Five Early European Winterings in the Atlantic Arctic (1596-1635): A Comparison

• Published in: ARCTIC
• Main Author: Hacquebord, Louwrens
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: The Arctic Institute of North America 1991
• Subjects: Biological clocks; Cold adaptation; Exploration; History; Human bioclimatology; Human physiology; Hygiene; Mental health and well-being; Photoperiodism; Survival; Whaling; Arctic regions; Novaya Zemlya; Russian Federation; Svalbard; Arctic; Baleine; Jan Mayen; la Baleine; Arctique*; Atlantic Arctic; Atlantic-Arctic; polar night; Smeerenburg; Spitsbergen
• Online Access: https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64585

In the late 16th and early 17th century ten English and Dutch winterings took place in northern regions in less than 100 years. The first wintering occurred in 1553, when the ship of the Englishman Hugh Willoughby became frozen in the Arzina River in northern Russia, and the last in this period took...