Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador
The Inuit presence, except at Red Bay, is not archaeologically visible until the end of the 18th century, despite the written accounts that document their presence in the Strait of Belle Isle from as early as the 16th century. It appears that they were attracted by the increased European fishing act...
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The Arctic Institute of North America
1993
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Online Access: | https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373 |
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ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64373 2023-05-15T14:19:11+02:00 Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador Auger, Réginald 1993-01-01 application/pdf https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373 eng eng The Arctic Institute of North America https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373/48308 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373 ARCTIC; Vol. 46 No. 1 (1993): March: 1–96; 27-34 1923-1245 0004-0843 Artifacts Culture (Anthropology) Customs Fisheries History Houses Inuit Inuit archaeology Pottery Social conditions Social interaction Thule culture Belle Isle Strait of region Labrador/Newfoundland info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 1993 ftunivcalgaryojs 2022-03-22T21:21:38Z The Inuit presence, except at Red Bay, is not archaeologically visible until the end of the 18th century, despite the written accounts that document their presence in the Strait of Belle Isle from as early as the 16th century. It appears that they were attracted by the increased European fishing activities in the area. The European presence consisted of fishermen (planter fishermen) posted at the best fishing locations in the Strait of Belle Isle. They adopted a housing style borrowed from the Labrador Inuit, and that trait is notable for the period between the last decade of the 18th century into the middle of the 19th century. The similarities observed between the two ethnic groups demonstrate how complex it is to differentiate them, as a result of cross-acculturation. The Inuit living in close proximity to European stations replaced their traditional material culture with European-made goods in a very short time period, while the European settlers were building sod houses identical to what we know of the 19th-century Labrador Inuit.Key words: Strait of Belle Isle, Labrador Inuit, Europeans, acculturation, historical archaeology, sod houses, 18th-19th century Contrairement à ce que nous apprenons des sources écrites qui nous suggèrent que les Inuit du Labrador fréquentaient le détroit de Belle Isle à une période aussi ancienne que le 16ième siècle, les résultats de recherches archéologiques démontrent qu'à l'exception des restes trouvés à Red Bay, leur présence n'est attestée qu'à la fin du 18ième siècle. Il appert que leur présence aurait découlé d'une attraction accrue suscitée par les activités de pêche des Européens. La présence européenne est attribuée à des groupes de pêcheurs stationnés aux lieux de pêche les plus productifs du détroit. Ces pêcheurs (planter fishermen) dont les évidences sont identifiés entre la dernière décennie du 18ième siècle jusqu'au milieu du 19ième siècle ont adopté un style d'habitation emprunté aux Inuit du Labrador. Les emprunts culturels observés entre ces deux groupes ethniques démontrent un niveau d'acculturation à un point tel qu'il est extrêmement difficile de les distinguer. Les Inuit vivant à proximité des stations de pêche ont très rapidement troqué leur culture matérielle traditionelle pour des objets de traite européens alors que les Européens ont construit des habitations en tourbe identiques aux habitations que nous connaissons chez les Inuit du Labrador au 19ième siècle.Mots clés: Détroit de Belle Isle, Inuit du Labrador, Européens, acculturation, archéologie historique, maisons de tourbe, 18-19 siècles Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Détroit de Belle Isle inuit Newfoundland Strait of Belle Isle Thule culture University of Calgary Journal Hosting Belle Isle ENVELOPE(-55.357,-55.357,51.942,51.942) Détroit de Belle Isle ENVELOPE(-57.115,-57.115,51.400,51.400) Newfoundland Strait of Belle Isle ENVELOPE(-57.115,-57.115,51.400,51.400) ARCTIC 46 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Calgary Journal Hosting |
op_collection_id |
ftunivcalgaryojs |
language |
English |
topic |
Artifacts Culture (Anthropology) Customs Fisheries History Houses Inuit Inuit archaeology Pottery Social conditions Social interaction Thule culture Belle Isle Strait of region Labrador/Newfoundland |
spellingShingle |
Artifacts Culture (Anthropology) Customs Fisheries History Houses Inuit Inuit archaeology Pottery Social conditions Social interaction Thule culture Belle Isle Strait of region Labrador/Newfoundland Auger, Réginald Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador |
topic_facet |
Artifacts Culture (Anthropology) Customs Fisheries History Houses Inuit Inuit archaeology Pottery Social conditions Social interaction Thule culture Belle Isle Strait of region Labrador/Newfoundland |
description |
The Inuit presence, except at Red Bay, is not archaeologically visible until the end of the 18th century, despite the written accounts that document their presence in the Strait of Belle Isle from as early as the 16th century. It appears that they were attracted by the increased European fishing activities in the area. The European presence consisted of fishermen (planter fishermen) posted at the best fishing locations in the Strait of Belle Isle. They adopted a housing style borrowed from the Labrador Inuit, and that trait is notable for the period between the last decade of the 18th century into the middle of the 19th century. The similarities observed between the two ethnic groups demonstrate how complex it is to differentiate them, as a result of cross-acculturation. The Inuit living in close proximity to European stations replaced their traditional material culture with European-made goods in a very short time period, while the European settlers were building sod houses identical to what we know of the 19th-century Labrador Inuit.Key words: Strait of Belle Isle, Labrador Inuit, Europeans, acculturation, historical archaeology, sod houses, 18th-19th century Contrairement à ce que nous apprenons des sources écrites qui nous suggèrent que les Inuit du Labrador fréquentaient le détroit de Belle Isle à une période aussi ancienne que le 16ième siècle, les résultats de recherches archéologiques démontrent qu'à l'exception des restes trouvés à Red Bay, leur présence n'est attestée qu'à la fin du 18ième siècle. Il appert que leur présence aurait découlé d'une attraction accrue suscitée par les activités de pêche des Européens. La présence européenne est attribuée à des groupes de pêcheurs stationnés aux lieux de pêche les plus productifs du détroit. Ces pêcheurs (planter fishermen) dont les évidences sont identifiés entre la dernière décennie du 18ième siècle jusqu'au milieu du 19ième siècle ont adopté un style d'habitation emprunté aux Inuit du Labrador. Les emprunts culturels observés entre ces deux groupes ethniques démontrent un niveau d'acculturation à un point tel qu'il est extrêmement difficile de les distinguer. Les Inuit vivant à proximité des stations de pêche ont très rapidement troqué leur culture matérielle traditionelle pour des objets de traite européens alors que les Européens ont construit des habitations en tourbe identiques aux habitations que nous connaissons chez les Inuit du Labrador au 19ième siècle.Mots clés: Détroit de Belle Isle, Inuit du Labrador, Européens, acculturation, archéologie historique, maisons de tourbe, 18-19 siècles |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Auger, Réginald |
author_facet |
Auger, Réginald |
author_sort |
Auger, Réginald |
title |
Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador |
title_short |
Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador |
title_full |
Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador |
title_fullStr |
Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador |
title_full_unstemmed |
Late-18th- and Early-19th-Century Inuit and Europeans in Southern Labrador |
title_sort |
late-18th- and early-19th-century inuit and europeans in southern labrador |
publisher |
The Arctic Institute of North America |
publishDate |
1993 |
url |
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-55.357,-55.357,51.942,51.942) ENVELOPE(-57.115,-57.115,51.400,51.400) ENVELOPE(-57.115,-57.115,51.400,51.400) |
geographic |
Belle Isle Détroit de Belle Isle Newfoundland Strait of Belle Isle |
geographic_facet |
Belle Isle Détroit de Belle Isle Newfoundland Strait of Belle Isle |
genre |
Arctic Détroit de Belle Isle inuit Newfoundland Strait of Belle Isle Thule culture |
genre_facet |
Arctic Détroit de Belle Isle inuit Newfoundland Strait of Belle Isle Thule culture |
op_source |
ARCTIC; Vol. 46 No. 1 (1993): March: 1–96; 27-34 1923-1245 0004-0843 |
op_relation |
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373/48308 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64373 |
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ARCTIC |
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46 |
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