Analysis of the Under-Ice Topography in the Arctic Basin as Recorded by the USS Nautilus during August 1958
The USS Nautilus (SSN-571) was the first vessel to cross the Arctic Basin via the North Pole in early August 1958. During this expedition almost continuous acoustic under-ice thickness distribution profiles were recorded. This article presents an overall statistical analysis of the under-ice draft m...
Published in: | ARCTIC |
---|---|
Main Author: | |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
The Arctic Institute of North America
1988
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64757 |
id |
ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64757 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64757 2023-05-15T14:19:13+02:00 Analysis of the Under-Ice Topography in the Arctic Basin as Recorded by the USS Nautilus during August 1958 McLaren, Alfred S. 1988-01-01 application/pdf https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64757 eng eng The Arctic Institute of North America https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64757/48671 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64757 ARCTIC; Vol. 41 No. 2 (1988): June: 91–166; 117-126 1923-1245 0004-0843 Bathymetry Expeditions History Ice leads Nautilus (Ship) Polynyas Sea ice Sonar Submarine topography Thickness Arctic Basin info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 1988 ftunivcalgaryojs 2022-03-22T21:21:53Z The USS Nautilus (SSN-571) was the first vessel to cross the Arctic Basin via the North Pole in early August 1958. During this expedition almost continuous acoustic under-ice thickness distribution profiles were recorded. This article presents an overall statistical analysis of the under-ice draft measurements obtained during this historic cruise. Geographic areas found to have distinct under-ice-characteristics and ice compositions are identified. Principal findings are: (1) Nautilus recorded an overall mean under-ice draft of 3.68 m across the Arctic Basin; (2) the under-ice topography becomes progressively more severe when proceeding from the Canadian to the Eurasian side of the Arctic Basin; (3) the Canada Basin was observed to contain the most moderate under-ice topography and the greatest number of open water and referent polynyas and leads along the transpolar route taken by Nautilus; (4) Nautilus encountered the most severe under-ice topography of the voyage over the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge; and (5) an overall Arctic Basin mean of 2.6% open water/new ice (<30 cm) was encountered during her voyage beneath the sea ice cover of the Arctic Ocean.Key words: sea ice, under-ice thickness distribution, sonar, Canada Basin, Central Arctic, Eurasian Basin, arctic submarine Mots clés: glace de mer, distribution de l’épaisseur de la glace mesurée par dessous, sonar, bassin canadien, centre de l’Arctique, bassin eurasien, sous-marin arctique Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Basin Arctic Arctique* canada basin Central Arctic North Pole Sea ice University of Calgary Journal Hosting Arctic Canada Nautilus ENVELOPE(-67.167,-67.167,-67.650,-67.650) North Pole ARCTIC 41 2 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Calgary Journal Hosting |
op_collection_id |
ftunivcalgaryojs |
language |
English |
topic |
Bathymetry Expeditions History Ice leads Nautilus (Ship) Polynyas Sea ice Sonar Submarine topography Thickness Arctic Basin |
spellingShingle |
Bathymetry Expeditions History Ice leads Nautilus (Ship) Polynyas Sea ice Sonar Submarine topography Thickness Arctic Basin McLaren, Alfred S. Analysis of the Under-Ice Topography in the Arctic Basin as Recorded by the USS Nautilus during August 1958 |
topic_facet |
Bathymetry Expeditions History Ice leads Nautilus (Ship) Polynyas Sea ice Sonar Submarine topography Thickness Arctic Basin |
description |
The USS Nautilus (SSN-571) was the first vessel to cross the Arctic Basin via the North Pole in early August 1958. During this expedition almost continuous acoustic under-ice thickness distribution profiles were recorded. This article presents an overall statistical analysis of the under-ice draft measurements obtained during this historic cruise. Geographic areas found to have distinct under-ice-characteristics and ice compositions are identified. Principal findings are: (1) Nautilus recorded an overall mean under-ice draft of 3.68 m across the Arctic Basin; (2) the under-ice topography becomes progressively more severe when proceeding from the Canadian to the Eurasian side of the Arctic Basin; (3) the Canada Basin was observed to contain the most moderate under-ice topography and the greatest number of open water and referent polynyas and leads along the transpolar route taken by Nautilus; (4) Nautilus encountered the most severe under-ice topography of the voyage over the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge; and (5) an overall Arctic Basin mean of 2.6% open water/new ice (<30 cm) was encountered during her voyage beneath the sea ice cover of the Arctic Ocean.Key words: sea ice, under-ice thickness distribution, sonar, Canada Basin, Central Arctic, Eurasian Basin, arctic submarine Mots clés: glace de mer, distribution de l’épaisseur de la glace mesurée par dessous, sonar, bassin canadien, centre de l’Arctique, bassin eurasien, sous-marin arctique |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
McLaren, Alfred S. |
author_facet |
McLaren, Alfred S. |
author_sort |
McLaren, Alfred S. |
title |
Analysis of the Under-Ice Topography in the Arctic Basin as Recorded by the USS Nautilus during August 1958 |
title_short |
Analysis of the Under-Ice Topography in the Arctic Basin as Recorded by the USS Nautilus during August 1958 |
title_full |
Analysis of the Under-Ice Topography in the Arctic Basin as Recorded by the USS Nautilus during August 1958 |
title_fullStr |
Analysis of the Under-Ice Topography in the Arctic Basin as Recorded by the USS Nautilus during August 1958 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Analysis of the Under-Ice Topography in the Arctic Basin as Recorded by the USS Nautilus during August 1958 |
title_sort |
analysis of the under-ice topography in the arctic basin as recorded by the uss nautilus during august 1958 |
publisher |
The Arctic Institute of North America |
publishDate |
1988 |
url |
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64757 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-67.167,-67.167,-67.650,-67.650) |
geographic |
Arctic Canada Nautilus North Pole |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Canada Nautilus North Pole |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Basin Arctic Arctique* canada basin Central Arctic North Pole Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Basin Arctic Arctique* canada basin Central Arctic North Pole Sea ice |
op_source |
ARCTIC; Vol. 41 No. 2 (1988): June: 91–166; 117-126 1923-1245 0004-0843 |
op_relation |
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64757/48671 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64757 |
container_title |
ARCTIC |
container_volume |
41 |
container_issue |
2 |
_version_ |
1766290831170338816 |