Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America
Winter daily maximum temperatures were examined for 56 sites in northern portions on Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota over the period 1960-88. The longest sub-freezing period of winter averaged 20-30 days in the southern portion of the region, 30-40 days around Lake Superior, and 90-100 d...
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The Arctic Institute of North America
1993
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ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64419 2023-05-15T14:19:11+02:00 Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America Schmidlin, Thomas W. Roethlisberger, Rebecca A. 1993-01-01 application/pdf https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64419 eng eng The Arctic Institute of North America https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64419/48354 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64419 ARCTIC; Vol. 46 No. 4 (1993): December: 293–380; 359-364 1923-1245 0004-0843 Atmospheric temperature Climate change Cold adaptation Ice cover Lake ice Melting Snow Snow cover Storms Synoptic climatology Taiga ecology Thermal regimes Treeline Great Lakes region Canada/United States Ontario info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 1993 ftunivcalgaryojs 2022-03-22T21:21:38Z Winter daily maximum temperatures were examined for 56 sites in northern portions on Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota over the period 1960-88. The longest sub-freezing period of winter averaged 20-30 days in the southern portion of the region, 30-40 days around Lake Superior, and 90-100 days in extreme northwestern Ontario. These are twice as long as sub-freezing periods at similar latitudes in eastern Canada. The sub-freezing period is shortened by about one week along the shores of the Great Lakes. There is annual spatial correlation of the longest sub-freezing period, indicating regional synoptic-scale control. The late 1970s had the longest sub-freezing periods but no significant linear trend was found in lengths of sub-freezing periods. The average date of the first significant thaw (>10 C) ranged from early March in the south to late April in the north and delayed 1- 2 weeks along the shores of the Great Lakes.Key words: winter, freezing temperature, boreal forest, Canada, Great Lakes De 1960 à 1988, on a mené une étude sur les températures quotidiennes maximales en hiver à 56 emplacements situés dans des régions septentrionales de l'Ontario, du Michigan, du Wisconsin et du Minnesota. La plus longue période de gel hivernal persistant durait en moyenne de 20 à 30 jours dans la partie méridionale de la région, de 30 à 40 jours autour du lac Supérieur, et de 90 à 100 jours dans la partie la plus au nord-ouest de l'Ontario. Ces durées sont deux fois plus longues que les périodes de gel persistant aux mêmes latitudes dans l'est du Canada. La période de gel persistant est réduite d'environ 1 semaine le long des rives des Grands Lacs. Il existe une corrélation spatiale annuelle de la période de gel persistant la plus longue, ce qui indique un contrôle régional à échelle synoptique. La fin des années 1970 comptait les périodes de gel persistant les plus longues, mais on n'a pas trouvé de tendance linéaire significative dans la durée des périodes de gel persistant. La date moyenne du premier dégel notable (>10 °C) allait de début mars dans le Sud à fin avril dans le Nord et était repoussée de 1 à 2 semaines le long des rives des Grands Lacs.Mots clés : hiver, température inférieure à O’C, forêt boréale, Canada. Grands Lacs Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic taiga University of Calgary Journal Hosting Canada ARCTIC 46 4 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Calgary Journal Hosting |
op_collection_id |
ftunivcalgaryojs |
language |
English |
topic |
Atmospheric temperature Climate change Cold adaptation Ice cover Lake ice Melting Snow Snow cover Storms Synoptic climatology Taiga ecology Thermal regimes Treeline Great Lakes region Canada/United States Ontario |
spellingShingle |
Atmospheric temperature Climate change Cold adaptation Ice cover Lake ice Melting Snow Snow cover Storms Synoptic climatology Taiga ecology Thermal regimes Treeline Great Lakes region Canada/United States Ontario Schmidlin, Thomas W. Roethlisberger, Rebecca A. Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America |
topic_facet |
Atmospheric temperature Climate change Cold adaptation Ice cover Lake ice Melting Snow Snow cover Storms Synoptic climatology Taiga ecology Thermal regimes Treeline Great Lakes region Canada/United States Ontario |
description |
Winter daily maximum temperatures were examined for 56 sites in northern portions on Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota over the period 1960-88. The longest sub-freezing period of winter averaged 20-30 days in the southern portion of the region, 30-40 days around Lake Superior, and 90-100 days in extreme northwestern Ontario. These are twice as long as sub-freezing periods at similar latitudes in eastern Canada. The sub-freezing period is shortened by about one week along the shores of the Great Lakes. There is annual spatial correlation of the longest sub-freezing period, indicating regional synoptic-scale control. The late 1970s had the longest sub-freezing periods but no significant linear trend was found in lengths of sub-freezing periods. The average date of the first significant thaw (>10 C) ranged from early March in the south to late April in the north and delayed 1- 2 weeks along the shores of the Great Lakes.Key words: winter, freezing temperature, boreal forest, Canada, Great Lakes De 1960 à 1988, on a mené une étude sur les températures quotidiennes maximales en hiver à 56 emplacements situés dans des régions septentrionales de l'Ontario, du Michigan, du Wisconsin et du Minnesota. La plus longue période de gel hivernal persistant durait en moyenne de 20 à 30 jours dans la partie méridionale de la région, de 30 à 40 jours autour du lac Supérieur, et de 90 à 100 jours dans la partie la plus au nord-ouest de l'Ontario. Ces durées sont deux fois plus longues que les périodes de gel persistant aux mêmes latitudes dans l'est du Canada. La période de gel persistant est réduite d'environ 1 semaine le long des rives des Grands Lacs. Il existe une corrélation spatiale annuelle de la période de gel persistant la plus longue, ce qui indique un contrôle régional à échelle synoptique. La fin des années 1970 comptait les périodes de gel persistant les plus longues, mais on n'a pas trouvé de tendance linéaire significative dans la durée des périodes de gel persistant. La date moyenne du premier dégel notable (>10 °C) allait de début mars dans le Sud à fin avril dans le Nord et était repoussée de 1 à 2 semaines le long des rives des Grands Lacs.Mots clés : hiver, température inférieure à O’C, forêt boréale, Canada. Grands Lacs |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schmidlin, Thomas W. Roethlisberger, Rebecca A. |
author_facet |
Schmidlin, Thomas W. Roethlisberger, Rebecca A. |
author_sort |
Schmidlin, Thomas W. |
title |
Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America |
title_short |
Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America |
title_full |
Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America |
title_fullStr |
Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America |
title_full_unstemmed |
Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America |
title_sort |
winter sub-freezing periods and significant thaws in the boreal forest region of central north america |
publisher |
The Arctic Institute of North America |
publishDate |
1993 |
url |
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64419 |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Arctic taiga |
genre_facet |
Arctic taiga |
op_source |
ARCTIC; Vol. 46 No. 4 (1993): December: 293–380; 359-364 1923-1245 0004-0843 |
op_relation |
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64419/48354 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64419 |
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ARCTIC |
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46 |
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