Effects of Experimental Releases of Oil and Dispersed Oil on Arctic Nearshore Macrobenthos. I. Infauna
An experimental subsurface release of chemically dispersed oil at Cape Hatt, northern Baffin Island, resulted in short-term, relatively high oil concentrations in the waters of two adjacent bays, whereas untreated oil released onto the surface of a third bay could not be detected in the water below...
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The Arctic Institute of North America
1987
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ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64867 2023-05-15T14:19:14+02:00 Effects of Experimental Releases of Oil and Dispersed Oil on Arctic Nearshore Macrobenthos. I. Infauna Cross, William E. Thomson, Denis H. 1987-01-01 application/pdf https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64867 eng eng The Arctic Institute of North America https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64867/48781 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64867 ARCTIC; Vol. 40 No. 5 (1987): Supplement: 1–279; 184-200 1923-1245 0004-0843 Animal reproduction Benthos Bottom sediments Canada. Baffin Island Oil Spill Project Composition Environmental impacts Marine oil spills Mollusks Oil spill dispersants Biomass Hatt Cape waters Nunavut Ragged Channel info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 1987 ftunivcalgaryojs 2022-03-22T21:21:59Z An experimental subsurface release of chemically dispersed oil at Cape Hatt, northern Baffin Island, resulted in short-term, relatively high oil concentrations in the waters of two adjacent bays, whereas untreated oil released onto the surface of a third bay could not be detected in the water below a depth of 1 m. Diver observations revealed no apparent short-term effects of untreated oil on shallow water infauna, whereas marked acute effects on infauna, including emergence from the substrate and narcosis, were apparent in the dispersed oil bays within 24 h of the release. Analysis of systematic airlift samples at two depths (3 and 7 m) in the three test bays and a fourth (reference) bay during the open water seasons of 1980-83 (two pre-spill and four post-spill sampling periods) showed that most affected animals recovered. Neither type of oil release caused any large-scale mortality of benthic infauna. Multivariate analyses showed no significant change in infaunal community structure, and effects attributable to oil were found in only 3 of 72 univariate analyses of density, biomass or size data for individual taxa. A progressive decrease in the condition of the filter-feeding bivalve Serripes groenlandicus in the reference bay (several km distant from the dispersed oil release) was apparently the result of exposure to dilute dispersed oil for several days. A similar effect on condition in the surface deposit-feeding bivalve Macoma calcarea was apparently caused by relatively low oil concentrations in the sediments of the dispersed and surface oil release bays. There were no apparent effects on recruitment in bivalve species with planktonic larvae, but density changes in the polychaete Spio spp. indicated that oil in the sediments of the surface oil release and dispersed oil release bays affected reproductive processes. Effects on the condition of the bivalves and on Spio spp. were still evident two years post-spill in 1983, the last year of sampling.Key words: arctic infauna, oil effects, dispersed oil effects, experimental oil releases, Baffin Island, macrobenthos Mots clés: endofaune arctique, effets dus au pétrole, effets dus au pétrole dispersé, déversements expérimentaux de pétrole, île Baffin, macrobenthos Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctique* Baffin Island Baffin Nunavut Serripes groenlandicus University of Calgary Journal Hosting Arctic Baffin Island Canada Cape Hatt ENVELOPE(-79.832,-79.832,72.501,72.501) Nunavut ARCTIC 40 5 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Calgary Journal Hosting |
op_collection_id |
ftunivcalgaryojs |
language |
English |
topic |
Animal reproduction Benthos Bottom sediments Canada. Baffin Island Oil Spill Project Composition Environmental impacts Marine oil spills Mollusks Oil spill dispersants Biomass Hatt Cape waters Nunavut Ragged Channel |
spellingShingle |
Animal reproduction Benthos Bottom sediments Canada. Baffin Island Oil Spill Project Composition Environmental impacts Marine oil spills Mollusks Oil spill dispersants Biomass Hatt Cape waters Nunavut Ragged Channel Cross, William E. Thomson, Denis H. Effects of Experimental Releases of Oil and Dispersed Oil on Arctic Nearshore Macrobenthos. I. Infauna |
topic_facet |
Animal reproduction Benthos Bottom sediments Canada. Baffin Island Oil Spill Project Composition Environmental impacts Marine oil spills Mollusks Oil spill dispersants Biomass Hatt Cape waters Nunavut Ragged Channel |
description |
An experimental subsurface release of chemically dispersed oil at Cape Hatt, northern Baffin Island, resulted in short-term, relatively high oil concentrations in the waters of two adjacent bays, whereas untreated oil released onto the surface of a third bay could not be detected in the water below a depth of 1 m. Diver observations revealed no apparent short-term effects of untreated oil on shallow water infauna, whereas marked acute effects on infauna, including emergence from the substrate and narcosis, were apparent in the dispersed oil bays within 24 h of the release. Analysis of systematic airlift samples at two depths (3 and 7 m) in the three test bays and a fourth (reference) bay during the open water seasons of 1980-83 (two pre-spill and four post-spill sampling periods) showed that most affected animals recovered. Neither type of oil release caused any large-scale mortality of benthic infauna. Multivariate analyses showed no significant change in infaunal community structure, and effects attributable to oil were found in only 3 of 72 univariate analyses of density, biomass or size data for individual taxa. A progressive decrease in the condition of the filter-feeding bivalve Serripes groenlandicus in the reference bay (several km distant from the dispersed oil release) was apparently the result of exposure to dilute dispersed oil for several days. A similar effect on condition in the surface deposit-feeding bivalve Macoma calcarea was apparently caused by relatively low oil concentrations in the sediments of the dispersed and surface oil release bays. There were no apparent effects on recruitment in bivalve species with planktonic larvae, but density changes in the polychaete Spio spp. indicated that oil in the sediments of the surface oil release and dispersed oil release bays affected reproductive processes. Effects on the condition of the bivalves and on Spio spp. were still evident two years post-spill in 1983, the last year of sampling.Key words: arctic infauna, oil effects, dispersed oil effects, experimental oil releases, Baffin Island, macrobenthos Mots clés: endofaune arctique, effets dus au pétrole, effets dus au pétrole dispersé, déversements expérimentaux de pétrole, île Baffin, macrobenthos |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cross, William E. Thomson, Denis H. |
author_facet |
Cross, William E. Thomson, Denis H. |
author_sort |
Cross, William E. |
title |
Effects of Experimental Releases of Oil and Dispersed Oil on Arctic Nearshore Macrobenthos. I. Infauna |
title_short |
Effects of Experimental Releases of Oil and Dispersed Oil on Arctic Nearshore Macrobenthos. I. Infauna |
title_full |
Effects of Experimental Releases of Oil and Dispersed Oil on Arctic Nearshore Macrobenthos. I. Infauna |
title_fullStr |
Effects of Experimental Releases of Oil and Dispersed Oil on Arctic Nearshore Macrobenthos. I. Infauna |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of Experimental Releases of Oil and Dispersed Oil on Arctic Nearshore Macrobenthos. I. Infauna |
title_sort |
effects of experimental releases of oil and dispersed oil on arctic nearshore macrobenthos. i. infauna |
publisher |
The Arctic Institute of North America |
publishDate |
1987 |
url |
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64867 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-79.832,-79.832,72.501,72.501) |
geographic |
Arctic Baffin Island Canada Cape Hatt Nunavut |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Baffin Island Canada Cape Hatt Nunavut |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arctique* Baffin Island Baffin Nunavut Serripes groenlandicus |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arctique* Baffin Island Baffin Nunavut Serripes groenlandicus |
op_source |
ARCTIC; Vol. 40 No. 5 (1987): Supplement: 1–279; 184-200 1923-1245 0004-0843 |
op_relation |
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64867/48781 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64867 |
container_title |
ARCTIC |
container_volume |
40 |
container_issue |
5 |
_version_ |
1766290848195018752 |