Recent Archaeological Investigations near the Native Village of Shaktoolik, Norton Sound, Alaska + Supplementary Appendix 1 (See Article Tools)

Since the early 1950s, when J.L. Giddings completed his work at Cape Denbigh, archaeological investigations in the area of Shaktoolik, Alaska, have been limited. Here we report on renewed investigations in the region that have led to the identification of 134 house features, dating from AD 1100 to t...

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Published in:ARCTIC
Main Authors: Darwent, John, Darwent, Christyann M., Eldridge, Kelly A., Miszaniec, Jason I.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: The Arctic Institute of North America 2017
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/67715
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institution Open Polar
collection University of Calgary Journal Hosting
op_collection_id ftunivcalgaryojs
language English
topic archaeology
Shaktoolik
Nukleet
Yupiit
Inupiat
house architecture
Norton Sound
archéologie
architecture d’habitation
détroit de Norton
spellingShingle archaeology
Shaktoolik
Nukleet
Yupiit
Inupiat
house architecture
Norton Sound
archéologie
architecture d’habitation
détroit de Norton
Darwent, John
Darwent, Christyann M.
Eldridge, Kelly A.
Miszaniec, Jason I.
Recent Archaeological Investigations near the Native Village of Shaktoolik, Norton Sound, Alaska + Supplementary Appendix 1 (See Article Tools)
topic_facet archaeology
Shaktoolik
Nukleet
Yupiit
Inupiat
house architecture
Norton Sound
archéologie
architecture d’habitation
détroit de Norton
description Since the early 1950s, when J.L. Giddings completed his work at Cape Denbigh, archaeological investigations in the area of Shaktoolik, Alaska, have been limited. Here we report on renewed investigations in the region that have led to the identification of 134 house features, dating from AD 1100 to the early 1900s, at a site next to the village’s airport. This period spans one of continuity from the Nukleet archaeological culture to the ethnographic Yupiit, followed by a period of upheaval related to Russian trade and a smallpox epidemic that devastated the Indigenous population of the area. Inupiat from the north migrated to Shaktoolik and have occupied the area since the mid-1800s. Sixteen test units were excavated to understand the density of site occupation, extent of organic preservation, age of the deposits, and changes in subsistence over this 800-year period. The most recent Inupiat inhabitants built houses typical of mid 19th- to early 20th-century structures described for the northern Seward Peninsula, which were square, one-room structures with a single, long entrance tunnel. This house style replaced the previous Yup’ik-style multi-roomed structures replete with a labyrinth of tunnels used for defense and escape during inter-village conflict. Depuis le début des années 1950 quand J.L. Giddings a effectué ses travaux au cap Denbigh, les fouilles archéologiques dans la région de Shaktoolik, en Alaska, n’ont pas été volumineuses. Ici, nous présentons de nouvelles fouilles effectuées dans la région, fouilles qui ont permis de cerner 134 caractéristiques appartenant à des habitations datant de 1100 A.D. jusqu’au début des années 1900, à un emplacement situé près de l’aéroport du village. Cette période témoigne d’une continuité depuis la culture archéologique des Nukleets jusqu’à l’ethnographie des Yupiits, suivies par une période tumultueuse en raison du commerce russe et d’une épidémie de variole qui a décimé la population autochtone de la région. Les Inupiats du Nord ont migré pour s’installer à Shaktoolik et occupent l’endroit depuis le milieu des années 1800. Seize sondages ont été effectués afin de comprendre la densité d’occupation du site, l’ampleur de la préservation biologique, l’âge des dépôts et les changements en matière de subsistance pendant cette période de 800 ans. Les Inupiats les plus récents ont aménagé des maisons typiques des structures du milieu du XIXe siècle au début de XXe siècle, telles que décrites pour le nord de la péninsule Seward. Ces structures étaient carrées, comportaient une seule pièce et étaient dotées d’une longue entrée en forme de tunnel simple. Ce type d’habitation a remplacé les anciennes structures de style Yup’ik munies de plusieurs pièces et d’un labyrinthe de tunnels servant à se défendre et à s’évader en cas de conflits entre les villages.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Darwent, John
Darwent, Christyann M.
Eldridge, Kelly A.
Miszaniec, Jason I.
author_facet Darwent, John
Darwent, Christyann M.
Eldridge, Kelly A.
Miszaniec, Jason I.
author_sort Darwent, John
title Recent Archaeological Investigations near the Native Village of Shaktoolik, Norton Sound, Alaska + Supplementary Appendix 1 (See Article Tools)
title_short Recent Archaeological Investigations near the Native Village of Shaktoolik, Norton Sound, Alaska + Supplementary Appendix 1 (See Article Tools)
title_full Recent Archaeological Investigations near the Native Village of Shaktoolik, Norton Sound, Alaska + Supplementary Appendix 1 (See Article Tools)
title_fullStr Recent Archaeological Investigations near the Native Village of Shaktoolik, Norton Sound, Alaska + Supplementary Appendix 1 (See Article Tools)
title_full_unstemmed Recent Archaeological Investigations near the Native Village of Shaktoolik, Norton Sound, Alaska + Supplementary Appendix 1 (See Article Tools)
title_sort recent archaeological investigations near the native village of shaktoolik, norton sound, alaska + supplementary appendix 1 (see article tools)
publisher The Arctic Institute of North America
publishDate 2017
url https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/67715
long_lat ENVELOPE(50.733,50.733,-67.400,-67.400)
ENVELOPE(160.833,160.833,-77.550,-77.550)
ENVELOPE(69.507,69.507,-49.202,-49.202)
geographic Giddings
Labyrinth
Norton Sound
geographic_facet Giddings
Labyrinth
Norton Sound
genre Arctic
Inupiat
Seward Peninsula
Yupiit
Alaska
genre_facet Arctic
Inupiat
Seward Peninsula
Yupiit
Alaska
op_source ARCTIC; Vol. 69 No. 5 (2016): Supplement 1; 1–16
1923-1245
0004-0843
op_relation https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/67715/51611
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/67715/53113
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op_rights Copyright (c) 2016 ARCTIC
container_title ARCTIC
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spelling ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/67715 2023-05-15T14:18:46+02:00 Recent Archaeological Investigations near the Native Village of Shaktoolik, Norton Sound, Alaska + Supplementary Appendix 1 (See Article Tools) Darwent, John Darwent, Christyann M. Eldridge, Kelly A. Miszaniec, Jason I. 2017-10-03 application/pdf https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/67715 eng eng The Arctic Institute of North America https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/67715/51611 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/67715/53113 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/67715 Copyright (c) 2016 ARCTIC ARCTIC; Vol. 69 No. 5 (2016): Supplement 1; 1–16 1923-1245 0004-0843 archaeology Shaktoolik Nukleet Yupiit Inupiat house architecture Norton Sound archéologie architecture d’habitation détroit de Norton info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 2017 ftunivcalgaryojs 2022-03-22T21:24:22Z Since the early 1950s, when J.L. Giddings completed his work at Cape Denbigh, archaeological investigations in the area of Shaktoolik, Alaska, have been limited. Here we report on renewed investigations in the region that have led to the identification of 134 house features, dating from AD 1100 to the early 1900s, at a site next to the village’s airport. This period spans one of continuity from the Nukleet archaeological culture to the ethnographic Yupiit, followed by a period of upheaval related to Russian trade and a smallpox epidemic that devastated the Indigenous population of the area. Inupiat from the north migrated to Shaktoolik and have occupied the area since the mid-1800s. Sixteen test units were excavated to understand the density of site occupation, extent of organic preservation, age of the deposits, and changes in subsistence over this 800-year period. The most recent Inupiat inhabitants built houses typical of mid 19th- to early 20th-century structures described for the northern Seward Peninsula, which were square, one-room structures with a single, long entrance tunnel. This house style replaced the previous Yup’ik-style multi-roomed structures replete with a labyrinth of tunnels used for defense and escape during inter-village conflict. Depuis le début des années 1950 quand J.L. Giddings a effectué ses travaux au cap Denbigh, les fouilles archéologiques dans la région de Shaktoolik, en Alaska, n’ont pas été volumineuses. Ici, nous présentons de nouvelles fouilles effectuées dans la région, fouilles qui ont permis de cerner 134 caractéristiques appartenant à des habitations datant de 1100 A.D. jusqu’au début des années 1900, à un emplacement situé près de l’aéroport du village. Cette période témoigne d’une continuité depuis la culture archéologique des Nukleets jusqu’à l’ethnographie des Yupiits, suivies par une période tumultueuse en raison du commerce russe et d’une épidémie de variole qui a décimé la population autochtone de la région. Les Inupiats du Nord ont migré pour s’installer à Shaktoolik et occupent l’endroit depuis le milieu des années 1800. Seize sondages ont été effectués afin de comprendre la densité d’occupation du site, l’ampleur de la préservation biologique, l’âge des dépôts et les changements en matière de subsistance pendant cette période de 800 ans. Les Inupiats les plus récents ont aménagé des maisons typiques des structures du milieu du XIXe siècle au début de XXe siècle, telles que décrites pour le nord de la péninsule Seward. Ces structures étaient carrées, comportaient une seule pièce et étaient dotées d’une longue entrée en forme de tunnel simple. Ce type d’habitation a remplacé les anciennes structures de style Yup’ik munies de plusieurs pièces et d’un labyrinthe de tunnels servant à se défendre et à s’évader en cas de conflits entre les villages. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Inupiat Seward Peninsula Yupiit Alaska University of Calgary Journal Hosting Giddings ENVELOPE(50.733,50.733,-67.400,-67.400) Labyrinth ENVELOPE(160.833,160.833,-77.550,-77.550) Norton Sound ENVELOPE(69.507,69.507,-49.202,-49.202) ARCTIC 69 5 1