
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/71674/54596 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/71674 |
op_rights |
Copyright (c) 2020 ARCTIC |
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ARCTIC |
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509 |
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528 |
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