Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador

The Inuit presence, except at Red Bay, is not archaeologically visible until the end of the 18th century, despite the written accounts that document their presence in the Strait of Belle Isle from as early as the 16th century. It appears that they were attracted by the increased European fishing act...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Published in:ARCTIC
Main Author: Auger, Réginald
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: The Arctic Institute of North America 1993
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373
id ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64373
record_format openpolar
spelling ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64373 2023-05-15T14:19:11+02:00 Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador Auger, Réginald 1993-01-01 application/pdf https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373 eng eng The Arctic Institute of North America https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373/48308 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373 ARCTIC; Vol. 46 No. 1 (1993): March: 1–96; 27-34 1923-1245 0004-0843 Artifacts Culture (Anthropology) Customs Fisheries History Houses Inuit Inuit archaeology Pottery Social conditions Social interaction Thule culture Belle Isle Strait of region Labrador/Newfoundland info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 1993 ftunivcalgaryojs 2022-03-22T21:21:38Z The Inuit presence, except at Red Bay, is not archaeologically visible until the end of the 18th century, despite the written accounts that document their presence in the Strait of Belle Isle from as early as the 16th century. It appears that they were attracted by the increased European fishing activities in the area. The European presence consisted of fishermen (planter fishermen) posted at the best fishing locations in the Strait of Belle Isle. They adopted a housing style borrowed from the Labrador Inuit, and that trait is notable for the period between the last decade of the 18th century into the middle of the 19th century. The similarities observed between the two ethnic groups demonstrate how complex it is to differentiate them, as a result of cross-acculturation. The Inuit living in close proximity to European stations replaced their traditional material culture with European-made goods in a very short time period, while the European settlers were building sod houses identical to what we know of the 19th-century Labrador Inuit.Key words: Strait of Belle Isle, Labrador Inuit, Europeans, acculturation, historical archaeology, sod houses, 18th-19th century Contrairement à ce que nous apprenons des sources écrites qui nous suggèrent que les Inuit du Labrador fréquentaient le détroit de Belle Isle à une période aussi ancienne que le 16ième siècle, les résultats de recherches archéologiques démontrent qu'à l'exception des restes trouvés à Red Bay, leur présence n'est attestée qu'à la fin du 18ième siècle. Il appert que leur présence aurait découlé d'une attraction accrue suscitée par les activités de pêche des Européens. La présence européenne est attribuée à des groupes de pêcheurs stationnés aux lieux de pêche les plus productifs du détroit. Ces pêcheurs (planter fishermen) dont les évidences sont identifiés entre la dernière décennie du 18ième siècle jusqu'au milieu du 19ième siècle ont adopté un style d'habitation emprunté aux Inuit du Labrador. Les emprunts culturels observés entre ces deux groupes ethniques démontrent un niveau d'acculturation à un point tel qu'il est extrêmement difficile de les distinguer. Les Inuit vivant à proximité des stations de pêche ont très rapidement troqué leur culture matérielle traditionelle pour des objets de traite européens alors que les Européens ont construit des habitations en tourbe identiques aux habitations que nous connaissons chez les Inuit du Labrador au 19ième siècle.Mots clés: Détroit de Belle Isle, Inuit du Labrador, Européens, acculturation, archéologie historique, maisons de tourbe, 18-19 siècles Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Détroit de Belle Isle inuit Newfoundland Strait of Belle Isle Thule culture University of Calgary Journal Hosting Belle Isle ENVELOPE(-55.357,-55.357,51.942,51.942) Détroit de Belle Isle ENVELOPE(-57.115,-57.115,51.400,51.400) Newfoundland Strait of Belle Isle ENVELOPE(-57.115,-57.115,51.400,51.400) ARCTIC 46 1
institution Open Polar
collection University of Calgary Journal Hosting
op_collection_id ftunivcalgaryojs
language English
topic Artifacts
Culture (Anthropology)
Customs
Fisheries
History
Houses
Inuit
Inuit archaeology
Pottery
Social conditions
Social interaction
Thule culture
Belle Isle
Strait of
region
Labrador/Newfoundland
spellingShingle Artifacts
Culture (Anthropology)
Customs
Fisheries
History
Houses
Inuit
Inuit archaeology
Pottery
Social conditions
Social interaction
Thule culture
Belle Isle
Strait of
region
Labrador/Newfoundland
Auger, Réginald
Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador
topic_facet Artifacts
Culture (Anthropology)
Customs
Fisheries
History
Houses
Inuit
Inuit archaeology
Pottery
Social conditions
Social interaction
Thule culture
Belle Isle
Strait of
region
Labrador/Newfoundland
description The Inuit presence, except at Red Bay, is not archaeologically visible until the end of the 18th century, despite the written accounts that document their presence in the Strait of Belle Isle from as early as the 16th century. It appears that they were attracted by the increased European fishing activities in the area. The European presence consisted of fishermen (planter fishermen) posted at the best fishing locations in the Strait of Belle Isle. They adopted a housing style borrowed from the Labrador Inuit, and that trait is notable for the period between the last decade of the 18th century into the middle of the 19th century. The similarities observed between the two ethnic groups demonstrate how complex it is to differentiate them, as a result of cross-acculturation. The Inuit living in close proximity to European stations replaced their traditional material culture with European-made goods in a very short time period, while the European settlers were building sod houses identical to what we know of the 19th-century Labrador Inuit.Key words: Strait of Belle Isle, Labrador Inuit, Europeans, acculturation, historical archaeology, sod houses, 18th-19th century Contrairement à ce que nous apprenons des sources écrites qui nous suggèrent que les Inuit du Labrador fréquentaient le détroit de Belle Isle à une période aussi ancienne que le 16ième siècle, les résultats de recherches archéologiques démontrent qu'à l'exception des restes trouvés à Red Bay, leur présence n'est attestée qu'à la fin du 18ième siècle. Il appert que leur présence aurait découlé d'une attraction accrue suscitée par les activités de pêche des Européens. La présence européenne est attribuée à des groupes de pêcheurs stationnés aux lieux de pêche les plus productifs du détroit. Ces pêcheurs (planter fishermen) dont les évidences sont identifiés entre la dernière décennie du 18ième siècle jusqu'au milieu du 19ième siècle ont adopté un style d'habitation emprunté aux Inuit du Labrador. Les emprunts culturels observés entre ces deux groupes ethniques démontrent un niveau d'acculturation à un point tel qu'il est extrêmement difficile de les distinguer. Les Inuit vivant à proximité des stations de pêche ont très rapidement troqué leur culture matérielle traditionelle pour des objets de traite européens alors que les Européens ont construit des habitations en tourbe identiques aux habitations que nous connaissons chez les Inuit du Labrador au 19ième siècle.Mots clés: Détroit de Belle Isle, Inuit du Labrador, Européens, acculturation, archéologie historique, maisons de tourbe, 18-19 siècles
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Auger, Réginald
author_facet Auger, Réginald
author_sort Auger, Réginald
title Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador
title_short Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador
title_full Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador
title_fullStr Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador
title_full_unstemmed Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador
title_sort late-18th- and early-19th-century inuit and europeans in southern labrador
publisher The Arctic Institute of North America
publishDate 1993
url https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373
long_lat ENVELOPE(-55.357,-55.357,51.942,51.942)
ENVELOPE(-57.115,-57.115,51.400,51.400)
ENVELOPE(-57.115,-57.115,51.400,51.400)
geographic Belle Isle
Détroit de Belle Isle
Newfoundland
Strait of Belle Isle
geographic_facet Belle Isle
Détroit de Belle Isle
Newfoundland
Strait of Belle Isle
genre Arctic
Détroit de Belle Isle
inuit
Newfoundland
Strait of Belle Isle
Thule culture
genre_facet Arctic
Détroit de Belle Isle
inuit
Newfoundland
Strait of Belle Isle
Thule culture
op_source ARCTIC; Vol. 46 No. 1 (1993): March: 1–96; 27-34
1923-1245
0004-0843
op_relation https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373/48308
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373
container_title ARCTIC
container_volume 46
container_issue 1
_version_ 1766290772842250240