Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America

Winter daily maximum temperatures were examined for 56 sites in northern portions on Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota over the period 1960-88. The longest sub-freezing period of winter averaged 20-30 days in the southern portion of the region, 30-40 days around Lake Superior, and 90-100 d...

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Published in:ARCTIC
Main Authors: Schmidlin, Thomas W., Roethlisberger, Rebecca A.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: The Arctic Institute of North America 1993
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64419
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spelling ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64419 2023-05-15T14:19:11+02:00 Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America Schmidlin, Thomas W. Roethlisberger, Rebecca A. 1993-01-01 application/pdf https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64419 eng eng The Arctic Institute of North America https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64419/48354 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64419 ARCTIC; Vol. 46 No. 4 (1993): December: 293–380; 359-364 1923-1245 0004-0843 Atmospheric temperature Climate change Cold adaptation Ice cover Lake ice Melting Snow Snow cover Storms Synoptic climatology Taiga ecology Thermal regimes Treeline Great Lakes region Canada/United States Ontario info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 1993 ftunivcalgaryojs 2022-03-22T21:21:38Z Winter daily maximum temperatures were examined for 56 sites in northern portions on Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota over the period 1960-88. The longest sub-freezing period of winter averaged 20-30 days in the southern portion of the region, 30-40 days around Lake Superior, and 90-100 days in extreme northwestern Ontario. These are twice as long as sub-freezing periods at similar latitudes in eastern Canada. The sub-freezing period is shortened by about one week along the shores of the Great Lakes. There is annual spatial correlation of the longest sub-freezing period, indicating regional synoptic-scale control. The late 1970s had the longest sub-freezing periods but no significant linear trend was found in lengths of sub-freezing periods. The average date of the first significant thaw (>10 C) ranged from early March in the south to late April in the north and delayed 1- 2 weeks along the shores of the Great Lakes.Key words: winter, freezing temperature, boreal forest, Canada, Great Lakes De 1960 à 1988, on a mené une étude sur les températures quotidiennes maximales en hiver à 56 emplacements situés dans des régions septentrionales de l'Ontario, du Michigan, du Wisconsin et du Minnesota. La plus longue période de gel hivernal persistant durait en moyenne de 20 à 30 jours dans la partie méridionale de la région, de 30 à 40 jours autour du lac Supérieur, et de 90 à 100 jours dans la partie la plus au nord-ouest de l'Ontario. Ces durées sont deux fois plus longues que les périodes de gel persistant aux mêmes latitudes dans l'est du Canada. La période de gel persistant est réduite d'environ 1 semaine le long des rives des Grands Lacs. Il existe une corrélation spatiale annuelle de la période de gel persistant la plus longue, ce qui indique un contrôle régional à échelle synoptique. La fin des années 1970 comptait les périodes de gel persistant les plus longues, mais on n'a pas trouvé de tendance linéaire significative dans la durée des périodes de gel persistant. La date moyenne du premier dégel notable (>10 °C) allait de début mars dans le Sud à fin avril dans le Nord et était repoussée de 1 à 2 semaines le long des rives des Grands Lacs.Mots clés : hiver, température inférieure à O’C, forêt boréale, Canada. Grands Lacs Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic taiga University of Calgary Journal Hosting Canada ARCTIC 46 4
institution Open Polar
collection University of Calgary Journal Hosting
op_collection_id ftunivcalgaryojs
language English
topic Atmospheric temperature
Climate change
Cold adaptation
Ice cover
Lake ice
Melting
Snow
Snow cover
Storms
Synoptic climatology
Taiga ecology
Thermal regimes
Treeline
Great Lakes region
Canada/United States
Ontario
spellingShingle Atmospheric temperature
Climate change
Cold adaptation
Ice cover
Lake ice
Melting
Snow
Snow cover
Storms
Synoptic climatology
Taiga ecology
Thermal regimes
Treeline
Great Lakes region
Canada/United States
Ontario
Schmidlin, Thomas W.
Roethlisberger, Rebecca A.
Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America
topic_facet Atmospheric temperature
Climate change
Cold adaptation
Ice cover
Lake ice
Melting
Snow
Snow cover
Storms
Synoptic climatology
Taiga ecology
Thermal regimes
Treeline
Great Lakes region
Canada/United States
Ontario
description Winter daily maximum temperatures were examined for 56 sites in northern portions on Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota over the period 1960-88. The longest sub-freezing period of winter averaged 20-30 days in the southern portion of the region, 30-40 days around Lake Superior, and 90-100 days in extreme northwestern Ontario. These are twice as long as sub-freezing periods at similar latitudes in eastern Canada. The sub-freezing period is shortened by about one week along the shores of the Great Lakes. There is annual spatial correlation of the longest sub-freezing period, indicating regional synoptic-scale control. The late 1970s had the longest sub-freezing periods but no significant linear trend was found in lengths of sub-freezing periods. The average date of the first significant thaw (>10 C) ranged from early March in the south to late April in the north and delayed 1- 2 weeks along the shores of the Great Lakes.Key words: winter, freezing temperature, boreal forest, Canada, Great Lakes De 1960 à 1988, on a mené une étude sur les températures quotidiennes maximales en hiver à 56 emplacements situés dans des régions septentrionales de l'Ontario, du Michigan, du Wisconsin et du Minnesota. La plus longue période de gel hivernal persistant durait en moyenne de 20 à 30 jours dans la partie méridionale de la région, de 30 à 40 jours autour du lac Supérieur, et de 90 à 100 jours dans la partie la plus au nord-ouest de l'Ontario. Ces durées sont deux fois plus longues que les périodes de gel persistant aux mêmes latitudes dans l'est du Canada. La période de gel persistant est réduite d'environ 1 semaine le long des rives des Grands Lacs. Il existe une corrélation spatiale annuelle de la période de gel persistant la plus longue, ce qui indique un contrôle régional à échelle synoptique. La fin des années 1970 comptait les périodes de gel persistant les plus longues, mais on n'a pas trouvé de tendance linéaire significative dans la durée des périodes de gel persistant. La date moyenne du premier dégel notable (>10 °C) allait de début mars dans le Sud à fin avril dans le Nord et était repoussée de 1 à 2 semaines le long des rives des Grands Lacs.Mots clés : hiver, température inférieure à O’C, forêt boréale, Canada. Grands Lacs
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Schmidlin, Thomas W.
Roethlisberger, Rebecca A.
author_facet Schmidlin, Thomas W.
Roethlisberger, Rebecca A.
author_sort Schmidlin, Thomas W.
title Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America
title_short Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America
title_full Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America
title_fullStr Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America
title_full_unstemmed Winter Sub-Freezing Periods and Significant Thaws in the Boreal Forest Region of Central North America
title_sort winter sub-freezing periods and significant thaws in the boreal forest region of central north america
publisher The Arctic Institute of North America
publishDate 1993
url https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64419
geographic Canada
geographic_facet Canada
genre Arctic
taiga
genre_facet Arctic
taiga
op_source ARCTIC; Vol. 46 No. 4 (1993): December: 293–380; 359-364
1923-1245
0004-0843
op_relation https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64419/48354
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